Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
SpringerLink
Log in

Rickets and Vitamin D Deficiency

  • Chapter
Vitamin D

Part of the book series: Nutrition and Health ((NH))

  • 323 Accesses

Abstract

The clinical features of vitamin D deficiency rickets have been known for more than three centuries, and systematic preventive measures have dramatically decreased its incidence in several parts of the world, including North America and northern Europe. However, this is no reason to consider this condition a disease of the past. Indeed, vitamin D deficiency remains a public health problem in some North African and Middle East countries, as well as in specific regions of India, China, and South America (1,2). Moreover, clinical manifestations of vitamin D deficiency are still seen among “at-risk” populations of children in North America and northern Europe (1,3), and cases of rickets are reappearing in former Soviet countries as a result of the recent disorganization of their centralized health care system.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Glorieux FH, ed. Rickets. Nestlé Nutrition Workshop Series, vol 21. New York: Raven, 1991; 285.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Pitt MJ. Rickets and osteomalacia are still around. Radiol Clin North Am 1991; 29: 97–118.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Bhattacharyya AK. Nutritional rickets in the tropics. In: Nutritional Triggers for Health and in Disease. Simopoulos AP, ed. World Rev Nutr Diet 1992; 67: 140–197.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Felton DJC, Stone WD. Osteomalacia in Asian immigrants during pregnancy Br Med J 1966; 1: 1521, 1522.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Rab SM, Baseer A. Occult osteomalacia amongst healthy and pregnant women in Pakistan. Lancet 1976; 2: 1211–1213.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Park W, Paust H, Kaufmann HJ, Offermann G. Osteomalacia of the mother. Rickets of the newborn. Eur J Pediatr 1987; 146: 292, 293.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Preece M, McIntosh W, Tomlinson S, Ford J, Dunnigan M, O’Riordan J. Vitamin D deficiency among Asian immigrants to Britain. Lancet 1973; i:907–910.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Ford JA, Davidson DC, Mc Intosh WB, Fyfe WM, Dunnigan MG. Neonatal rickets in Asian immigrant population. Br Med J 1973; 3: 211, 212.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Moncrieff M, Fadahursi TO. Congenital rickets due to maternal vitamin D deficiency. Arch Dis Child 1974; 49: 810, 811.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Rosen JF, Roginsky M, Nathenson G, Finberg L. 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Plasma levels in mothers and their premature infants with neonatal hypocalcemia. Am J Dis Child 1974; 127: 220–223.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Rösli A, Fanconi A. Neonatal hypocalcemia: “Early type” in low birth weight newborns. Heiv Pediatr Acta 1973, 28: 443–457.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Hillman LS, Rojanasathit S, Slatopolsky E, et al. Serial measurements of serum calcium, magnesium, parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in premature and term infants during the first week of life. Pediatr Res 1977; 11: 739–744.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Glorieux FH, Salle BL, Delvin E, et al. Vitamin D metabolism in preterm infants: serum calcitriol values during the first 5 days of life. J Pediatr 1981; 99: 640–643.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Mallet E, Henocq A, De Menibus CH. Effects of vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women on the frequency of neonatal hypocalcemia. In: Vitamin D, A Pluripotent Steroid Hormone: Structural Studies, Molecular Endocrinology and Clinical Applications. Norman AW, Bouillon R, Thomasset M, eds. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1994; 869–870.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Brooke OG, Brown IRF, Bone CDM, Carter ND, Cleeve HJW, Maxwell JD, Robinson VP, Winder SM. Vitamin D supplements in pregnant Asian women: effects on calcium status and fetal growth. Br Med J 1980; 280: 751–754.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Cockburn F, Belton NR, Purvis RJ, Giles MM, Brown JK, Turner TL, Wilkinson EM, Forfar JO, Barrie WJM, McKay GS, Pocock SJ. Maternal vitamin D intake and mineral metabolism in mothers and their newborn infants. Br Med J 1980; 281: 11–14.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Brooke OG, Brown IRF, Cleeve HJW. Observations on the vitamin D state of pregnant asian women in London. Br Med J 1981; 88: 18–26.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Gillore A, Groneck P, Kaiser J, Schmitz-Stolbrink A. Congestive heart failure in an infant due to vitamin D deficiency rickets. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 1989; 137: 108–110.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Brunvand L, Haga P, Tangsrud SE, Haug E. Congestive heart failure caused by vitamin D deficiency? Act Paediatr 1995; 84: 106–108.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Brooke OG, Butters F, Wood C. Intrauterine vitamin D nutrition and post natal growth in Asian infants. Br Med J 1981; 283: 1024.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Purvis RJ, Barrie WJM, Mac Kay GS, Wilkinson EM, Cockburn F, Belton NR, Forfar JO. Enamel hypoplasia of the teeth associated with neonatal tetany: a manifestation of maternal vitamin D deficiency. Lancet 1973; 2: 811–814.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Kritz-Silverstein D, Barrett-Connor E, Hollenbach KA. Pregnancy and lactation as determinants of bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Am J Epidemiol 1992; 136: 1052–1059.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Edidin D, Levitsky L, Schey W, Dumbovic N, Campos A. Resurgences of nutritional rickets associated with breast-feeding and special dietary practices. Pediatrics 1980; 65: 232–235.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Dagnelie PC, Vergote F, Van Staveren WA, van den Berg H, Dingjan PG, Hautvast JGAJ. High prevalence of rickets in infants on macrobiotic diets. Am J Clin Nutr 1990; 51: 202–208.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Key LL. Nutritional rickets. Trends Endocrinol Metab 1991; 2: 81–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Hoffman E. The Chovstek sign; a clinical study. Am J Surg 1958; 96: 33–37.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Ford JA, Colhoun EM, McIntosh WB, Dunnigan MG. Rickets and osteomalacia in the Glasgow Pakistani community 1961–1971. Br Med J 1972; 2: 677–680.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Moncrieff MW, Lunt HRW, Arthur LJH. Nutritional rickets at puberty. Arch Dis Child 1973; 48: 221–24.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Cooke WT, Asquith P, Ruck N, Melikian V, Swan CHJ. Rickets, growth, and alkaline phosphatase in urban adolescents. Br Med J, 1974; 2: 293–297.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Corbeel L, Bouillon R, Deschamps L, Geussens H. Vitamin D sensitive rickets in puberty. Acta Paediatr Belg 1976; 29: 103–108.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Ford JA, McIntosh WB, Butterfield R, et al. Clinical and subclinical vitamin D deficiency in Bradford children. Arch Dis Child 1976; 51: 939–943.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Freycon MT, Pouyau G, Abeille A, Frederich A, Durr F, Loras B, Freycon F. Rachitisme carentiel chez le grand enfant. A propos de deux observations. Pediatrie 1983; 38: 485–490.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. O’Hare AE, Uttley WS, Belton NR et al. Persisting vitamin D deficiency in the Asian adolescent. Arch Dis Child 1984; 59: 766–770.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Bénichou JJ, Sallière D, Labrune B. Rachitisme carentiel chez une adolescente. Arch Fr Pediatr 1985; 42: 443–445.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Zhou H. Rickets in China. In: Rickets. Nestlé Nutrition Workshop Series, vol 21. Glorieux FH, ed. New York: Raven, 1991; 253–261.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Fraser D, Kooh SW, Scriver CR. Hyperparathyroidism as the cause of hyperaminoaciduria and phosphaturia in human vitamin D deficiency. Pediatr Res 1967; 1: 425–436.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Greig F, Casas J, Castells S. Plasma osteocalcin before and during treatment of various forms of rickets. J Pediatr 1989; 114: 820–823.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Kruse K, Kracht U. Evaluation of serum osteocalcin as an index of altered bone metabolism. Eur J Pediatr 1986; 145: 27–33.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Oginni LM, Worsfold M, Sharp CA, Oyelami OA, Powell DE, Davie MW. Plasma osteocalcin in healthy Nigerian children and in children with calcium-deficiency rickets. Calcif Tissue Int 1996; 59: 424–427.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Kooh SW, Fraser D, Reilly BJ, Hamilton JR, Gall DG, Bell L. Rickets due to calcium deficiency. N Engl J Med 1977; 297: 1264–1266.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Pettifor JM, Ross FP, Travers R, Glorieux FH, De Luca HF. Dietary calcium deficiency: a syndrome associated with bone deformities and elevated serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations. Metab Bone Dis Rel Res 1981; 2: 301–305.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Thakker RV, O’Riordan JLH. Inherited forms of rickets and osteomalacia. Bailleres Clin Endocrinol Metab 1988; 2: 157–191.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Stanbury SW, Taylor CM, Lumb GA, Mawer EB, Berry J, Hahn J, Wallace J. Formation of vitamin D metabolites following correction of human vitamin D deficiency. Observations in patients with nutritional osteomalacia. Miner Electrolyte Metab 1981; 5: 212–227.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Rosen JF, Chesney RW. Circulating calcitriol concentrations in health and disease. J Pediatr 1983; 103: 1–16.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Chesney RW, Zimmerman J, Hamstra A, De Luca HF, Mazess RB. Vitamin D metabolite concentrations in vitamin D deficiency: are calcitriol levels normal? Am J Dis Child 1981; 135: 1025.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Garabédian M, Vainsel M, Mallet E, Guillozo H, Toppet M, Grimberg R, Nguyen TM, Balsan S. Circulating vitamin D metabolite concentrations in children with nutritional rickets. J Pediatr 1983; 103: 381–386.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Markestad T, Halvorsen S, Seeger Halvorsen K, Asknes L, Aarskog D. Plasma concentrations of vitamin D metabolites before and during treatment of vitamin D deficiency rickets in children. Acta Paediatr Scand 1984; 73: 225–231.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Venkataraman P, Tsang RC, Buckley DD, Ho M, Steichen JJ. Elevation of serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in response to physiologic doses of vitamin D in vitamin D deficient infants. J Pediatr 1983; 103: 416–419.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Kumar R. The metabolism and mechanism of action of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Kidney Int 1986; 30: 793–803.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Dawson-Hugues B, Harris S, Dallal GE. Serum ionised calcium, as well as phosphorus and parathyroid hormone, is associated with the plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 concentration in normal postmenopausal women. J Bone Miner Res 1991; 6: 461–468.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Ho SC, Mac Donald D, Chan C, Fan YK, Chan SSG, Swaminathan R. Determinants of serum 1,25dihydroxyvitamin D concentration in healthy premenopausal subjects. Clin Chim Acta 1994; 230: 21–33.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. David L, Anast CS. Calcium metabolism in newborn infants. The interrelationship of parathyroid function and calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus metabolism in normal, “sick” and hypocalcemic newborns. J Clin Invest 1974; 54: 287–296.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Zeghoud F, Vervel C, Guillozo H, Walrant O, Boutigon H, Garabédian M. Subclinical vitamin D deficiency in neonates: definition and response to vitamin D supplements. Am J Clin Nutr 1997; 65: 771–778.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Fanconi A, Prader A. Transient congenital idiopathic hypoparathyroidism. Heiv Paediat Acta 1967; 22: 342–359.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Sherman SS, Hollis BW, Tobin JD. Vitamin D status and related parameters in a healthy population: the effects of age, sex and season. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990; 71: 405–413.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Chapuy MC, Arlot ME, Duboeuf F, Brun J, Crouzet B, Arnaud S, Delmas PD, Meunier PJ. Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in elderly women. N Engl J Med 1992; 327: 1637–1642.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Ooms ME, Roos JC, Bezemer PD, Van Der Vijgh WJF, Bouter LM, Lips P. Prevention of bone loss by vitamin D supplementation in elderly women: a randomized double-blind trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995; 80: 1052–1058.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Gloth FM III, Gundborg CM, Hollis BW, Haddad JG, Tobin JD. Vitamin D deficiency in homebound elderly persons. JAMA 1995; 274: 1683–1686.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Shah BR, Finberg L. Single-day therapy for nutritional vitamin D deficiency rickets: a preferred method. J Pediatr 1994; 125: 487–490.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Whyte MP, Haddad JG, Walters DD, Stamp TCB. Vitamin D bioavailability: serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in man after oral, subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intraveinous vitamin D administration. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1979; 48: 906–911.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Webb AR, Holick MF. The role of sunlight in the cutaneous production of vitamin D3. Annu Rev Nutr 1988; 8: 375–399.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Garabédian M, Zeghoud F, Rossignol C. Vitamin D status of infant living in France: results of a multicentre survey on 411 healthy infants 8–10 mo old age (1988–1990). In: Journées Parisiennes de Pédiatrie. Paris: Flammarion Médecine-Sciences, 1991; 51–57 (in French).

    Google Scholar 

  63. Ala-Houhala M. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels during breast feeding with or without maternal or infantile supplementation of vitamin D J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1985; 4:220–226.

    Google Scholar 

  64. Markestad TM, Hesse V, Siebenhuner M, et al. Intermittent high-dose vitamin D prophylaxis during infancy: effect on vitamin D metabolites, calcium and phosphorus. Am J Clin Nutr 1987; 46: 652–658.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Zeghoud F, Ben-Mekhbi H, Djeghri N, Garabédian M. Vitamin D prophylaxis during infancy: comparison of the long-term effects of three intermittent doses (15,5, or 2.5 mg) on 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations; Am J Clin Nutr 1994; 60: 393–396.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Delvin EE, Salle BL, Glorieux FH, Adeleine P, David LS. Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy: effect on neonatal calcium homeostasis. J Pediatr 1986; 109: 328–334.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Mallet E, Gugi B, Brunelle Ph, Hénocq A, Basuyau JP, Lemeur H. Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy: a controlled trial of two methods. Obstet Gynecol 1986; 68: 300–304.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Zeghoud F, Garabedian M, Jardel A, Bernard N, Melchior J. Administration of a single dose of vitamin D3 (100 000 IU) to pregnant women in winter. Effects on the serum calcium of their newborns. J Gynecol Biol Reprod 1988; 17: 1099–1105 (in French).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Suarez F, Zeghoud F, Rossignol C, Walrant O, Garabédian M. Association between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and sex-dependent growth during the first two years of life. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82: 2966–2970.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Michèle Garabédian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hanifa Ben-Mekhbi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA

    Michael F. Holick PhD, MD

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Garabédian, M., Ben-Mekhbi, H. (1999). Rickets and Vitamin D Deficiency. In: Holick, M.F. (eds) Vitamin D. Nutrition and Health. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2861-3_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2861-3_16

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-2863-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-2861-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation