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The Different Classes of Proteic and Peptidic Substances Present in the Pineal Gland

  • Chapter
The Pineal Gland and its Endocrine Role

Part of the book series: NATO Advanced Science Institutes Series ((NSSA,volume 65))

Abstract

It is now well known that the pineal gland is principally involved in long-term adaptation of functions such as reproduction to environmental conditions. The mechanism by which the pineal acts on the gonadal axis is, however, not yet known. Recently it has been hypothesized that the 5-methoxyindoles (melatonin, 5-methoxytryptamine, 5-methoxytryptophan, 5-methoxytryptophol and 5-methoxyindole-3acetic acid) synthesized by the pineal gland as well as by the retina, Harderian gland and intestine would be implicated in a system by which the pineal and some other organs such as the brain would be able to perceive, to differentiate and to integrate environmental information such as photoperiod, temperature, food, etc. In response, the pineal, then, would synthesize and release proteic/peptidic hormone(s) which would act on the reproductive axis (Pévet et al., 1981b; Pévet and Haldar-Misra, 1982). Considering this hypothesis, the study of the pineal active proteic/peptidergic fractions — the discovery of which dates back as far as the 1920’s — appears to be of fundamental interest. According to the literature, the pineal appears to contain a large number of proteic or peptidic compounds, some of them being identified or partially characterized, others not (see table 1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Netherlands Institute for Brain Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Paul Pévet

  2. Dept. of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Paul Pévet

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  1. Paul Pévet
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  1. National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    J. Axelrod

  2. University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    F. Fraschini

  3. University of Verona, Verona, Italy

    G. P. Velo

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Pévet, P. (1983). The Different Classes of Proteic and Peptidic Substances Present in the Pineal Gland. In: Axelrod, J., Fraschini, F., Velo, G.P. (eds) The Pineal Gland and its Endocrine Role. NATO Advanced Science Institutes Series, vol 65. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1451-7_7

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