Abstract
Among the new diagnostic methods in cardiology, echocardiography is certainly the most informative. The field has grown so rapidly in recent years that it is almost impossible to keep up with the new technical developments and their application in patient care. The principle of the method is based upon the detection of echoes produced by a beam of short ultrasound pulses transmitted into the heart. Ultrasound is harmless at the energy levels used. The examination can thus readily and repeatedly be used without untoward effects to the patient making it the ideal method for serial analysis and follow-up studies.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
I. Edler, Ch. Hertz, Use of ultrasonic reflectoscope for continuous recording of movements of heart walls. Kungl Fysiogr Sällsk Forhandl (Lund) 24: 5, 1954.
J. Roelandt, “Practical echocardiology”. Research Studies Press, Forest Grove, (1977).
H. Feigenbaum, “Echocardiography”. 3rd Edn, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, (1981).
A. J. Tajik, J. B. Seward, D. J. Hagler, D. D. Mair, J. T. Lie, Two-dimensional real time ultrasonic imaging of the heart and great vessels. Technique, Image Orientation, Structure identification and validation. Mayo Clin Proc 53: 271–303, (1978).
W. H. Henry, A. N. DeMaria, R. Gramiak, et al, Report of the American Society of Echocardiography Committee on Nomenclature and Standards in two-dimensional echocardiography. Circulation 60: 212–17, (1980).
J. W. Helak, T. Plappert, A. Muhammad, N. Reichek, Two dimensional echocardiographic imaging of the left ventricle: comparison of mechanical and phased array systems in vitro. Am J. Cardio 48: 728–35, (1981).
P. M. Nichol, B. W. Gilbert, J. A. Kisslo, Two-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of mitral stenosis. Circulation 55: 120, (1977).
L. S. Wann, A. E. Weyman, H. Feigenbaum, J. C. Dillon, K. W. Johnston, R. C. Eggleton, Determination of mitral valve area by cross-sectional echocardiography. Ann Intern Med 88: 337, (1978).
L. W. Eaton, J. L. Weiss, B. H. Bulkley, J. B. Garrison, M. L. Weisfeldt, Regional cardiac dilatation after acute myocardial infarction: recognition by two-dimensional echocardiography. New Engl J. Med 300: 57–62, (1979).
H. L. Wyatt, M. K. Heng, S. Meerbaum, R. Davidson, E. Corday, Evaluation of models for quantifying ventricular size by two-dimensional echocardiography. Amer J. Cardiol 41: 369, (1978)(abstract).
L. W. Eaton, W. L. Maughan, A. A. Shoukas, J. L. Weiss, Accurate volume determination in the isolated ejecting canine left ventricle by two-dimensional echocardiography. Circulation 60: 320–26, (1979).
K. W. Carr, R. L. Engler, J. R. Forsythe, Measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction by mechanical cross sectional echocardiography. Circulation 59; 1196–1206, (1979).
W. Bommer, L. Weinert, A. Neumann, J. Neff, D. T. Mason, A. N. DeMaria, Determination of right atrial and right ventricular size by two-dimensional echocardiography. Circulation 60: 91–100, (1979).
N. B. Schiller, H. Acquatella, T. A. Ports, et al, Left ventricular volume from paired biplane two-dimensional echocardiography. Circulation 60: 547–555, (1979).
E. D. Folland, A. F. Parisi, P. F. Moynihan, D. R. Jones, C. L. Feldman, D. E. Tow, Assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction and volumes by real-time, two-dimensional echocardiography: a comparison of cineangiographic and radionuclide techniques. Circulation 60: 760–66 (1979).
A. S. Pearlman, J. G. Stevenson, D. W. Baker, Doppler echocardiography: applications, limitations and future directions. Amer J Cardiol 46: 1256–62, (1980).
R. S. Meltzer, E. G. Tickner, T. P. Sahines, R. L. Popp, The source of ultrasonic contrast effect. J. Clin Ultrasound 8: 121–7, (1980).
J. Roelandt, R. S. Meltzer, P. W. Serruys, Contrast echocardiography of the left ventricle. In Meltzer R. S. and Roelandt J (editors), “Contrast Echocardiography”, Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, (1982), p. 72–85.
D. R. Pieroni, J. Varghese, R. M. Freedom, R. D. Rowe, The sensitivity of contrast echocardiography in detecting intracardiac shunts. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn 5: 19, (1979).
R. S. Meltzer, D. Van Hoogenhuyze, P. W. Serruys, M. M. P. Haalebos, P. G. Hugenholtz, J. Roelandt, Diagnosis of tricuspid regurgitation by contrast echocardiography. Circulation 63: 1093–99, (1981).
R. E. Kerber, J. M. Kioschos, R. M. Lauer, Use of ultrasonic contrast method in the diagnosis of valvular regurgitation and intracardiac shunts. Am J Cardiol 34:722, (1974).
A. Reale, F. Pizzuto, P. A. Gioffré, A. Nigri, F. Romeo, E. Martuscelli, E. Mangier, G. Scibilia, Contrast echocardiography: transmission of echoes to the left heart across the pulmonary vascular bed. Europ Heart J 1: 101, (1980).
W. Bommer, J. Neef, A. Naumann, L. Weinert, G. Lee, D. T. Mason, A. N. DeMaria, Indicator-dilution curves obtained by photometric analysis of two-dimensional echocontrast studies. Am J Cardiol 41: 370, (1978) (abstract).
D. J. Hagler, A. J. Tajik, K. B. Seward, D. D. Mair, D. G. Ritter, E. L. Ritman, Videodensitometric quantitation of left-to-right shunts with contrast sector echocardiography. Circulation 57–58 (suppl 11): 11–70, (1978)(abstract).
J. L. Weiss, M. L. Weisfeldt, S. J. Mason, J. B. Garrison, S. V. Livengood, N. J. Fortuin, Evidence of Frank-Starling effect in man during severe semisupine exercise. Circulation 59: 655–661, (1979).
L. S. Wann, J. V. Paris, R. H. Childress, J. C. Dillon, A. E. Weyman, H. Feigenbaum, Exercise cross-sectional echocardiography in ischemic heart disease. Circulation 60: 1300–8 (1979).
M. G. St John Sutton, M. St. John Sutton, P. Oldershaw, R. Sacchetti, M. Paneth, S. C. Lennox, R. V. Gibson, D. G. Gibson, Valve replacement without preoperative cardiac catheterization. New Engl J Med 305; 1233, (1982).
J. Roelandt, R. S. Meltzer, P. W. Serruys. Contrast echocardiography of the left ventricle. In Rijsterborgh H. (ed), “Echocardiology”, Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, (1981), p. 219.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1984 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Roelandt, J. (1984). Echocardiography: Present State of the Art. In: Chazov, E.I., Smirnov, V.N., Oganov, R.G. (eds) Cardiology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1824-9_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1824-9_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-1826-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-1824-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive