Abstract
Prenatal infections are an important aspect of placental pathology. They are common and varied. Their pathogenesis and related circumstances must be understood if the pathological lesions are to be interpreted correctly. Many types of infection cause placental changes, but with some types the infection may be difficult to prove. Ultrastructural studies are especially lacking in this area and might be helpful, particularly when virus infection is suspected. Infections may ascend from the endo-cervical canal, or they may reach the placenta hematogenously through the maternal blood. Rarely are they acquired by amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling, amnioscopy (Horky & Amon, 1967), percutaneous umbilical blood sampling (Wilkins et al., 1989), or intrauterine fetal transfusion (Goodlin, 1965; Scott & Henderson, 1972).
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References
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Benirschke, K., Kaufmann, P. (1990). Infectious Diseases. In: Pathology of the Human Placenta. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4193-3_24
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