Abstract
It has long been known that socioeconomic status (SES) has considerable influence on both size and growth. In the days of the Czars and the Emperors, children whose fathers held menial occupations were systematically smaller than those of the professional class (cf Krogman, 1941). More than 80 years later, in the Ten-State Nutrition Survey of the United States, low per-capita income and low income-to-needs ratios were still associated with smaller size and with delayed ossification timing (Garn and Clark, 1975). It can also be shown that poverty is more growth-depressing for males than for females, even in intrauterine life (Garn, Shaw and McCabe, 1977a).
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References
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© 1984 Springer Science+Business Media New York
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Garn, S.M., Pesick, S.D., Pilkington, J.J. (1984). The Interaction between Prenatal and Socioeconomic Effects on Growth and Development in Childhood. In: Borms, J., Hauspie, R., Sand, E.A., Susanne, C., Hebbelinck, M. (eds) Human Growth and Development. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0743-4_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0743-4_5
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