Mining Surveys

Abstract

Surveying and mapping practice in the mining industry encompasses most surveying fields; its main difference is that it has a direct effect on the safety of people working in the mines. Accurate surveys and reliable maps are a prerequisite to a successful mining operation. If an accident occurs, such as a roof fall or an onrush of water or oxygen-deficient air, surveying operations must be performed immediately to aid in rescue efforts. Time is important, and confidence in the surveying and mapping system of the mine is essential. If a rescue borehole is needed, a spatial position must be promptly established on the surface or in an adjacent mine; a good surface-underground three-dimensional coordinate system is required.