Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Limbic Mechanisms pp 405–455Cite as

Normal and Abnormal Limbic System Mechanisms of Emotive Biasing

  • Chapter

Abstract

In 1969 Goddard, McIntyre & Leech demonstrated that a permanent change in limbic system excitability could be induced by repeated electrical stimulation, and termed the process kindling. Alterations in excitability appear as reductions in electrical threshold for evocation of motor seizures and in threshold for evocation of electrographically recorded seizures without motor involvement (Racine, 1972a). An apparent increase in transsynaptic conduction between limbic system structures of both epileptic (Racine, 1972b; Adamec, 1975a) and non epileptically-induced neural activity (Racine, Gartner & Burnham, 1972; Douglas & Goddard, 1975) accompanies the alterations of epileptic excitability.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • ADAMEC, R. (1975a). Behavioural and epileptic determinants of predatory attack behaviour in the cat. Canad. J. Neurol. Sci, Nov., 457.

    Google Scholar 

  • ADAMEC, R. (1975b). The behavioural bases of prolonged suppression of predatory attack in cats. Aggressive Behaviour, 1, 297.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ADAMEC, R. (1975c). The neural basis of prolonged suppression of predatory attack. I. Naturally occurring physiological differences in the limbic systems of killer and non-killer cats. Aggressive Behaviour, 1, 315.

    Google Scholar 

  • ADAMEC, R. (1976). Hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic substrates of predatory attack suppression and the influence of hunger.Brain Research, 106, 57

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BOAST, C.A. MCINTYRE, D.C. (1976). Bilateral kindled amygdala foci and inhibitory avoidance behaviour in rats: a functional lesion effect. Physiology and Behaviour, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  • CLYNES, M. (1973). Sentics: Biocybernetics of Emotion Communications, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci, 57.

    Google Scholar 

  • CORCORAN, M.E., URSTAD, H., MCCAUGHRAN, J.A. and WADA, J.A. (1976). Frontal lobe and kindling in the rat. In: Kindling, Juhn A. Wada (Ed.), New York: Raven Press, 215.

    Google Scholar 

  • DEFEUDIS, P. (1974). An analysis of the predatory behaviour of the rat. Ph.D. Dissertation, McGill University.

    Google Scholar 

  • DOUGLAS, R.M. GODDARD, G.V. (1975). Long-term potentiation of the perforant path-granule cell synapse in the rat hippocampus. Brain Research, 86, 206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • EGGER, D.M. FLYNN, J.P. (1967). Effects of amygdaloid stimulation and ablation on hypothalamically elicited attack behaviour in cats. In: Structure and Function of the Limbic System, Progress in Brain Research, W.R. Adey and T. Tokizane (Eds.), Amsterdam: Elsevier Publishing Co.

    Google Scholar 

  • EKMAN, P. FRIESEN, W. (1975). Unmasking the Face, New York: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • FERGUSON, G.A. (1965). Non parametric trend analysis. Montreal: McGill University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • FLANDERA, V., STERC, J. and ZAVORALOVA, M. (1976). Threshold of generalized electrical paroxysmal response of some limbic structures in aggressive and non-aggressive rats. Physiol Bohem., 25 (3), 259.

    Google Scholar 

  • FLOR-HENRY, P. (1969). Psychosis and temporal lobe epilepsy - a controlled investigation. Epilepsia, 10, 363.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • FLOR-HENRY, P. (1972). Ictal and interictal psychiatric manifestations in epilepsy: specific or non-specific? - a critical review of some of the evidence. Epilepsia, 13, 773

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • FLYNN, J.P. (1967). The neural basis of aggression in cats. In: Neurophysiology and Emotion, David C. Glass (Ed.), New York: The Rockefeller University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • FLYNN, J.P., VANEGAS, H., FOOTE, W. and EDWARDS, S. Neural mechanisms involved in a cat’s attack on a rat. In: The Neural Control of Behaviour, R.E. Whalen, R.F. Thompson, M. Verzeano and N.M. Weinberger (Eds.), New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • GLOOR, P. (1972). Temporal lobe epilepsy: Its possible contribution to the understanding of the functional significance of the amygdala and of its interaction with neocortical-temporal mechanisms. In: The Neurobiology of the Amygdala, Basil E. Eleftheriou (Ed.), New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • GODDARD,G.V., MCINTYRE, D.C. and LEECH, C.K. (1969). A permanent change in brain function resulting from daily electrical stimulation. Exp. Neurol., 25, 295.

    Google Scholar 

  • GODDARD, G.V. (1972). Amygdala and kindling effect. In: The Neurobiology of the Amygdala, Basil E. Eleftheriou (Ed.), New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • HALL, E. (1972). Some aspects of the structural organization of the amygdala. In: The Neurobiology of the Amygdala, Basil E. Eleftheriou (Ed.), New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • RAPPEL, L.T. and BACH, L.M.N. (1970). Amygdalopetal fiber influences upon excitability of amygdaloid nuclei. Fed. Proc., 29, No. 829 (abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • HINDE, R.A. (1970). Animal Behaviour - A synthesis of Ethology and Comparative Psychology, New York: McGraw Hill, Second Edition, P. 360.

    Google Scholar 

  • HOROWITZ, I.M. (1963). Synthesis of Feedback Systems, New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • KNADA B.R. (1972). Stimulation and regional ablation of the amygdaloid complex with reference to functional representations. In: The Neurobiology of the Amygdala, New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • KUO, Z.Y. (1930). The genesis of the cat’s response to the rat. J. Comp. Psychol., 11, 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • YUO’ Z.Y. (1935). Further study in the behaviour of the cat toward the rat. J. Comp. Psychol., 25, 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • LEYHDEN P. (1956). Verhaltensstudien an Katzen. Z. Tierpsychol. Beiheft, 2, 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • MACDONNELL, M.F. and Flynn, J.P. (1966a). Sensory control of hypothalamic attack. Animal Behaviour, 14, 399.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MACDONNELL, M.F. and FLYNN, J.P. (1966b). Control of sensory fields by stimulation of hypothalamus. Science, 152, 1406.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MARK, V.H. and ERVIN, F.R. (1970). Violence and the Brain, New York: Harper and Row

    Google Scholar 

  • MCINTYRE, D.C. and MOLINO, A. (1973). Auygala lesions and CER learning: Long-term effect of kindling. Physiol. and Behay., 8, 1055.

    Google Scholar 

  • MURPHY, J.J. (1972). The role of the amygdala in controlling hypothalamic output. In: The Neurobiology of the andmygela, New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • O’KEEFE, J. and BOUMA, H. (1969). Complex sensory properties of certain amygdala units in the freely moving cat. Exp. Neurol., 23, 384.

    Google Scholar 

  • PIAGET, J. (1926). The Language and Thought of the Child, New York: Harcourt Brace.

    Google Scholar 

  • PINEL, J.P.J. and VAN 00T, P.M. (1976). Generality of the kindling 9hcoomenoo: some clinical implications. In: Kindling, Juhn A. Wada (Ed.), New York: Raven Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • RACINE, R.J. (1972a). Modification of seizure activity by electrical stimulation: I. After-discharge threshold. EEG. clin. Neurophysiol., 32, 269.

    Google Scholar 

  • RACINE, R.J. (1972b). Modification of seizure activity by electrical stimulation: II. Motor seizure. EEG. clin. Neurophysiol., 32, 281.

    Google Scholar 

  • RACINE, R.J., OKUJAVA, V. CHIPASHVILI, S. (1972). Modification of seizure activity by electrical stimulation: III. Mechanisms. EEG. clin. Neurophysiol., 32, 295.

    Google Scholar 

  • RACINE, R.J., GARTNER, J.G. BURNHAM, W.M. (1972). Epileptiform activity and neural plasticity in limbic structures. Brain Research, 47, 262.

    Google Scholar 

  • RACINE, R.J., TUFF, L. ZAIDE, J. (1976). Kindling, unit discharge patterns and neural plasticity. In: Kindling, Juhn A. Wada (Ed.), New York: Raven Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • SAWA, M. DELGADO, J.M.R. (1963). Amygdala unitary activity in the unrestrained cat. EEG. clin. Neurophysiol., 15, 637.

    Google Scholar 

  • SAWA, M., MARUYAMA, N. KAJI, S. (1968). Intracellular potential during electrically induced seizures. EEG. clin. Neurophysiol., 15, 209.

    Google Scholar 

  • SCHACHTER, S. SINGER, J. (1962). Cognitive, social and physiological determinants of emotional state. Psych. Rev., 69, 379.

    Google Scholar 

  • SCHWARTZ, G.E., FAIR, P.L., SALT, P., MANDEL, M.R. and KLERMAN, G.L. (1976). Facial muscle patterning to affective imagery in depressed and non-depressed subjects. Science, 192, 489.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SIBLY, R. E1 MCFARLAND, D. (1974). A State Space Approach to Motivation. In: Motivational Control Systems Analysis, D.J. McFarland (Ed.), New York: Academic Press, 213

    Google Scholar 

  • SIEGAL, A. FLYNN, J.P. (1968). Differential effects of electrical stimulation and lesions of the hippocampus and adjacent regions upon attack behaviour in cats. Brain Research, 1, 252.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • SOLOMON, R.L. CORBIT, J.D. (1974). An opponent-process theory of motivation: I. Temporal dynamics of affect. Psych. Rev., 81, (2), 119.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • STOKMAN, C.L.J. GLUSMAN, M. (1970). Amygdaloid modulation of hypothalamic flight in cats. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol., 71, 365.

    Google Scholar 

  • SZENTAGOTHAI, J. and ARBIB, M.A. (1975). Conceptual Models of Neural Organization, Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • TSUBOKAWA, T. and SUTIN, J. (1963). Mesencephalic influence upon the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus. EEG. clin. Neurophysiol., 15, 610.

    Google Scholar 

  • WADA, J.A., OSAWA, T. and MIZOQUCHI, T. (1976). Recurrent spontaneous seizure state induced by prefrontal kindling in senegalese baboons, Papio Papio. In.: Kindling, Juhn A. Wada (Ed.), New York: Raven Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • WAKEFIELD, C. and HALL, E. (1974). Some observations on the ultra-structure of the central amygdaloid nucleus in the cat. Cell and Tissue Research, 151, 489.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • WILSON, K.V. (1956). A distribution free test of analysis of variance hypotheses. Psychol. Bull., 53, (1), 96.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Robert E. Adamec
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Toronto, Canada

    Kenneth E. Livingston  & Oleh Hornykiewicz  & 

  2. The Wellesley Hospital, 160 Wellesley StEast, Toronto, Canada

    Kenneth E. Livingston

  3. Institute of Biochemical Pharmacology, University of Vienna, Austria

    Oleh Hornykiewicz

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1978 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Adamec, R.E. (1978). Normal and Abnormal Limbic System Mechanisms of Emotive Biasing. In: Livingston, K.E., Hornykiewicz, O. (eds) Limbic Mechanisms. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0716-8_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0716-8_17

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-0718-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-0716-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation