Multivariate Analysis and Pattern Recognition

Abstract

Multivariate analysis is concerned with datasets that have more than one response variable for each observational or experimental unit. The datasets can be summarized by data matrices X with n rows and p columns, the rows representing the observations or cases, and the columns the variables. The matrix can be viewed either way, depending on whether the main interest is in the relationships between the cases or between the variables. Note that for consistency we represent the variables of a case by the row vector x.