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Renal System

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Medical Neuropsychology

Part of the book series: Critical Issues in Neuropsychology ((CINP))

Abstract

The incidence of renal disorders requiring end-stage care (e.g., dialysis or transplantation) is approximately 59 per million person yr (Sugimoto & Rosansky, 1984). The present chapter considers the neuropsychological impairments associated with renal failure and chronic hemodialysis. Research findings on renal transplantation, though limited, are also included. The chapter is organized into three major sections. First, discussion focuses on clinical syndromes associated with renal failure and hemodialysis treatment and the behavioral changes that occur between individual dialysis sessions. Next, research findings pertaining to neuropsychological impairments in chronic renal failure and chronic hemodialysis are summarized. Within this section, studies are organized in terms of (a) general intelligence, (b) memory, and (c) attentional processes. The final sections discuss rehabilitation, summarize methodological issues, and propose directions for future research. Behavioral research on renal disorders has been beset by methodological problems related to the complex interactions between chronic medical conditions and central nervous system dysfunction. Additional methodological issues are of particular relevance in the renal population, for example, short-term changes in toxic uremic status in assessing the effect of dialysis treatment on neuropsychological function.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, and Division of Neurological Surgery, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23298, USA

    Robert P. Hart

  2. Departments of Rehabilitation Medicine and Psychiatry, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23298, USA

    Jeffrey S. Kreutzer

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  1. Robert P. Hart
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  2. Jeffrey S. Kreutzer
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, and Western Psychiatric Institute & Clinic, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

    Ralph E. Tarter  & Kathleen L. Edwards  & 

  2. Department of Gastroenterology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

    David H. Van Thiel

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© 1988 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Hart, R.P., Kreutzer, J.S. (1988). Renal System. In: Tarter, R.E., Van Thiel, D.H., Edwards, K.L. (eds) Medical Neuropsychology. Critical Issues in Neuropsychology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1165-3_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1165-3_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-1167-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-1165-3

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