Abstract
Hematuria is the presence of red blood cells in the urine, and may be microscopic or gross. Microscopic hematuria is defined as greater than five red blood cells per high powered field. Hematuria can also be classified as initial, total or terminal, depending on when it appears during the course of urination. Initial hematuria is indicative of anterior urethral bleeding (distal to the external sphincter). Total hematuria indicates bleeding from the bladder or above. Terminal hematuria suggests posterior urethral bleeding (prostate or bladder neck).
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© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media New York
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Coogan, C.L. (1998). Hematuria. In: Millikan, K.W., Saclarides, T.J. (eds) Common Surgical Diseases. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2945-0_72
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2945-0_72
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