Abstract
Joint pain is a common presenting complaint to the family physician; and as with most conditions, a careful history and physical examination are critical to accurate diagnosis and optimal management. The physician’s first task is to differentiate between true joint pain and that from nearby anatomic structures such as tendons, ligaments, fascial planes, and nerve distributions or in bursal areas. The importance of accurate diagnosis of chronic joint pain (> six weeks) has been even more accentuated in recent years by earlier use of drugs other than nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Michet C, Hunder GG. Examination of the joints. In: Kelley WN Jr, Harris ED Jr, Ruddy S, Sledge CB, editors. Textbook of rheumatology. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1989:425–41.
American College of Rheumatology Ad Hoc Committee on Clinical Guidelines. Guidelines for the initial evaluation of the adult patient with acute musculoskeletal symptoms. Arthritis Rheum 1996;39:1–8.
Boardman PL, Hart FD. Clinical measurement of the antiinflammatory effects of salicylates in rheumatoid arthritis. BMJ 1967;4:264–7.
Stone CE. The lifetime economic costs of rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 1984;11:819–23.
O’Sullivan JB, Cathcart ES. The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Intern Med 1972;76:573–7.
Smith CA, Arnett FC. Diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis: current criteria. Am Fam Physician 1991;44:863–70.
Mens JM. Correlation of joint involvement in rheumatoid arthritis and in ankylosing spondylitis with the syno-viakcartilagenous surface ratio of various joints. Arthritis Rheum 1987;30:359–60.
Ball EV, Koopoman WJ. Disorders of rheumatologic allergic and dermatologie systems. In: Kelley WN, editor. Kelley’s textbook of internal medicine. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lip-pincott, 1992:914–9.
Fries JF. Assessment of the patient with rheumatic disease. In: Kelley WN Jr, Harris ED Jr, Ruddy S, Sledge CB, editors. Textbook of rheumatology. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1989:417–24.
Yelin E, Callahan LF. The economic cost and social and psychological impact of musculoskeletal conditions. Arthritis Rheum 1995;38:1351–62.
Kremer JM, Michalek AV, Lininges L, et al. Effects of manipulation of dietary fatty acids on clinical manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet 1985;1:184–7.
Liang MH. Psychosocial aspects of rheumatological diseases. In: Kelley WN Jr, Harris ED Jr, Ruddy S, Sledge CB, editors. Textbook of rheumatology. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1989:611–20.
Abramowicz M, editor. Drugs for rheumatoid arthritis. Med Lett 1994;36:101–6.
Graham DY, White RH, Moreland LW, et al. Duodenal and gastric ulcer prevention with misoprostol in arthritis patients taking NSAIDs. Ann Intern Med 1993;119:257–61.
Fries JF, Williams CA, Bloch DA. The relative toxicity of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Arthritis Rheumatol 1991;34:1353–60.
Van der Heijde DM, van Leeuwen MA, van Riel PL, et al. Biannual radiographic assessments of hands and feet in a three-year prospective follow-up of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 1992;35:26–34.
Cash JM, Klippel JH. Second-line drug therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med 1994;330:1368–75.
Harris WH, Sledge CB. Total hip and total knee replacement. N Engl J Med 1990;323:725–31, 801–7.
Tilley BC, Alarcon GS, Heyse SP, et al. Minocycline in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Intern Med 1995;122:81–89.
Mills J. Systemic lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med 1994; 330:1871–9.
Condemi J. The autoimmune diseases. JAMA 1992;268:2882–92.
Boumpas D, Fessier B, Austin H, et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus. Part 2. Dermatologie and joint disease, the anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome, pregnancy and hormonal therapy, morbidity and mortality, and pathogenesis. Ann Intern Med 1995;123:42–53.
Osial T, Cash J, Eisenbeis C. Arthritis associated syndromes. Prim Care 1993;20:857–82.
Boumpas D, Austin H, Fessier B, et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus: emerging concepts. Part 1. Renal, neuropsychiatrie, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and hematologic disease. Ann Intern Med 1995;122:940–50.
Hughes R, Keat A. Reiter ‘s syndrome and reactive arthritis: a current view. Sem Arthritis Rheum 1994;24(3):190–210.
Kirchner J. Reiter’s syndrome. Postgrad Med 1995;97:111–21.
Kahaleh B, Matucci-Cerinic M. Raynaud’s phenomenon and scleroderma. Arthritis Rheum 1995;38:1–4.
Adee A. Managing Raynaud’s phenomenon: a practical approach. Am Fam Phys 1993;47(4):823–9.
Dowd P. Raynaud’s phenomenon. Lancet 1995;346:283–90.
Sjögren R. Gastrointestinal motility disorders in scleroderma. Arthritis Rheum 1994;37:1265–82.
Edwards J, Porter J. Raynaud’s syndrome and small vessel arteriopathy. Semin Vase Surg 1993;6:56–65.
Lehrer S, Bogursky E, Yemmini M, et al. Gynecologic manifestations of Sjogren’s syndrome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994; 170:835–7.
Merritt J, McLean T, Erickson R, et al. Measurement of trunk flexibility in normal subjects: reproducibility of three clinical methods. Mayo Clin Proc 1986;61:192–7.
Gladman D. Toward unraveling the mystery of psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1993;36:881–3.
Salvarini C, Gabriel S, O’Fallon M, Hunder G. Epidemiology of polymyalgia rheumatica in Olmstead County, Minnesota, 1970–1991. Arthritis Rheum 1995;38:369–73.
Pountain G, Hazleman B. Polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis. BMJ 1995;310:1057–9.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gravel, J.W., Sereno, P.A. (1998). Rheumatoid Arthritis and Related Disorders. In: Taylor, R.B., David, A.K., Johnson, T.A., Phillips, D.M., Scherger, J.E. (eds) Family Medicine. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2947-4_113
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2947-4_113
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-2949-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-2947-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive