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Retinal Degenerations

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Pathological Neurochemistry

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Abstract

This chapter focuses exclusively on retinal degenerations involving the degeneration of photoreceptor cells. The most prevalent types of hereditary retinal degenerations in man and animals fall within this category. Retinitis pigmentosa in man comprises a number of different hereditary retinal diseases having in common the degeneration of photoreceptor cells generally followed by the appearance of pigmentation within the retina that becomes visible with the ophthalmoscope. Hereditary retinal degenerations involving the photoreceptor cells also occur in a wide number of animal species, and these may serve as models of human diseases in which early stages of the disease processes can be studied. The following animal models are considered: Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats, retinal degeneration (rds) mice, mice with a slow form of retinal degeneration (rds), Purkinje cell degeneration (pcd) mice, and several affected dog breeds, including Irish setters with rod-cone dysplasia and collie and miniature poodle dogs with progressive rod-cone degeneration. Consideration is given to nutritionally induced photoreceptor cell degenerations such as vitamin A deficiency in man, rat, and ground squirrel, taurine deficiency in cat and rat, and vitamin E deficiency in rat, dog, and monkey. Consideration is also given to certain agents that can cause selective photoreceptor cell degeneration, including toxic effects of light, free radical formation (i.e., peroxidation), iodoacetate, tunicamycin, and hemicholinium.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Berman-Gund Laboratory for the Study of Retinal Degenerations, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA

    Susan Y. Schmidt

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  1. Susan Y. Schmidt
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  1. Center for Neurochemistry, Wards Island, New York, USA

    Abel Lajtha

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© 1985 Plenum Press, New York

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Schmidt, S.Y. (1985). Retinal Degenerations. In: Lajtha, A. (eds) Pathological Neurochemistry. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0797-7_18

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