Abstract
Many patients with renal disease present with symptoms that seem to arise from the digestive tract. Practically every case of urinary tract disease is known to be accompanied by some gastrointestinal complaint of a transitory or permanent character, particularly nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, constipation, or diarrhea.14 Gastrointestinal symptoms alone have been noted in up to 43% of patients. Since clinical investigation of such patients is often started with barium contrast studies, it is important to recognize that characteristic effects on specific portions of the bowel may uncover the primary renal disease and redirect the course of evaluation.22
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Meyers, M.A. (1982). The Renointestinal Relationships: Normal and Pathologic Anatomy. In: Dynamic Radiology of the Abdomen. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3958-9_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3958-9_5
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