Abstract
Despite unprecedented success, modern neuroscience continues to face many cardinal issues in relation to the overall nature of brain function. Among such quandaries, that of the essentially intrinsic or extrinsic organization of nervous system activity must be considered fundamental. A general approach to this problem was proposed by Immanuel Kant (1781) in relation to cognition, which he deemed to be an innate or “a prioristic” property. The opposite approach was taken by William James (1890), who viewed cognition as extrinsic in nature.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alonso A, deCurtis M, and Llinás, R (1990): Postsynaptic Hebbian and Non-Hebbian Long-term Potentiation of Synaptic Efficacy in the Entorhinal Cortex in slices and in the Isolated adult Guinea-Pig brain. PNAS 87 : 9280–9284.
Alonso A, Llinás, R (1989): Subthreshold Na-dependent theta-like rhythmicity in stellate cells of entorhinal cortex layer II. Nature (Lond) 342 : 175–177
Benardo LS, Foster RE (1986): Oscillatory behavior in inferior olive neurons: mechanism, modulation, cell aggregates. Brain Res Bull 17 : 773–784
Bland BH (1986): The physiology and pharmacology of hippocampal formation theta rhythms. Prog Neurobiol 26 : 1–54
Bliss TV, and Lomo T (1973): Long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the dentate area of the anaesthetized rabbit following stimulation of the perforant path. J Physiol (Lond) 232:331–356
Bouyer JJ, Montaron F, Vahneed JM, Albert MP, Rougeul A (1987): Anatomical localization of cortical beta rhythms in cat. Neuroscience 22: 863–869
Brown GT (1911): The intrinsic factors in the act of progression in the mammal. Proc R Soc B 84: 308–319
Colonnier M (1967): The fine structural arrangement of the cortex. Arch Neurol 16 : 651–657
Connor JA, Stevens CF (1971): Voltage clamp studies of a transient outward membrane current in gastropod neural somata. J Physiol 213 : 21–30
Ferster D (1988): Spatially opponent excitation and inhibition in simple cells of the cat visual cortex. J Neurosci 8 : 1172–1180
Gray CM, Engel AK, Konig P, Singer W (1990): Stimulus-dependent neuronal oscillations in cat visual cortex: receptive field properties and feature dependence. Eur J Neurosci 2: 607–619
Gray CM, Konig P, Engel AK, Singer W (1989): Oscillatory responses in cat visual cortex exhibit inter-columnar synchronization which reflects global stimulus properties. Nature 338 : 334–337
Gray CM, Singer W (1989): Stimulus-specific neuronal oscillations in orientation columns of cat visual cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci 86 : 1698–1702
Grillner S (1985): Motor acts in vertebrates. Science 228 : 143–149
Hagiwara S, Kusano K, Saito N (1961): Membrane changes of Onchidium nerve cell in potassium-rich media. J Physiol 155:470–489
Jahnsen H, Llinás, R (1984a): Electrophysiological properties of guinea-pig thalamic neurones: an in vitro study. J Physiol (Lond) 349 : 205–226
Jahnsen H, Llinás R (1984b): Ionic basis for the electro responsiveness and oscillatory properties of guinea-pig thalamic neurons in-vitro. J Physiol (Lond) 349 : 227–248
James W(1890): Principles of Psychology. New York: Repro. Dover, 1950 ed
Jones KA, Baughman RW (1988): NMDA- and non-NMDA-receptor components of excitatory synaptic potentials recorded from cells in layer V of rat visual cortex. J Neurosci 8: 3522–3534
Kant E (1781): Critique of Pure Reason. Garden City: Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1966 ed
Larson J, Wong D, Lynch G (1986): Induction of synaptic potentiation in hippocampus by patterned stimulation involves two events. Science 232 : 985–988
Llinás R (1988): The intrinsic electrophysiological properties of mammalian neurons: insights into central nervous system function. Science 242 : 1654–1664
Llinás R (1990): Intrinsic electrical properties of mammalian neurons and CNS function. In: Fidia Research Foundation Neuroscience Award Lectures. New York: Raven Press
Llinás R, Geijo-Barrientos E (1989): In vitro studies of mammalian thalamic and reticularic thalamic neurons. In: Cellular Thalamic Mechanisms, Bentivoglio M, Spreafico R, eds. Amsterdam: Elsevier
Llinás R, Grace AA (1989): Intrinsic 40 Hz oscillatory properties of layer IV neurons in guinea pig cerebral cortex in vitro. Soc Neurosci Abst 15 : 660
Llinás R, Pare D. Of Dreaming and Wakefulness. Neuroscience 44:3 521–535, 1991.
Llinás RR, Grace AA, Yarom Y (1991): In vitro neurons in mammalian cortical layer 4 exhibit intrinsic oscillatory activity in the 10- to 50-Hz frequency range. PNAS 88 : 897–901
Llinás R, Sasaki K (1989): The functional organization of the olivo-cerebellar system as examined by multiple Purkinje cell recordings. European J Neuroscience 1: 587— 602
Llinás R, Sugimori M (1980): Electrophysiological properties of in vitro Purkinje cell somata in mammalian cerebellar slices. J Physiol (Lond) 305:171–195
Llinás R, Yarom Y (1981 a): Electrophysiology of mammalian inferior olivary neurones in vitro. Different types of voltage-dependent ionic conductances. J Physiol (Lond) 315 : 549–567
Llinás R, Yarom Y (1981 b): Properties and distribution of ionic conductances generating electroresponsiveness of mammalian inferior olivary neurones in vitro. J Physiol (Lond) 315 : 569–584
Llinás R, Yarom Y (1986): Oscillatory properties of guinea-pig inferior olivary neurons and their pharmacological modulation: an in vitro study. J Physiol (Lond) 376:163–182
Nowycky MC, Fox AP, Tsien RW (1985): Three types of neuronal calcium channel with different calcium agonist sensitivity. Nature 316 : 440–443
Ramon y Cajal S (1904): Histologie du Systeme Nerveux de l’Homme et des Vertebrés. Madrid: Instituto Ramon y Cajal
Sherrington C (1906): The Integrative Action of the Nervous System. New Haven: Yale University Press
Steriade M, Domich L, Oakson G (1986): Reticularis thalamic neurons revisited: activity changes during shifts in states of vigilance. J Neurosci 6: 68–81
Steriade M, Gloor P, Llinás RR, Lopes da Silva F, Mesulam MM (1990a): Basic Mechanisms of Cerebral Rhythmic Activities. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 76:481–508
Steriade M, Jones EG, Llinás RR (1990b): Thalamic Oscillations and Signalling. New York: John Wiley & Sons
Walton KD, Yarom Y, Llinás R (1990): Intrinsic subthreshold 10–50 Hz membrane oscillations in interneurons in the fourth layer of the frontal cortex. Neurosci Soc Abst 16 : 1134
Yarom Y, Llinás R (1990): Intracellular autostimulation of in vitro guinea-pig thalamic neurons (TH) utilizing a hardware bio-electric re-entry system. Soc Neurosci Abst 16:955
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1992 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Llinás, R.R. (1992). Oscillations in CNS Neurons: A Possible Role for Cortical Interneurons in the Generation of 40-Hz Oscillations. In: Başar, E., Bullock, T.H. (eds) Induced Rhythms in the Brain. Brain Dynamics. Birkhäuser, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1281-0_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1281-0_15
Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-1283-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-1281-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive