Abstract
Human schistosomiasis is an illness that infects and debilitates in excess of 200 million people in more than 70 countries in the tropical areas of the world. It is small wonder that massive amounts of money and time are consumed in seeking means to treat, control, and prevent this widespread scourge upon mankind. Economic conditions in the areas of the world where this condition is most prevalent are such that there is a constant search for less costly, more effective means of treatment. One aspect of that research is the seeking out of new target systems within the schistosomes which may be vulnerable to chemotherapy and, hence, provide another means of attack upon this agent. To date, chemotherapeutic attack has focused on three primary targets in the causative organism: portions of the glycolytic pathway, egg formation, and the nervous system (see Senft, 1969, and Cheng, 1977 for reviews). However, the exact mechanisms by which most drugs affect the particular target systems are not well understood, and are, for the most part, empirical in that effects have been widely observed but only sketchily explained.
Supported in part by a grant from the Edna McConnell Clark Foundation (No. 275–0041)
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bensch, K. G. and Malawista, S. E. (1969). Microtubular crystals in mammalian cells. J. Cell Biol., 40, 95–107.
Bogitsh, B. J. (1968). Cytochemical and ultrastructural observations on the tegument of the trematode Megalodiscus temperatus. Trans. Am. Micros. Soc., 87, 477–486.
Bogitsh, B. J. (1977). Schistosoma mansoni: colchicine and vinblastine effects on schistosomule digestive tract development in vitro. Exp. Parasitol., 43, 180–188.
Bogitsh, B. J. and Carter, O. S. (1977). Schistosoma mansoni: ultrastructural studies on the esophageal secretory granules. J. Parasitol., 63, 681–686.
Cheng, T. C. (1977). The control of parasites: the role ot the parasite. Uptake mechanisms and metabolic interference in parasites as related to chemotherapy. Proc. Helminth. Soc. Wash., 44, 2–17.
Chu, L. L. H., MacGregor, R. R., and Cohn, D. V. (1977). Energydependent intracellular translocation of proparathormone. J. Cell Biol., 72, 1–10.
Dike, S. C. (1971). Ultrastructure of the esophageal region in Schistosoma mansoni. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 20, 552–568.
Ernst, S. C. (1975). Biochemical and cytochemical studies of digestive-absorptive functions of esophagus, cecum, and tegument in Schistosoma mansoni: acid phosphatase and tracer studies. J. Parasitol., 61, 633–647.
Halton, D. W. and Dermott, E. (1967). Electron microscopy of certain gland cells in two digenetic trematodes. J. Parasitol., 53, 1186–1191.
Hoffstein, S., Goldstein, I. M., and Weissmann, G. (1977) . Role of microtubule assembly in lysosomal enzyme secretion from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. A reevaluation. J. Cell Biol., 73, 242–256.
Kusel, J. R., Sher, A., Perez, H., Clegg, J. A., and Smithers, S. R. (1975) . The use of radioactive isotopes in the study of specific schistosome membrane antigens. In “Nuclear Techniques in Helminthology Research” IV. p. 127–143. Intl. Atom. Energy Agency, Vienna.
Lacy, P. E., Howell, S. L., Young, D. A., and Fink, C. J. (1968) . New hypothesis of insulin secretion. Nature, 219, 1177–1179.
LeMarchand, Y., Singh, A., Assimacopoulos-Jeannet, R., Orci, L., Rouiller, C., and Jean-Renaud, B. (1973) . A role for the microtubular system in the release of very low density lipoproteins by perfused mouse livers. J. Biol. Chem., 248, 6862–6870.
Lumsden, R. D. (1966) . Cytological studies on the absorptive surfaces of cestodes. II. The synthesis and intracellular transport of protein in the strobilar integument of Hymenolepis diminuta. Zeit. Parasitenk., 28, 1–13.
Lumsden, R. D. (1975a) . Surface ultrastructure and cytochemistry of parasitic helminths. Exp. Parasitol., 37, 267–339.
Lumsden, R. D. (1975b) The tapeworm tegument: a model structure and function in host-parasite relationships. Trans. Amer. Micros. Soc., 94, 501–507.
Morris, G. P. and Threadgold, L. T. (1968) . Ultrastructure of the tegument of adult Schistosoma mansoni. J. Parasitol., 54, 15–27.
Oaks, J. and Lumsden, R. D. (1971) . Cytological studies on the absorptive surfaces of cestodes. V. Incorporation of carbohydrate containing macromolecules into tegument membranes. J. Parasitol., 57, 1256–1268.
Reaven, E. P. and Reaven, G. M. (1975) . A quantitative ultrastructural study of microtubule content and secretory granule accumulation in parathyroid glands of phosphate- and colchicine-treated rats. J. Clin. Invest., 56, 49–55.
Redman, C. M., Banerjee, D., Howell, K., and Palade, G. E. (1975) . Colchicine inhibition of plasma protein release from rat hepatocytes. J. Cell Biol., 66, 42–59.
Rifkin, E. (1971). Interaction between Schistosoma mansoni schistosomules and penetrated mouse skin at the ultrastructural level. In “The Biology of Symbiosis” p. 25–43. (T. C. Cheng, ed.). University Park Press, Baltimore, Maryland.
Senft, A. W. (1969). Considerations of schistosome physiology in the search for antibilharziasis drugs. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 160, 571–592.
Shannon, W. A. and Bogitsh, B. J. (1971). Megalodiscus temperatus: comparative radioautography of glucose -3H and galactose -3H incorporation. Exp. Parasitol., 29, 309–319.
Spence, L. M. and Silk, M. H. (1970). Ultrastructural studies of the blood fluke — Schistosoma mansoni. IV. The digestive system. S. Afr. J. Med. Sci., 35, 93–112.
Stein, O. and Stein, Y. (1973). Colchicine-induced inhibition of very low density lipoprotein release by rat liver in vivo. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 306, 142–147.
Stein, O., Sanger, L., and Stein, Y. (1974). Colchicine-induced inhibition of lipoprotein and protein secretion into the serum and lack of interference with secretion of biliary phospholipids and cholesterol by rat liver in vivo. J. Cell Biol., 62, 90–103.
Stein, P. and Lumsden, R. D. (1973). Schistosoma mansoni: topochemical features of cercariae, schistosomula, and adults. Exp. Parasitol.,33, 499–514.
Wikel, S. K. and Bogitsh, B. J. (1974). Schistosoma mansoni: penetration apparatus and epidermis of the miracidium. Exp. Parasitol., 36, 342–354.
Williams, J. A. and Wolff, J. (1970). A possible role of microtubules in thyroid secretion. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , 67, 1901–1908.
Wilson, L., Bamburg, J. R., Mizel, S. B., Grisham, L. M., and Cresswell, K. (1974). Interaction of drugs with microtubule proteins. Fed. Proc., 33, 158–166.
Wilson, R. A. and Barnes, P. E. (1974). The tegument of Schistosoma mansoni: observations on the formation, structure, and composition of cytoplasmic inclusions in relation to tegument function. Parasitology, 68, 239–258.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1978 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bogitsh, B.J. (1978). Use of Schistosomes for Pharmacological Research. In: Bulla, L.A., Cheng, T.C. (eds) Invertebrate Models for Biomedical Research. Comparative Pathobiology, vol 4. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1278-0_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1278-0_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-1280-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-1278-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive