Abstract
The athymic nude (nu) mutation is now the most widely used of over 500 known mutations in the mouse. The virtual absence of any cell-mediated immune response in these animals has proved to be of great value both in the study of the immune system itself and as a tool in many areas of applied research, particularly in the study of cancer and infectious disease. Similar mutations in the rat and guinea pig should also be of value as tools in studying the immunobiology of these two species, and for research in which the mouse may not be entirely suitable (e.g., because of its small size). At the same time, study of these additional species should throw light on the generality of the observed biological effects of thymic aplasia in the mouse.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Althoff, P. H., Bastert, G., Usadel, K. H., Schwedes, U., Steinau, U., Eichholz, E., and Klempa, I., 1981, Experiments on the function of human pituitary transplants in nu/nu mice and rnu/rnu rats, in: Thymusaplastic Nude Mice and Rats in Clinical Oncology (G. Bastert, H. Schmidt-Matthiesen, and H. P. Fortmeyer, eds.), Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, in press.
Andreassen, J., 1980, Response of congenitally thymus-deficient rats to the Cestode Hymenolepis diminuta, Parasitology, 81:xli (abstract).
Arroyave, C. M., Levy, R. M., and Johnson, J. S., 1977, Genetic deficiency of the fourth component of complement (C4) in Wistar rats, Immunology 33: 453.
Bastert, G., Eichholz, H., Fortmeyer, H. P., Michel, R.-Th., Huck, R., and Schmidt-Matthiesen, H., 1980, Comparison of human breast cancer xenotransplantation into nu/nu mice and rnu/rnu rats, in: Thymusaplastic Nude Mice and Rats in Clinical Oncology (G. Bastert, H. Schmidt-Matthiesen, and H. P. Fortmeyer, eds.), Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart, in press.
Bazin, H., Platteau, B., Pauwels, R., and Capron, A., 1980, Immunoglobulin production in nude rats with special attention to the IgE isotype, Ann. Immunol. (Inst. Pasteur) 131C: 31.
Berridge, M. V., O’Kech, N., McNeilage, L. J., Heslop, B. F., and Moore, R., 1979, Rat mutant (NZNU) showing “nude” characteristics, Transplantation 27: 410.
Brideau, R. J., Carter, P. B., McMaster, W. R., Mason, D. W., and Williams, A. F., 1980, Two subsets of rat T-lymphocytes defined with monoclonal antibodies, Eur. J. Immunol. 10: 609.
Brooks, C. G., Webb, P. J., Robins, R. A., Robinson, G., Baldwin, R. W., and Festing, M. F. W., 1980, Immunobiology of rnu/rnu rats with congenital aplasia of the thymus, Eur. J. Immunol. 10: 58.
Carthew, P., and Sparrow, S., 1980, Sendai virus in nude and germ-free rats, Res. Vet. Sci. 29: 289.
Castle, W. E., Dempster, E. R., and Shurrager, H. C., 1955, Three new mutations of the rat, J. Hered. 46: 9.
Colston, M. J., and Hilson, G. R. F., 1976, Growth of Mycobacterium leprae and M. marinum in congenitally athymic (nude) mice, Nature (London) 262: 399.
Colston, M. J., Fieldsteel, A. H., Lancaster, R. D. and Dawson, P. J., 1981, The athymic rat: Immunological status and infection with Mycobacterium leprae, in: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Nude Mice (N. D. Reed, ed.), in press.
de Jong, W. H., Steerenberg, P. A., Ursem, P. S., Osterhaus, A. D. M. E., Vos, J. G., and Ruitenberg, E. J., 1980, The athymic nude rat. III. Natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity, Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 17: 163.
Eccles, S. A., 1980, Tumor metastasis in thymectomized and athymic rats, in: Immunodeficient Animals in Cancer Research (S. Sparrow, ed.), pp. 166–177, Macmillan, London.
Eccles, S. A., Styles, J. M., Hobbs, S. M., and Dean, C. J., 1979, Metastasis in the nude rat associated with lack of immune response, Br. J. Cancer 40: 802.
Festing, M. F. W., 1980, International Index of Laboratory Animals, 4th ed., MRC Laboratory Animals Centre, Carshalton, Surrey, U.K.
Festing, M. F. W., 1981a, The Rowett athymic nude rat, in: Thymusaplastic Nude Mice and Rats in Clinical Oncology (G. Bastert, H. Schmidt-Matthiesen, and H. P. Fortmeyer, eds.), Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, in press.
Festing, M. F. W., 1981b, Characteristics of nude rats, in: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Nude Mice (N. D. Reed, ed.), in press.
Festing, M. F. W., and Lovell, D. P., 1980, The breeding of athymic nude rats, in: Proceedings, ICLA Symposium, (A. Spiegel, S. Erichsen and H. A. Solleveld, eds.), pp. 81–84, Utrecht, July 1979, Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart.
Festing, M. F. W., May, D., Connors, T. A., Lovell, D., and Sparrow, S., 1978, An athymic nude mutation in the rat, Nature (London) 274: 365.
Fossum, S., Smith, M. E., Bell, E. B., and Ford, W. L., 1980, The architecture of rat lymph nodes. III. The lymph nodes and lymph borne cells of the congenitlly athymic nude rat, Scand. J. Immunol. 12: 421.
Fries, A. S., 1979, Studies on Tyzzer’s disease: Transplacental transmission of Bacillus piliformis in rats, Lab. Anim. 13: 43.
Gray, J. D., and Brooks C. G., 1980, The induction of cytotoxic macrophages and natural killer cells in congenitally athymic rnu/rnu rats, Cell. Immunol. 53: 405.
Herberman, R. B., 1978, Natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity in nude mice, in: The Nude Mouse in Experimental and Clinical Research (J. Fogh and B. C. Giovanella, eds.), pp. 135–166, Academic Press, New York.
Kent, R. L., Lutzner, M. A., and Hansen, C. T., 1976, The masked rat: An X-ray induced mutant with chronic blepharitis, alopecia and pasteurellosis, J. Hered. 67: 3.
Kindred, B., 1978, The nude mouse in studying T-cell differentiation, in: The Nude Mouse in Experimental and Clinical Research (J. Fogh and B. C. Giovanella, eds.), pp. 111–134, Academic Press, New York.
Klempa, L, Usadel, K. H., Schwedes, U., Althoff, P. H., Steinau, U., and Bastert, G., 1981, Xenotransplantation of Conn’s adenoma in nu/nu mice and rnu/rnu rats, in: Thymusaplastic Nude Mice and Rats in Clinical Oncology (G. Bastert, H. Schmidt-Matthiesen, and H. P. Fortmeyer, eds.), Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart, in press.
Koene, R. A. P., Gerlag, P. G. G., Jansen, J. J., Hagemann, J. F. H., and Wijdeveld, P. G. A. B., 1974, Rejection of skin grafts in the nude mouse, Nature (London) 251: 69.
Lyon, M., 1977, Genetic nomenclature and nomenclature rules in the mouse, Immunogenetics 5: 393.
May, D., 1977, More on the nude rat, Rat News Letter 2: 14.
Moore, G. J., 1979. Conjunctivitis in the nude rat (rnu/rnu), Lab. Anim. 13: 35.
Mosedale, B., Scott, M. P., Totman, P., Festing, M. F. W., Wright, M. G., and Amos, H., 1981, The immunological status of rnu/rnu “nude” rats: The effect of implanation of rat or mouse neonatal thymus, in preparation.
Moutier, R., Kyioko, T., Lamendin, H., and Ballet, J. J., 1979, Guérison de l’ostéopétrose par injection de moelle osseuse allogénique chez let rat double-mutant “ostéopétrotique-athymique,” C.R. Acad. Sci. 289:D919.
Perrudet-Badoux, A., and Boussac-Aron, Y., 1980, Preliminary studies on the course of a Trichinella spiralis infection in athymic nude rats, J. Parasitol. 66: 671.
Pritchard, D. I., and Eady, R. P., 1980, Some aspects of immunology in the nude rat, in: Immunodeficient Animals in Cancer Research (S. Sparrow, ed.), pp. 67–79, Basingstoke, Macmillan, London.
Robinson, R., 1979, Taxonomy and genetics, in: The Laboratory Rat, Vol. I (H. J. Baker, J. R. Lindsey, and S. H. Weisbroth, eds.), pp. 37–54, Academic Press, New York.
Rose, M. E., and Hesketh, P., 1979, Immunity to coccidiosis: T-lymphocyte-or B-lymphocyte-deficient animals, Infect. Immun. 26: 630.
Rose, M. E., Ogilvie, B. M., Hesketh, P., and Festing, M. F. W., 1979, Failure of nude (athymic) rats to become resistant to reinfection with the intestinal coccidian parasite Eimeria nieschulzi or the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, Parasite Immunol. 1: 125.
Salomon, J. C., Lynch, N., Prin, J., Lascaux, V., and Galinha, A., 1980, Tumour transplantation in nude mice and rats, in: Immunodeficient Animals in Cancer Research (S. Sparrow, ed.), pp. 105–110, Macmillan, London.
Schwedes, U., Usadel, K. H., Steinau, U., Klempa, I., Bastert, G., Althoff, P. H. and Fortmeyer, H. P., 1981, PTH-producing xenotransplants of human tumors in nu/nu mice and rnu/rnu rats, in: Thymusaplastic Nude Mice and Rats in Clinical Oncology (G. Bastert, H. Schmidt-Matthiesen, and H. P. Fortmeyer, eds.), Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart, in press.
Steinau, H. U., Bastert, G., Eichholz, H., Fortmeyer, H. P., and Schmidt-Matthiesen, H., 1981, Epigastric pouching method: Human xenografts in rnu/rnu rats, in: Thymusaplastic Nude Mice and Rats in Clinical Oncology (G. Bastert, H. Schmidt-Matthiesen, and H. P. Fortmeyer, eds.), Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart, in press.
Townsend, G. H., 1969, The grading of commercially-bred laboratory animals, Vet. Rec. Aug. 23, 1969, p. 225.
Vos, J. G., Berkvens, J. M., and Kruijt, B. C., 1980a, The athymic nude rat. I. Morphology of lymphoid and endocrine organs, Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 15: 213.
Vos, J. G., Kreeftenberg, J. G., Kruijt, B. C., Kruizinga, W., and Steerenberg, P., 1980b, The athymic nude rat. II. Immunological characteristics, Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 15: 229.
Vos, J. G., dejong, W. H., Kruizinga, W., van Noorl Jansen, L. M., and Steerenberg, P. A., 1981, The athymic nude rat. IV. Clearance of Listeria monocytogenes and colloidal carbon, Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol., submitted for publication.
Webb, M., Mason, D. W., and Williams, A., 1979, Inhibition of mixed lymphocyte response by monoclonal antibody specific for a rat T-lymphocyte subset, Nature (London) 282: 841.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1981 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Festing, M.F.W. (1981). Athymic Nude Rats. In: Gershwin, M.E., Merchant, B. (eds) Immunologic Defects in Laboratory Animals 1. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0325-2_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0325-2_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-0327-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-0325-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive