Abstract
The current worldwide epidemic of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) caused by the human immunodeficiency lentivirus (HIV) presents an unprecedented challenge for vaccine prevention and immunotherapy. Never before have we have been faced with an organism which so successfully persists and evades the host defenses while going about its insidious but apparently inevitable destruction of the immune system. Contrary to more conventional viruses, neutralizing antibodies to the external envelope glycoprotein provide only partial, incomplete protection against HIV infection and, under some circumstances, may even enhance infection. Virus envelope mutations lead to changes in neutralization epitopes and cell tropism and may cause an increased virulence with disease progression. Escape from immune surveillance by hiding within cells may also pose a major hurdle to elimination of the virus via natural or vaccine-induced immunity. At the present time the target antigen(s) for vaccine induction of protective immunity against HIV or any other lentivirus is simply unknown. Presumably, cell mediated immunity against cell-associated virus core and envelope antigens plays an important role, both in protection and, possibly, in causing immunopathology. To help us sort our way through this biologic maze and develop successful vaccines and antiviral therapies, we need animal lentivirus models that resemble AIDS.
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Gardner, M.B. (1989). SIV Infected Rhesus Macaques: An AIDS Model for Immunoprevention and Immunotherapy. In: Atassi, M.Z. (eds) Immunobiology of Proteins and Peptides V. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2046-4_26
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2046-4_26
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