Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Campylobacter Infections

  • Chapter
Bacterial Infections of Humans

Abstract

Campylobacters are gram-negative, vibriolike organisms that cause diarrheal and systemic illness in man and a number of diseases in wild and domestic animals. The name Campylobacter, meaning “curved rod” in Greek, was given to these organisms when it was found that they differed in their biochemical characteristics from true members of the genus Vibrio. At present, seven distinct organisms comprise the genus Campylobacter, but only two of them, C. fetus subsp. jejuni and C. fetus subsp. intestinalis, have been recognized to cause human disease. Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni is now known to be a common cause of diarrheal illness worldwide. Because C. fetus subsp. intestinalis is an uncommon human pathogen that affects debilitated hosts, most interest has focused on C. fetus subsp. jejuni and the diarrheal illness it causes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Abbott, J. D., Dales, B., Eldridge, J., Jones, D. M., and Sutcliffe, E. M., Serotyping of Campylobacter jejuni/coli, J. Clin. Pathol. 33:762–766 (1980).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Atherton, J. G., and Ricketts, S. W., Campylobacter infection from foals, Vet. Rec. 107 (11):264–265 (1980).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Bekassy, A. N., Enell, H., and Schalen, C., Severe polyarthritis following campylobacter enteritis in a 12year old boy, Acta Pediatr. Scand. 69:269–273 (1980).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Billingham, J. D., Campylobacter enterities in the Gambia, Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 75:641–644 (1981).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Blaser, M. J., Berkowitz, I. D., Laforce, F. M., Cravens, J., Reller, L. B., and Wang, W.-L. L., Campylobacter enteritis: Clinical and epidemiologic features, Ann. Intern. Med. 91:179–185 (1979).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Blaser, M. J., Checko, P., Bopp, C., and Hughes, J., Foodborne Campylobacter enteritis, Abstract presented at the 81st Annual Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, Dallas, Texas, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Blaser, M. J., Cravens, J., Powers, B. W., Laforce, F. M., and Wang, W.-L. L., Campylobacter enteritis associated with unpasteurized milk, Am. J. Med. 67:715–718 (1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Blaser, M. J., Cravens, J., Powers, B. W., and Wang, W.-L. L., Campylobacter enteritis associated with canine infection, Lancet 2:979–981 (1978).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Blaser, M. J., Glass, R. I., Hug, I., Stoll, B., Kibriya, G. M., and Alim, A. R., Isolation of Campylobacter fetus ssp. jejuni from Bangladeshi children. J. Clin. Microbiol. 12:744–747 (1980).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Blaser, M. J., Hardesty, H. L., Powers, B., and Wang, W.-L. L., Survival of Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni in biological milieus, J. Clin. Microbiol. 11:309–313 (1980).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Blaser, M. J., Laforce, F. M., Wilson, N. A., and Wang, W.-L. L., Reservoirs for human campylobacteriosis, J. Infect. Dis. 141:665–669 (1980).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Blaser, M. J., Parsons, R. B., and Wang, W.-L. L., Acute colitis caused by Campylobacter fetus ssp. jejuni, Gastroenterology 78:448 (1980).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Blaser, M. J., Reller, L. B., Leuchtefeld, N. W., and Wang, W.-L. L., Campylobacter enteritis in Denver West. J. Med. 136:287–290 (1982).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Blaser, M. J., Waldman, R. J., Barrett, T., and Erlandson, A. L., Outbreaks of Campylobacter enteritis in two extended families: Evidence for person to person transmission, J. Pediatr. 98:254–257, (1981).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Blaser, M. J., Wang, W.-L. L., Parsons, R. B., and Wilson, N. L., Clinical features of Campylobacter enteritis in man, in: Current Chemotherapy and Infectious Diseases, Proceedings of the 19th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, October 1–5, 1979, Boston, Massachusetts, pp. 937–938, American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C., 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Bokkenheuser, V., Vibrio fetus infection in man. I. Ten new cases and some epidemiologic observations, Am. J. Epidemiol. 91:400–409 (1970).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Bokkenheuser, V. D., Richardson, N. J., Bryner, J. H., Roux, D. J., Schutte, A. B., Koornhof, H. J., Freiman, I., and Hartman, E., Detection of enteric campylobacteriosis in children, J. Clin. Microbiol. 9:227–232 (1979).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Bruce, D., Zochowski, W., and Ferguson, I. R., Campylobacter enteritis, Br. Med. J. 2:1219 (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  19. Brunton, W. A. T., and Heggie, D., Campylobacter associated diarrhea in Edinburgh, Br. Med. J. 2:956 (1977).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Butzler, J. P., Related vibrios in Africa, Lancet 2:858 (1973).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Butzler, J. P., Dekeyser, P., Detrain, M., and Dehaen, F., Related vibrio in stools, J. Pediatr. 82:493–495 (1973).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Butzler, J. P., and Skirrow, M. B., Campylobacter enteritis, Clin. Gastroenterol. 8:737–765 (1979).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Cadranel, S., Rodesch, P., Butzler, J. P., and Dekeyser, P., Enteritis due to “related vibrio” in children. Am. J. Dis. Child. 126:152–155 (1973).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Centers for Disease Control, Campylobacter enteritis in a household-Colorado, Morbid. Mortal. Weekly Rep. 28:273–274 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  25. Centers for Disease Control, Isolation Techniques for Use in Hospitals, 2nd ed., Cdc, Atlanta, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Centers for Disease Control, Waterborne campylobacter gastroenteritis-Vermont, Morbid. Mortal. Weekly Rep. 27:207 (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  27. Communicable Disease Surveillance Center (United Kingdom), Campylobacter infections in Britain 1977, Br. Med. J. 1:1357 (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  28. Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre (United Kingdom), Reports of campylobacter isolates in 1978, Communicable Disease Report 79/17 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  29. Dales B., Campylobacter enteritis, Br. Med. J. 2:318 (1977).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Dekeyser, P., Gossvin-Detrain, M., Butzler, J. P., and Sternon, J., Acute enteritis due to related vibrio: First positive stool cultures, J. Infect. Dis. 125:390–392 (1972).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. De Mol, P., and Bosmans, E., Compylobdcter enteritis in Central Africa, Lancet 1:604 (1978).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. De Mol, P., Brasseur, D., Lauwers, S., Zissis, G., and Butzler, J. P., Campylobacter: An important enteropathogen in a tropical area, Abstract 696 presented at the 20th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Delorme, L., Lambert, T., Branger, C., and Acar, J. F., Enteritides due to Campylobacter jejuni in the Paris area, Med. Malad. Infect. 9:675–681 (1979).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Doyle, L. P., A vibrio associated with swine dysentery, Am. J. Vet. Res. 5:3–5 (1944).

    Google Scholar 

  35. Fernie, D. S., and Park, R. W. A., The isolation and nature of campylobacters (microaerophilic vibrios) from laboratory and wild rodents, J. Gen. Microbiol. 10:325–329 (1977).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Franklin, B., and Ulmer, D. D., Uuman infection with Vibrio fetus, West. J. Med. 120:200–204 (1974).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. George, H. A., Hoffman, P. S., Smibert, R. M., and Krieg, N. R., Improved media for growth and aerotolerance of Campylobacter fetus, J. Clin. Microbiol. 8:36–41 (1978) .

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Craf, J., Schar, G., and Heinzer, I., Campylobacterjejuni-Enteritis in der Schweiz, Schweiz. Med. Wochenschr. 110:590–595 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  39. Grant, I. H., Richardson, N. J., and Bokkenheuser, V. D., Broiler chickens as potential source of campylobacter infections in humans, J.Clin. Microbiol. 11:508–510 (1980) .

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Guerrant, R. L., Lahita R. G., Winn, W. C., and Roberts, R. B., Campylobacteriosis in man: Pathogenic mechanisms and review of 91 bloodstream infections, Am. J. Med. 65:584–592 (1978).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Havalad, S., Chapple, M. J., Kahakachchi, M., and Hargraves, D. B., Convulsions associated with campylobacter enteritis, Br. Med. J. 280:984–985 (1980).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Itoh, T., Saito, K., Maruyama, T., Sakai, S., Ohashi, M., and Oka, A., An outbreak of acute enteritis due to Campylobacter fetus ssp. jejuni at a nursery school in Tokyo, Microbiol. Immunol. 24:371–379 (1980).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Jones D. M., Eldridge, J., and Dales, B., Serological response to Campylobacter jejuni/coli infection, J. Clin. Pathol. 33:767–769 (1980).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Jones, F. S., and Little, R. B., Etiology of infectious diarrhea (winter scours) in cattle, J. Exp.Med. 53:835–843 (1931) .

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Kaplan, R. L., Campylobacter, in: Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 3rd ed. (E. Lennette, ed.), pp. 235–241, American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C., 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Karmali, M. A., and Fleming, P. C., Campylobacter enteritis, Can. Med. Assoc. J. 120:1525–1532 (1979).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Karmali, M. A., and Fleming, P. C., Campylobacter enteritis in children, J. Pediatr. 94:527–533 (1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Karmali, M. A., and Tan, Y. C., Neonatal campylobacter enteritis, Can. Med. Assoc. J. 122:192–193 (1980).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. King, E. O., Human infections with Vibrio fetus and a closely related vibrio, J. Infect. Dis. 101:119–129 (1957).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. King, E. O., The laboratory recognition of Vibrio fetus and a closely related vibrio isolated from cases of human vibriosis, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 98:700–711 (1962).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Kornblatt, A., Personal communication (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  52. Kosunen, T. U., Reactive arthritis after Campylobacter jejuni enteritis in patients with Hla-B27 (letter), Lancet 1:1312 (1980).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Kosunen, T. U., Danielsson, D., and Kjellander, J., Serology of Campylobacter fetus ss. jejuni (related Campylobacters): Demonstration of strain-specific and interstrain-related antigens by immunoelectrophoresis and co-agglutination, Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. 88:207–218 (1980).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Lambert, M. E., Schofield, P. F., Ironside, A. G., and Mandal, B. K., Campylobacter colitis, Br. Med.J. 1:857–859 (1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Lauwers, S., Deboek, M., and Butzler, J. P., Campylobacter enteritis in Brussels, Lancet 1:604–605 (1978).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Leuchtefeld, N. A., and Wang, W.-L. L., Culture survey of Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni at a turkey processing plant, J. Clin. Microbiol. 13:266–268 (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  57. Macfadyean, F., and Stockman, S., Report of the Department Committee Appointed by the Board of Agriculture and Fisheries to Inquire into Epizootic Abortion, Vol. 3, His Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, 1909.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Mann, J., Personal communication (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  59. Mawer, S. L., and Smith, B. A. M., Campylobacter infection of premature baby (lett), Lancet 1:1041(1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Mertens, A., and Desmet, M., Campylobacter cholecystitis, Lancet 1:1092–1093 (1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Norrby, R., Mccloskey, R. V., Zackrisson, G., and Falsen, E., Meningitis caused by Campylobacter fetus ssp. jejuni, Br. Med. J. 1:1164 (1980).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. Pai, C. H., Sorger, S., Lackman, L., Sinai, R. E., and Marks, M. I., Campylobacter gastroenteritis in children, J. Pediatr. 94:589–591 (1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Pearson, A. D., Suckling, W. G., Ricciardi, I. D., Knill, M., and Ware, E., Campylobacter associated diarrhea in Southhampton, Br. Med. J. 2:955–956 (1977).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Penner, J. L., and Hennessey, J. N., Serotyping Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni on the basis of somatic (0) antigens, J.Clin. Microbiol. 12:732–737 (1980).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Pepersack, F., Prigogyne, T., Butzler, J. P., and Yourassowsky, E., Campylobacter jejuni post-transfusional septicemia, Lancet 2:911 (1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Porter, I. A., and Reid, T. M. S., A milk-borne outbreak of campylobacter infection, J. Hyg. 84:415–419 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Prescott, J. F., and Barker, I. K., Campylobacter colitis in gnotobiotic dogs, Vet. Rec. 107(13):314–315 (1980) .

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Prescott, J. F., and Karmali, M. A., Attempts to transmit Campylobacter enteritis to dogs and cats, Can. Med. Assoc. J. 119:1001–1002 (1978).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Redaktie, G., The presence of Campylobacter fetus subspecies jejuni in normal slaughtered pigs, Tijdschr. Diergeneeskd. 105:49–50 (1980) .

    Google Scholar 

  70. Ricciardi, I. D., Ferreira, M. C. S., Otro, S. S., Oliveira, N., Sabra, A. M., Fontes, C. F., Thermophilic Campylobacter-associated diarrhea in Rio de Janeiro, Rev. Bras. Pesqui. Med. Biol. 12:189–191 (1979).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Ringertz, S., Rockhill, R. C., Ringertz, O., and Sutomo, A., Camplylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni as a cause of gastroenteritis in Jakarta, Indonesia, J. Clin. Microbiol. 12:(4):538–540 (1980).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Robinson, D. A., Edgar, W. J., Gibson, G. L., Matcheff, A. A., and Robertson, L., Campylobacter enteritis associated with consumption of unpasteurized milk, Br. Med. J. 1:1171–1173 (1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Ruiz-Pallacios, G. M., Escamilla, E., and Torres, N., Experimental campylobacter diarrhea in chickens. Infect. Immun. 34:250–255 (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  74. Shandera, W., Personal communication (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  75. Simmons, N. A., and Gibbs, F. J., Campylobacter ssp. in oven-ready poultry, J. Infect. 1:159–162 (1979).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  76. Skirrow, M. B., Campylobacter enteritis: A “new” disease, Br. Med. J. 2:9–11 (1977).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Smibert, R. M., Part 6. Spiral and curved bacteria, in: Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 8th ed. (R. E. Buchanan and N. E. Gibbons, eds.), pp. 207–212, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  78. Smibert, R. M., The genus Campylobacter, Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 32:700–773 (1978).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  79. Steele, T. W., and Mcdermott, S., Campylobacter enteritis in South Australia, Med. J. Aust. 2:404–406 (1978).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Svedhem, A., and Kaijser, B., Campy 101 bacteyfetus subspecies jejuni: A common cause of diarrhea in Sweden, J. Infect. Dis. 142:353–359 (1980).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Svedhem, A., and Norkrans, G., Campylobacter jejuni enteritis transmitted from cat to man, Lancet 1:713 (1980).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Taylor, D. E., Degrandis, S. A., Karmali, M. A., and Fleming, P. C., Transmissable tetracycline resistance in Campylobacter jejuni, Lancet 2:797 (1980).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Taylor, D. N., Mcdermott, K. T., Little, J. R., and Blaser, M. J., Waterborne campylobacter enteritis, Abstract presented at the 81st Annual Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, Dallas, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  84. Thomas, K., Chan, K. N., and Ribeiro, C. D., Campylobacter jejuni/coli meningitis In a neonate, Br. Med. J. 280:1301–1302 (1980).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Thompson S., and Borczyk, A., An outbreak Of Campylobacter enteritis-Ontario, Can. Dis. Weekly Rep. 5:113–114 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  86. Tribe, G. W., Incidence of thermophilic campylobacter species in newly imported simian primates with enteritis, Vet. Rec. 105:33 (1979).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  87. Tribe, G. W., and Frank, A., Campylobacter in monkeys, Vet. Rec. 106: 365–366 (1980).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Vanhoof, R., Vanderlinden, M. P., Dierickx, R., Lauwers, S., Yourassowski, E., and Butzler, J. P., Susceptibility of Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni to twenty-nine antimicrobial agents, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 14:553–556 (1978).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Veron, M., and Chatlain, R., Taxonomic study of the genus Campylobacter (Sebald and Veron) and designation of the neotype strain for the type species, Campylobacter fetus (Smith and Taylor) Sebald and Veron, Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 23:122–134 (1973).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  90. Vinzent, R., Dumas, J., and Picard, N., Septicemie grave au cours de la grossesse due à un vibrion: Avortment consécutif, Bull. Acad. Natl. Med. 131:90–93 (1947).

    Google Scholar 

  91. Watson, K. C., Kerr, E. J. C., and Mcfadzean, S. M., Serology of human campylobacter infections, J. Infect. 1:151–158 (1979).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  92. Wright, E. P., Meningism associated with Campylobacter jejuni enteritis, Lancet 1:1092 (1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Wright, E. P., Personal communication (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  94. Young, J. R., Callahan, P., Drew, W. L., and Hadley, W. K., Diarrheal disease associated with isolation of Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni in adults, in: Current Chemotherapy and Infectious Disease, Proceedings of the 19th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, October 1–5, 1979, Boston, Massachusetts, pp. 939–940, American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C., 1980.

    Google Scholar 

Suggested Reading

  • Blaser, M. J., and Reller, L. B., Campylobacter enteritis, Eng. J. Med. 305: 1444–1452 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blaser, M. J., Berkowitz, I. D., Laforce, F. M., Cravens, J., Reller, L. B., and Wang, W.-L. L., Campylobacter enteritis: Clinical and epidemiologic features, Ann. Intern. Med. 91:179–185 (1979).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Butzler, J. P., and Skirrow, M. B., Campylobacter enteritis, Clin. Gastroenterol. 8:737–765 (1979).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaplan, R. L., Campylobacter, in: Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 3rd ed. (E. Lennette, ed.), pp. 235–241, American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C., 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  • King, E. O., Human infections with Vibrio fetus and a closely related vibrio, J. Infect. Dis. 101:119–129 (1957).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Enteric Diseases Branch, Bacterial Diseases Division, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, 30333, USA

    Martin J. Blaser

Authors
  1. Martin J. Blaser
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA

    Alfred S. Evans (John Rodman Paul Professor of Epidemiology) (John Rodman Paul Professor of Epidemiology)

  2. Upstate Medical Center, State University of New York, Syracuse, New York, USA

    Harry A. Feldman

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1982 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Blaser, M.J. (1982). Campylobacter Infections. In: Evans, A.S., Feldman, H.A. (eds) Bacterial Infections of Humans. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1140-0_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1140-0_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-1142-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-1140-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation