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Immobilized Enzymes

  • Chapter
Bioactive Polymeric Systems

Abstract

The literature abounds with procedures to immobilize enzymes which generally fit into one of six main categories. The earliest methods developed were enzyme adsorption and cross-linking. Adsorption-cross-linking, the combination of these methods, results in a more utilitarian catalyst. The most widely used method is covalent bonding of the enzyme to a support material; but entrapment and microencapsulation are valuable techniques for immobilization of enzymes.

The properties of immobilized enzymes are affected by the support material. In essence, the physical properties are those of the support material. Inorganic supports result in rigid catalysts with moderate enzyme loading. Very high enzyme loading can be achieved with organic supports which are easily molded into desired shapes. The support used for immobilization of enzymes also affects the chemical properties of the catalyst. The optimum pH is often different for an immobilized enzyme than for the soluble enzyme and changes in substrate specificity have also been observed.

Immobilized enzymes find applications both in industrial processing and analytical testing. In addition, immobilized enzymes have been used for analysis of the structure-function relationships of enzymes. Although showing considerable promise, therapeutic applications generally remain in the research stage.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Owens-Illinois, Inc., One SeaGate, Toledo, OH, 43666, USA

    Melvin H. Keyes & Seshaiyer Saraswathi

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  1. Melvin H. Keyes
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  2. Seshaiyer Saraswathi
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  1. Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio, USA

    Charles G. Gebelein

  2. Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA

    Charles E. Carraher Jr.

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© 1985 Plenum Press, New York

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Keyes, M.H., Saraswathi, S. (1985). Immobilized Enzymes. In: Gebelein, C.G., Carraher, C.E. (eds) Bioactive Polymeric Systems. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0405-1_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0405-1_11

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