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Chemical Pathology of Diseases Involving Myelin

  • Chapter
Myelin

Abstract

As emphasized in Chapter 5, myelin is a very plentiful substance, comprising 50% of brain white matter and possibly an even larger percentage of myelinated peripheral nerves. Since myelin is a cellular component, it is dependent for its maintenance on the integrity of the generating cell, either the oligodendroglial cell in the central nervous system (CNS) or the Schwann cell in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Although the nature of the biological relationship is unclear, myelin is also absolutely dependent on the integrity of the axon that it invests. As a consequence of these dependencies, many disorders of the nervous system that affect general cell functioning, and all those that result in the death of neurons, will involve a loss of myelin. Because of the normally high concentration of myelin and its characteristic composition, such losses are relatively easy to detect both histologically and chemically and can be a significant pathological finding in a multitude of conditions. It is, however, not always clear whether myelin loss should be considered a significant event in the disease process or whether it is incidental to some more primary damage.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology and the Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, New York, 10461, USA

    William T. Norton & Wendy Cammer

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  1. William T. Norton
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  2. Wendy Cammer
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  1. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

    Pierre Morell

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© 1984 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Norton, W.T., Cammer, W. (1984). Chemical Pathology of Diseases Involving Myelin. In: Morell, P. (eds) Myelin. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1830-0_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1830-0_11

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