Abstract
It is now well established that extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL†) produces significant acute renal side effects. There is strong evidence that chronic effects may also accompany ESWL therapy. The clinical and experimental data that document tissue injury from ESWL are compelling but do not adequately address the factors that are responsible for adverse acute side effects or the conditions that may lead to serious long-term health problems. In order to resolve these issues, it is necessary to determine the precise mechanism by which cells are damaged by ESWL. To accomplish this goal, animal experimentation is required so that the time course and severity of acute and chronic alterations can be followed. Animal models allow whole organ analysis of changes in both structural and functional features. These studies must be designed to give the best approximation of the treatment conditions that are applied to patients. To do this requires an animal model with a kidney that has similar structure and function to that of man. The kidneys of most small animals and many large animals, including the dog, do not mimic human renal anatomy and physiology. The laboratory pig appears to be the best large animal subject for ESWL research. The pig offers a model in which kidney size, renal/urinary anatomy, and characteristics of renal function closely resemble the human. Moreover, the methodology for correlative structure and function analysis in the pig is well established. Preliminary data on the mini-pig suggest that it is an excellent model to study the bioeffects of ESWL in that acute traumatic injury, similar to that reported for patients, is induced at therapeutic levels of shock wave delivery.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Lingeman JE, Woods JR, Toth PD, et al: Role of lithotripsy and its side effects. J Urol 141: 793, 1989.
Chaussy C: Extracorporeal Shock WaveLithotripsy: New Aspects in the Treatment of Kidney Stone Disease. Basel: Karger, 1982.
Lingeman JE, McAteer JA, Kempson SA: Bioeffects of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. J Endourol 1: 89, 1987.
Kaude JV, Williams MC, Millner MR, et al: Renal morphology and function immediately after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. AJR 145: 305, 1985.
Knapp PK, Scott JW, Lingeman JE: Magnetic resonance imaging following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy with the Dornier HM3 lithotripter. J Urol 137: 287, 1987.
Grantham JR, Millner MR, Kaude JV, et al: Renal stone disease treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: short-term observations in 100 patients. Radiology 158: 203, 1986.
Lingeman JE and Kulb TB: Hypertension following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. J Urol 137: 45, 1987.
Lingeman JE, McAteer JA, Kempson SA, et al: Bioeffects of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: strategy for research and treatment. Urol Clin N Am 15: 507, 1988.
Hegazy AR: The effect of ESWL on the kidney: histopathological study. Proceedings of the Fifth World Congress on Endourology and ESWL, Cairo, Egypt, 1987.
Delius M, Enders G, Xuan Z, et al: Biological effects of shock waves: kidney damage by shock waves in dogs dose dependence. Ultrasound Med Biol 14: 117, 1988.
Brendel W: Effect of shock waves on canine kidney. In Gravenstein JS and Peter K (eds): Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy for Renal Stone Disease: Technical and Clinical Aspects. Stoneham: Butterworths, 1986.
Muschter R, Schmeller NT, Scheu W, et al: ESWL and renal damage: an experimental study using the modified Dormer HM3 lithotripter. Proceedings of the Fifth World Congress on Endourology and ESWL, Cairo, Egypt, 1987.
Newman RC, Hackett R, Senior D, et al: Pathologic effects of ESWL on canine renal tissue. Urology 29: 194, 1987.
Hodson CJ: The pig as a model for studying kidney disease in man. In Tumbleson ME (ed): Swine in Biomedical Research. New York: Plenum Press, 1986.
Gattone VH and Evan AP: Quantitative renal vascular casting in nephrology research. SEM 1: 253, 1986.
Richards AN, Westfall BB, Bott PA: Renal excretion of inulin, creatinine, and xylose in normal dogs. Pro Soc Exper Bio Med 32: 73, 1934.
Pitts RF: Renal circulation. In: Physiology of the Kidney and Body Fluids. Chicago: Year Book Publishers, 1968.
McNay RC and Abe Y: Pressure-dependent heterogenecity of renal cortical blood flow in dogs. Circulation Res 27: 571, 1970.
Rudolph AM and Heymann MA: Circulation of the fetus in utero: methods for studying distribution of blood flow, cardiac output and organ blood flow. Circulation Res 21: 163, 1967.
Bevan AT, Hounour AJ, Stott FH: Direct arterial pressure recording in unrestricted man. Clin Sci 36: 329, 1969.
Evan AP, McAteer JA, Steidle CP, et al: Acute renal damage induced by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in the mini-pig. J Urol 141: 228A, 1989.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1989 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Evan, A.P. et al. (1989). The Mini-Pig: An Ideal Large Animal Model for Studies of Renal Injury in Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy Research. In: Lingeman, J.E., Newman, D.M. (eds) Shock Wave Lithotripsy 2. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2052-5_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2052-5_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-2054-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-2052-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive