Abstract
Both quantitative and qualitative assessment of normal cardiovascular function differ with age of the organism studied [1–4]. Thus, functional studies of the normal heart at a single age are incomplete and represent only a point on a continuum. A full understanding of heart function in stressful or pathologic states must consider that age-related changes modify the substrate upon which the stress or disease process is superimposed and that the expression of a given pathologic state is not solely due to the disease per se, but represents an age—disease interaction. Striking examples of this interaction can be observed in cardiac overload states [5] or in the effect of adaptation of the myocardium to chronic physical conditioning [6].
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References
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Lakatta, E.G. (1984). Aging of the Adult Heart. In: Sperelakis, N. (eds) Physiology and Pathophysiology of the Heart. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 34. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1171-4_27
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1171-4_27
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