Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Physiological Effects of Noise pp 21–41Cite as

Effects of Sound on Endocrine Function and Electrolyte Excretion

  • Chapter

Abstract

Loud sounds, intense light, immobilization, anxiety, forced exercise, surgery, cold and many other stressful agents increase the secretion of corticotrophin (ACTH) from the adenohypophysis. In each case, the mechanism by which the secretion of ACTH is accelerated is neurohumoral (1) and is mediated through the central nervous system (2). The resulting elevation in plasma concentrations of ACTH causes an increase in the secretion of adrenal corticoids; the additional corticoid secreted is that characteristic of the particular species under stress (4). Thus, loud sounds raise plasma concentrations of corticosterone in the rat (5) and of 17-hydroxycorticosterone in man (6) and in monkeys (7). High concentrations of ACTH also increase the rate of secretion of aldosterone (8).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. De Groot, J., and G.W. Harris, 1950. Hypothalamic control of the anterior pituitary and blood lymphocytes. Journal of Physiology (London) 111:335–346.

    Google Scholar 

  2. McCann, S.M., 1953. Effect of hypothalamic lesions on the adrenal cortical response to stress in the rat. American Journal of Physiology 175:13–20.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Fortier, C., 1963. Hypothalamic control of the anterior pituitary. In Comparative Endocrinology, U.S. Von Euler and H. Heller (Eds.) Chap.1, Vol.1. Academic Press, New York, pp. 1–24.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bush, I.E., 1953. Species differences in adrenocortical secretion. Journal of Endocrinology 9:95–100.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Henkin, R.I. and K.M. Knigge, 1963. Effect of sound on the pituitary adrenal axis. American Journal of Physiology 204:710–714.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Persky, H., R.R. Grinker, D.A. Hamburg, M. Sabshin, S.J. Korchin, H. Basowitz and J.A. Chevalier, 1956. Adrenal cortical function in anxious human subjects; plasma level and urinary excretion of hydrocortisone. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry 76:549–558.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Mason, J.W., 1958. Plasma 17-hydroxycorticosteroid response to hypothalamic stimulation in the conscious rhesus monkey. Endocrinology 63:403–411.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. David, J.O., 1967. The regulation of aldosterone secretion. In The Adrenal Cortex A.B. Eisenstein (Ed.)pp. 203–247. Little, Brown, Boston.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Brodish, A. and C.N.H. Long, 1956. Changes in blood ACTH under various conditions studied by cross-circulation technique. Endocrinology, 59:666–676.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Saffran, M. and A.V. Schally, 1955. The release of cortico-trophin by anterior pituitary tissue in vitro. Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology 33:408–415.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Guillemin, R. and A.V. Schally, 1959. Re-evaluation of a technique of pituitary incubation in vitro as an assay for corticotrophin-releasing factor. Endocrinology 65:555–562.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Guillemin, R., A.V. Schally, H.S. Lipscomb, R.N. Andersen and J.M. Long, 1962. On the presence in the hog hypothalamus of 8-corticotrophin-releasing factor, a — and 8-melanocyte stimulating hormones, adrenocorticotrophin, lysine-vasopressin and oxytocin. Endocrinology 70:471–477.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Gemzell, C.A., D.C. Van Dyke, C.A. Tobias and M.M. Evans, 1951. Increase in the formation and secretion of ACTH following adrenalectomy. Endocrinology 49:325–336.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Abelson, D. and D.N. Baron, 1952. The effect of cortisone acetate on adrenal ascorbic acid depletion following stress. Lancet 2:663–664.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Forgacs, P. and L. Hajdu, 1953. Adrenocorticotrophic hormon (ACTH) elualasztas gatlasa cortisonnal. Kiserletes Orvostudomany 5:444–448.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Schwartz, N.B. and A. Kling, 1960. Stress-induced adrenal ascorbic acid depletion in the cat. Endocrinology 66:308–310.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Smelik, P.C., 1963. Failure to inhibit corticotrophin secretion by experimentally induced increases in corticoid levels. Acta Endocrinologica 44:36–46.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Endroczi, E. and K. Lissak, 1961. The role of the rhinencephalon in the activation of the hypophyseo-adrenocorticogonad system and in the formation of emotional and sexual behaviour. Problemy Endokrinologii i Gormonoterapii. (Moscow) 4:18–25.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Endroczi, E. and K. Lissak, 1962. Interrelations between paleocortical activity and adrenocortical function. Acta Physiologica Academiae Scientiorum Hungaricae 21:257–263.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Porter, R.W. 1954. The central nervous system and stress induced eosinopenia. Recent Progress in Hormone Research 10:1–18.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Endroczi, E., K. Lissak, C. Szep and A. Tigyi, 1954. Examinations of the pituitary-adrenal-thyroid system after ablation of neocortical and rhinencephalic structures. Acta Physiologica Academiae Scientiorum Hungaricae 6:19–31.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Endroczi, E. and K. Lissak, 1960. The role of the mesencephalon, diencephalon, and archicortex in the activation and inhibition of the pituitary-adrenocortical system. Acta Physiologica Academiae Scientiorum Hungaricae 17:39–51.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Knigge, K.M., 1960. Neuroendocrine mechanisms influencing ACTH and TSH secretion and their role in cold acclimatization. Federation Proceedings 19:45–51.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Mason, J.W., 1959. Plasma 17-hydroxycorticosteroid levels during electrical stimulation of the amygdaloid complex in conscious monkeys. American Journal of Physiology. 196:44–48.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Mason, J.W., W.J.H. Nauta, J.V. Brady and J.A. Robinson, 1959. Limbic system influences on the pituitary-adrenal cortical system. Proceedings of the Endocrine Society 41:29.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Okinaka, S., H. Ibayashi, K. Motohashi, T. Fumita, S. Yoshida and N. Ohsawa, 1960. Effect of electrical stimulation of the limbic system on pituitary-adrenal function: posterior orbital surface. Endocrinology, 67:319–325.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Mason, J.W., 1958. The central nervous system regulation of ACTH secretion. In Reticular Formation of the Brain, H.H. Jaspar, L.D. Proctor, A.S. Knighton, W.C. Noshaw and R.T. Costello. (Eds), Little, Brown, Boston, pp. 645–662.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Nauta, W.J.H. and H.G.J.M. Kuypers, 1958. Some ascending pathways in the brain stem reticular formation. In Reticular Formation of the Brain, H.H. Jaspar, L.D. Proctor, A.S. Knighton, W.C. Noshay and R. T. Costello. (Eds), Little, Brown, Boston, pp. 3–30.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Nauta, W.J.H., 1961. Limbic system and hypothalamus. Physiological Reviews 40:102–104.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Nauta, W.J.H., 1963. Central nervous organization and the endocrine motor system. In Advances in Neurology. A.V. Nalbandov. (Ed), University of Illinois Press, Urbana. pp. 5–21.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Medoff, H.S. and A.M. Bongiovanni, 1945. Audiogenic stimulation and blood pressure. American Journal of Physiology 143:300–305.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Farris, E.J., E.H. Yeakel and H.S. Medoff, 1945. Development of hypertension in emotional animals. American Journal of Physiology 144:331–333.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Smirk, F.R., 1949. Pathogenesis of essential hypertension. British Medical Journal 1:791–799.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Rosecrans, J.A., N. Watzman and J.P. Buckley, 1966. The production of hypertension in male albino rats subjected to experimental stress. Biochemical Pharmacology 15:1707–1718.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Vander, A.J., 1967. Control of renin release. Physiological Reviews 47:359–382.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Peart, W.S., 1965. The renin-angiotensin system. Pharmacological Reviews 17:143–182.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Rapp, J.P., 1969. Deoxycorticosterone production in adrenal regeneration hypertension, in vitro and in vivo comparison. Endocrinology, 84:1409–1420.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Brown-Grant, K. and G. Perthes, 1960. The response of the thyroid gland of the guineapig to stress. Journal of Physiology (London) 151:40–50.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Brown-Grant, K., G.W. Harris and S. Reichlin, 1954. The effect of emotional and physical stress on thyroid activity in the rabbit. Journal of Physiology (London) 126:29–40.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Harris, G.W., 1955. Neural control of the pituitary gland. Arnold. London.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Brown-Grant, K., 1966. The control of TSH secretion. In The Pituitary Gland. G.W. Harris and B.T. Donovan (Eds). Vol. II, Butterworths, London, pp. 235–261.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Shipley, R.A. and F.H. MacIntyre, 1954. Effect of stress, TSH and ACTH on the level of hormonal I131 of serum. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 14:309–317.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Engstrom, W.W. and B. Markhardt, 1955. The effect of serious illness and surgical stress on the circulating thyroid hormone. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 15:953–963.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Lees, P. and M.F. Lockett, 1964. The influence of hypophysectomy and of adrenalectomy on the urinary changes induced by oxytocin in rats. Journal of Physiology (London) 171:403–410.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Ogle, C.W. and M.F. Lockett, 1966. The release of neurohypophyseal hormone by sound. Journal of Endocrinology 36: 281–290.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Euler, U.S. von and I. Orwen, 1955. Preparation of extracts and organs for estimation of free and conjugated noradrenaline and adrenaline. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 33:(Suppl. 118) 1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Gaddum, J.H. and F. Lembeck, 1949. The assay of substances from the adrenal medulla. British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy 4:401–408.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Bisset, G.W., 1961. The assay of oxytocin and vasopressin in blood and the mechanism of inactivation of these hormones by thioglycollate. In Oxytocin, R. Caldeyro-Barcia and H. Heller (Eds) Pergamon Press, London, pp. 380–398.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Van Dongen, C.G. and R.L. Hays, 1966. A sensitive in vitro assay for oxytocin. Endocrinology 78:1–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Ogle, C.W., 1967. Low frequency sound and oxytocic activity of plasma, in rats. Nature (London) 214:1112–1113.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Euler, U.S. von, R. Luft and T. Sundin, 1954. Excretion of urinary adrenaline in normals following intravenous infusion. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 30:249–259.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Ogle, C.W. and M.F. Lockett, 1968. The urinary changes induced in rats by high pitched sound (20 kycycles/sec) Journal of Endocrinology 42:253–260.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Bisset, G.W., B.J. Clark and G.P. Lewis, 1967. The mechanism of the inhibitory action of adrenaline on the mammary gland. British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy 31:550–559.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Kleeman, C.R. and R.E. Cutler, 1963. The neurohypophysis. Annual Review of Physiology 25:385–432.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Peeters, G. and R. Coussens, 1950. The influence of milking on the lactating cow. Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamic et de Therapie 84:209–220.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Cross, B.A., 1951. Suckling antidiureses in rabbits. Journal of Physiology (London) 114:447–453.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Ginsburg, M. and M. W. Smith, 1959. The fate of oxytocin in male and female rats. British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy 14:327–333.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Lederis, K., 1961. Vasopressin and oxytocin in the mammalian hypothalamus. General and Comparative Endocrinology 1:80–89.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Olivecrona, H., 1957. Paraventricular nucleus and pituitary gland. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica Suppl. 136:1–178.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Slotnick, B.M. and A.B. Rothballer, 1964. Vasopressin release following stimulation of limbic forebrain structures in the cat. Federation Proceedings 23:150.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Aulsebrook, L.H. and R.C. Holland, 1969. Central regulation of oxytocin release. American Journal of Physiology 216:818–829.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Aulsebrook, L.H. and R.C. Holland, 1969. Central inhibition of oxytocin release. American Journal of Physiology 216:830–842.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Cross, B.A., 1961. Neural control of oxytocin secretion. In Oxytocin R. Caldeyro-Barcia and H. Heller (Eds), Pergamon Press, London, pp. 24–47.

    Google Scholar 

  64. Zeman, W. and J.R.M. Innes, 1963. In Craigie’s Neuroanatomy of the Rat. New York Academic Press, pp. 61–77.

    Google Scholar 

  65. O’Connor, W.J. and E.B. Verney, 1942. The effect of removal of the posterior lobe of the pituitary on the inhibition of water diuresis by emotional stress. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Physiology and Cognate Medical Sciences 31:393–408.

    Google Scholar 

  66. Duke, H.N. and M. Pickford, 1951. Observations on the action of acetylcholine and adrenaline on the hypothalamus. Journal of Physiology (London) 114:325–332.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Pickford, M., 1960. The release of oxytocin and vasopressin in Polypeptides which affect smooth muscle. M. Schachter (Ed.) Pergamon Press, London, p. 42.

    Google Scholar 

  68. Brauner, F., F. Brucke, F. Kaindl and A. Neumayer, 1951. Quantitative Bestimmungen uber die Sekretion des Nebennierenmarkes bei elektrischer Hypothalamus Reizung. Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de therapie 85:419–430.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Brucke, F., F. Kaindl and H. Mayer, 1952. Uber die Veranderung in der Zusammensetzung des Nebennierenmarkinkretes bei elektrischer Reizung des Hypothalamus. Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de therapie 88:407–412.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Grant, R., P. Lindgren, A. Rosen and Uonas B., 1958. The release of catechols from the adrenal medulla on activation of the sympathetic vasodilator nerves of the skeletal muscles in the cat, by hypothalamic stimulation. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 43:135–154.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Iremoto, T., 1955. Studies on the central mechanism for the adrenaline secretion — Accelerating mechanism for adrenaline secretion in the pons. Folia Endocrinologica Japonica 31:268–270.

    Google Scholar 

  72. Folkow, B. and U.S. von Euler, 1954. Selective activation of noradrenaline and adrenaline producing cells in the suprarenal gland of the cat by hypothalamic stimulation. Circulation Research 2:191–195.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Lehman, A. and R.G. Busnel, 1963. A study of the audiogenic seizure. In Acoustic Behavior of Animals. R.G. Busnel (Ed), Elsevier Publishing Company, pp. 244–262.

    Google Scholar 

  74. Wada, J.A. and T. Asakura, 1969. Susceptibility to audiogenic seizure induced by thiosemicarbazide. Experimental Neurology 24:19–37.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Wada, J.A. and M. Ikada, 1966. The susceptibility to auditory stimuli of animals treated with methionine sulfoxime. Experimental Neurology 15:157–165.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. K. Schlesinger, R.C. Elston and W. Boggan, 1966. The genetics of sound induced seizure in inbred mice. Genetics 54:95–103.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Krushinski, L.V., 1959. Genetic investigations in experimental pathophysiology of higher nervous activity. Bulletin Moskov. Obstrch. Biol. 64:105–117 (Read in translated abstract only).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, W.A., 6009, Australia

    Mary F. Lockett

Authors
  1. Mary F. Lockett
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Maryland Psychiatric Research Center and The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Bruce L. Welch (Friends of Psychiatric Research, Inc.) & Annemarie S. Welch (Friends of Psychiatric Research, Inc.) (Friends of Psychiatric Research, Inc.) &  (Friends of Psychiatric Research, Inc.)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1970 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lockett, M.F. (1970). Effects of Sound on Endocrine Function and Electrolyte Excretion. In: Welch, B.L., Welch, A.S. (eds) Physiological Effects of Noise. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8807-4_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8807-4_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-8809-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-8807-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation