Abstract
Changes in the metabolism of the human diploid cell line WI-38 during the aging process have been extensively characterized. For example, studies have shown age-associated increases in glycogen content (1), lipid synthesis (2), lipid content (3), the number of lysosomes (4,5) and the specific activities of lysosomal enzymes (6–8). In addition, age related decreases in the specific activities of transketolase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase have also been reported (9). If these age-related changes represent the phenotype of fundamental changes in the expression of the cellular genome, then alterations in chromatin functions could underlie the modulation of the aging process. In this regard, the metabolic alterations mentioned earlier may only reflect functional changes as they occur within the cellular chromatin. However, few reports have been published on age-associated alterations in chromatin functions.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Cristofalo, V.J.,. Howard, B.V. and Kritchevsky, D. 1970. The biochemistry of human cells in culture. In: Organic Biologi cal and Medicinal Chemistry. U. Gallo and L. Santamaria, eds North Holland Publ., Amsterdam, 2: 95.
Rothblat, G., Boyd, R. and Deal, C. 1971. Cholesterol biosyn thesis in WI-38 and WI-38VA13A tissue culture cells. Exp. Cell Res. 67: 436.
Kritchevsky, D8 and Howard, B.V. 1966. The lipids of human diploid cell strain WI-38. Ann. Med. Exp. Biol. Fenn 44: 343.
Lipetz, J. and Cristofalo, V.J. 1972. Ultrastructural change accompanying the aging of human diploid cells in culture. J. Ultrastr. Res. 39: 43.
Robbins, E.5 Levine, E.M. and Eagle, H. 1970. Morphologic changes accompanying senescence of cultured human diploid cells. J. Exp. Med. 131: 1211.
Cristofalo, V.J., Parris, N. and Kritchevsky, D. 1967. Enzyme activity during the growth and aging of human cells in vitro„ J. Cell Physiol. 69: 263.
Wang, K.M., Rose, N.R., Bartholomew, E.A., Balzer, M., Berde, K. and Foldvary, M. 1970. Changes of enzyme activities in human diploid cell line WI-38 at various passages. Exp. Cell Res. 61: 357.
Milisauskas, V. and Rose, N.R. 1973. Immunochemical quanti tation of enzymes in human diploid cell line WI-38. Exp. Cell Res. 81: 279.
Cristofalo, V.J. 1970. Metabolic aspects of aging in diploid human cells. In: Aging in Cell and Tissue Culture. E. Holeckova and V.J. Cristofalo, eds., Plenum Press, New York, p. 83.
Comings, D.E. 1972. The structure and function of chromatin. Advances in Human Genetics 3: 237.
Gurley, L.R. and Hardin, J.M. 1968. The metabolism of histone fractions. I. Synthesis of histone fractions during the life cycle of mammalian cells. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 128: 285.
Butler, W.B. and Mueller, G.C. 1973. Control of histone syn thesis in HeLa cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 294: 481.
Shepherd, G.R., Noland, B.J. and Hardin, J.M. 1971. Histone phosphorylation in synchronized mammalian cell cultures. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 142: 299.
Borun, T.W., Pearson, D. and Paik, W.K. 1972. Studies of histone methylation during the HeLa S-3 cell cycle. J. Biol. Chem. 247: 4288.
Shepherd, G.R., Noland, B.J. and Hardin, J.M. 1971. Histone acetylation in synchronized mammalian cell cultures. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 228: 544.
Rail, S.C. and Cole, R.D. 1971. Amino acid sequence and sequence variability of the amino-terminal regions of lysine-rich histones. J. Biol. Chem. 246: 7175.
Cristofalo, V.J. and Sharf, B.B. 1973. Cellular senescence and DNA synthesis: Thymidine incorporation as a measure of population age in human diploid cells. Exp. Cell Res. 76: 419.
Levine, E.M. 1972. Mycoplasma contamination of animal cell cultures: A simple, rapid detection method. Exp. Cell Res. 74: 99.
Shepherd, G.R., Noland, B.J. and Roberts, C.N. 1970. Phos phorus in histones. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 199: 265.
Volkin, E. and Cohn, W.E. 1954. Estimation of nucleic acids.In: Methods of Biochemical Analysis 1. D. Glick, ed., Inter-science Publishers, p. 287.
Augenlicht, L.H. and Baserga, R, 1973. Preparation and partial fractionation of nonhistone chromosomal proteins from human diploid fibroblasts. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 158: 89*
Rovera, G0, Farber, J. and Baserga, R. 1971. Gene activation in WI-38 fibroblasts stimulated to proliferate. Requirement for protein synthesis. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 68; 1725.
Tsai, R.L. and Green, H. 1973. Rate of RNA synthesis in ghost monolayers obtained from fibroblasts preparing for division. Nature New Biol. 243: 168.
Ryan, J.M. and Cristofalo, V.J. 1972. Histone acetylation during aging of human cells in culture. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 48: 735.
Pogo, B.G.T*, Allfrey, V.G. and Mirsky, A.E. 1966* RNA synthesis and histone acetylation during the course of gene activation in lymphocytes. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci, J55: 805.
Srivastava, B.I.S. 1973. Changes in enzymic activity during cultivation of human cells in vitro. Exp. Cell Res. 80: 305.
Butterworth, P.H., Cox, R.F. and Chesterton, C.J. 1971. Transcription of mammalian chromatin by mammalian DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Europ. J. Biochem. 23: 229.
Keshgegian, A.A. and Furth, J.J. 1972. Comparison of tran scription of chromatin by calf thymus and E. coli RNA polymerases. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 48: 757.
Farber, J., Rovera, G. and Baserga, R. 1971. Template activity of chromatin during stimulation of cellular proliferation in human diploid fibroblasts. Biochem. J. 122: 189
Costlow, H. and Baserga, R. 1973. Changes in membrane transport function in Gn and G cells. J. Cell Physiol. 82: 411.
Yanishevsky, R., Mendelsohn, M.L., Mayall, B.H. and Cristofalo, V.J. 1974. Proliferative capacity and DNA content of aging human diploid cells in culture: a cytophotometrie analysis. J. Cell. Physiol., in press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1975 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ryan, J.M. (1975). Alterations in Chromatin Functions during Aging in Vitro . In: Cristofalo, V.J., Holečková, E. (eds) Cell Impairment in Aging and Development. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 53. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0731-1_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0731-1_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-0733-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-0731-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive