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Biomass Pyrolysis: A Review of the Literature Part 1—Carbohydrate Pyrolysis

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Advances in Solar Energy

Abstract

A normative review of the literature describing the products, mechanisms and rates of carbohydrate pyrolysis is presented. The role of a complex sequence of competing solid and vapor phase pyrolysis pathways is elucidated.

Michael Jerry Antal, Jr. graduated Summa Cum Laude with Highest Distinction in Physics and High Distinction in Mathematics from Dartmouth College in 1969. He earned an MS in Applied Physics in 1970, and a PhD in Applied Mathematics in 1973, both from Harvard University. After completing his graduate work. Dr. Antal spent two years as a theorist with the Thermonuclear Weapons Physics Group of the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, and six years with Princeton University. At Princeton he was a member of the faculty of the Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department and Director of the Renewable Resources Research Laboratory (RRRL). In 1981 Dr. Antal was invited to assume the newly endowed Coral Industries Distinguished Professor of Renewable Energy Resources Chair with the University of Hawaii. In 1982 the RRRL moved from Princeton to Honolulu, and is now actively engaged in research on the pyrolysis of biomass materials, and high temperature solar thermal energy utilization.

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Abbreviations

A:

Pre-exponential constant (apparent frequency factor).

Cr I:

Crystalline index; see Ref. 138.

E:

Apparent activation energy (kcal/gmol).

Fo :

Orientation factor or degree of stretch; see Ref. 60.

k:

Rate constant: k = A exp (−E/RT).

t:

Time (sec).

T:

Temperature

w (t):

Time dependent sample weight (g).

Wi :

Initial sample weight (g).

Wf :

Final sample weight (g).

α:

Degree of conversion: α = (wi − w(t))/(wi − Wf).

β:

Heating rate (°C/min).

∆:

Increase: ∆ CO is increase in CO mass yield due to gas phase pyrolysis.

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  1. University of Hawaii, 96822, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA

    Michael Jerry Antal Jr. (Coral Industries Professor of Renewable Energy Resources)

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  1. University of Delaware and SES, Inc., Newark, Delaware, USA

    Karl W. Böer

  2. University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

    John A. Duffie

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This paper is dedicated to Martin Summerfield, Emeritus Professor of Aeronautical Engineering, Princeton University.

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Antal, M.J. (1983). Biomass Pyrolysis: A Review of the Literature Part 1—Carbohydrate Pyrolysis. In: Böer, K.W., Duffie, J.A. (eds) Advances in Solar Energy. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8992-7_3

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