Abstract
Every modern telecommunications system uses at least one mixer, the performance of which largely determines the overall system performance. The term “mixer”, in use since the earlier days when the super-heterodyne technique was invented, is inappropriate since a mixer does not actually “mix” the signals at its inputs (it does not add them linearly) but it multiplies them in pairs. Performing the task of driving the desired signal to the IF stage, out of a host of possible combinations of signals appearing at the antenna, is largely a matter of proper system design.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Bibliography
D.O. Pederson and K. Mayaram, Analog Integrated Circuits for Communication, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991.
K.L. Fong and R.G. Meyer, “A 2.4 GHz Monolithic Mixer for Wireless LAN Applications,” IEEE 1997 CICC, Paper 9.4.1., pp. 185–188.
R.G. Meyer and W.D. Mack, “A 1-GHz BICMOS RF Front-End I.C.,” IEEE J. of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 350–355, March 1994.
S.A. Maas, Microwave Mixers, Artech House, 1993.
J.R. Long and M.A. Copeland, “A 1.9 GHz Low-Voltage Silicon Bipolar Receiver Front-End for Wireless Personal Communication Systems,” IEEE J. of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 30, no. 12, pp. 1438–1448, Dec. 1995.
T. Yamaji and H. Tanimoto, “A 2 GHz Balanced Harmonic Mixer for Direct-Conversion Receivers,” IEEE 1997 CICC Paper 9.6.1, pp 193196.
K.L. Fong, C.D. Hull, and R.G. Meyer, “A Class AB Monolithic Mixer for 900 MHz Applications,” IEEE J. of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 32, no. 8, pp. 1166–1172, Aug. 1997.
B. Razavi, “A 1.5 V 900 MHz Downconversion Mixer,” IEEE ISSCC 96 Paper TP 3. 1, pp. 48–49.
B. Gilbert, “Mixer Fundamentals and Active Mixer Design,” RF IC Design for Wireless Communication Systems, EPFL, Switzerland, 1995.
G.C. Dowe, J.M. Mourant, and A.P. Brokaw, “A 2.7-V DECT RF Transceiver with Integrated VCO,” IEEE ISSCC 97, Paper SA 18.5,pp. 308–309.
B. Gilbert, “The MICROMIXER: A Highly Linear Variant of the Gilbert Mixer Using a Bisymmetric Class–AB Input Stage,” IEEE J. of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 32, no. 9, pp. 1412–1423, Sept. 1997.
J.C. Rudell, J.-J.Ou, T.B. Cho, G. Chien, F. Brianti, J.A. Weldon, and P.R. Gray, “A 1.9 GHz Video-Band IF Double Conversion CMOS Integrated Receiver for Cordless Telephone Applications,” IEEE ISSCC 97, Paper SA 18.3,pp. 304–305.
A. Rofougaran, J. Y.-C. Chang, M. Rofougaran, and A.A. Abidi, “A 1 GHz CMOS RF Front-End IC for a Direct-Conversion Wireless Receiver,” IEEE J. of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 31, no. 7, pp. 880–889, July 1996.
A.R. Shahani, D.K. Shaeffer, and T.H. Lee, “A 12 mW Wide Dynamic Range CMOS Front-End for a Portable GPS Receiver,” IEEE ISSCC 97, Paper SP. 22.3,pp. 368–369.
J. Crols and M. Steyaert, “A Full CMOS 1.5 GHz Highly Linear Broadband Downconversion Mixer,” ESSCIRC 94, pp. 248–251.
J. Crois and M. Steyaert, “A fully Integrated 900 MHz CMOS Double Quadrature Downconverter,” IEEE ISSCC 95, Paper TA 8.1,pp. 136137.
P.Y. Chan, A. Rofougaran, K.A. Ahmed, and A.A. Abidi, “A Highly Linear 1-GHz CMOS Downconversion Mixer,” ESSCIRC 93,pp. 210213.
B. S. Song, “CMOS RF Circuits for Data Communications Applications,” IEEE J. of Solid-State Circuits, vol. SC-21, no. 2, pp. 310–317, April 1986.
A. N. Karanicolas, “A 2.7 V 900 MHz CMOS LNA and Mixer,” IEEE ISSCC 96, Paper TP 3.2,pp. 50–51.
A. N. Karanicolas, “A 2.7 -V 900-MHz CMOS LNA and Mixer,” IEEE J. of Solid–State Circuits, vol. 31, no. 12, pp. 1939–1944, Dec. 1996.
R.G. Meyer, W.D. Mack, and J. Hageraats, “A 2.5 GHz BICMOS Transceiver for Wireless LAN,” IEEE ISSCC 97, Paper SA 18.6,pp. 310–311.
J.R. Long, M.A. Copeland, S.J. Kovacic, D.S. Malhi, and D.L. Harame, “RF Analog and Digital Circuits in SiGe Technology,” IEEE ISSCC 96, Paper TP 5.3,pp. 82–83.
M.D. McDonald, “A 2.5 GHz BICMOS Image-Reject Front-End,” ISSCC 93, Paper TP 9.4,pp. 144–145.
D. Pache, J.M. Fournier, G. Billiot, and P. Senn, “An Improved 3V 2GHz BICMOS Image Reject Mixer IC,” IEEE CICC 95, Paper 6.3.1,pp. 95–98.
D. Pache, J.M. Fournier, G. Billiot, and P. Senn, “An Improved 3V 2GHz Image Reject Mixer and a VCO-Prescaler Fully Integrated in a BICMOS Process,” IEEE CICC 1996.
T. Tsukahara, M. Ishihawa, and M. Muraguchi, “A 2V 2GHz Si-Bipolar Direct-Conversion Quadrature Modulator,” IEEE ISSCC 94, Paper WP 2.6,pp. 40–41.
T. Tsukahara, M. Ishihawa, and M. Muraguchi, “A 2-V 2-GHz Si-Bipolar Direct-Conversion Quadrature Modulator,” IEEE J. of Solid–State Circuits, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 263–267, Feb. 1996.
M. Ishibe et al., “High-Speed CMOS I/O Buffer Circuits,” IEEE J. of Solid–State Circuits, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 671–673, Apr. 1992.
S. Otaha, T. Yamaji, R. Fujimoto, C. Takahashi, and H. Tanimoto, “A Low Local Input 1.9 GHz Si-Bipolar Quadrature Modulator with No Adjustment,” IEEE J. of Solid–State Circuits, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 30–37, Jan. 1996.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Papananos, Y.E. (1999). Mixers. In: Radio-Frequency Microelectronic Circuits for Telecommunication Applications. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3017-3_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3017-3_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-5104-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-3017-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive