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Dielectric and High Pressure Studies of Liquid Crystals

  • Chapter
Book cover Phase Transitions in Liquid Crystals

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSB,volume 290))

Abstract

Dielectric studies probe the response of molecules to the application of an external electric field. In liquid crystals, the situation is quite complex: The materials exhibit anisotropy of dielectric permittivity while maintaining their fluidity. Also, the frequency response of the dielectric constants depends strongly on the relative direction of the electric field with respect to the long axis of the molecules. An investigation of the static permittivities gives important information on the dielectric anisotropy in relation to the molecular structure and dipole-moment. On the other hand, a study of the dielectric dispersion enables us to understand the different relaxation processes associated with the dipolar molecules of liquid crystals. However the interpretation of the dielectric dispersion data is difficult in view of the fact that the effects due to the nematic potential and viscosity are difficult to separate. Also, the activation energy calculated by the Arrehnius plots of the dielectric dispersion frequencies appear to be strongly influenced by short range order effects. This is particularly so when the range of the liquid crystalline phase is narrow and it is somewhat difficult to define a unique activation energy for a given liquid crystalline phase. In the present chapter, we shall discuss the behavior of static dielectric permittivity for different types of liquid crystals composed of nonpolar, weakly polar and strongly polar molecules. We shall also discuss how dielectric properties enable us to probe the nature of dipole-dipole interactions in liquid crystals.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Naval Research Laboratory, Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Code 6090, Washington, DC, 20375-5000, USA

    R. Shashidhar

  2. Geo-Centers, Inc., 10903 Indian Head Highway, Fort Washington, MD, 20744, USA

    R. Shashidhar

Authors
  1. R. Shashidhar
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. The Second University of Rome, Rome, Italy

    S. Martellucci

  2. Hughes Research Laboratories, Malibu, California, USA

    A. N. Chester

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© 1992 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Shashidhar, R. (1992). Dielectric and High Pressure Studies of Liquid Crystals. In: Martellucci, S., Chester, A.N. (eds) Phase Transitions in Liquid Crystals. NATO ASI Series, vol 290. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-9151-7_18

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-9151-7_18

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-9153-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-9151-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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