Abstract
Mutation is ultimately the source of all evolutionary change. For this reason, much effort has been expended in understanding the nature of mutational changes and in attempting to measure and predict the consequences of variation in rates of mutation on levels of genetic variation and consequent evolutionary rates. The early studies of Clayton and Robertson (1955) suggested that mutation has little effect on response to selection, as did other attempts at manipulating mutation rates using radiation as the mutagenic agent (Clayton and Robertson, 1964; Hollingdale and Barker, 1971; Kitagawa, 1967) in order to experimentally modify evolutionary rates. In general, such studies were relatively disappointing in that the levels of enhancement of genetic variation and rates of evolution were quite small, presumably because of the deleterious effects associated with the radiation-induced mutations. As a practical means of enhancing rates of evolution and genetic improvement in domestic plants and animals, “mutation breeding” using radiation as the mutagenic source has fallen into disfavour.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Black, D.M., Jackson, M.S., Kidwell, M.G., and Dover, G.A., 1987, KP element accumulation represses hybrid dysgenesis in D. melanogaster, EMBO J. 6:4125–4135.
Bingham, P.M., Kidwell, M.G., and Rubin, G.M., 1982, The molecular basis of P-M hybrid dysgenesis: the role of the P element, a P-strain-specific transposon family, Cell 29:995–1004.
Bregliano, J.C., and Kidwell, M.G., 1983, Hybrid dysgenesis determinants, in: Mobile Genetic Elements (J.A. Shapiro, ed.), Academic Press, London and New York, pp. 363–410.
Clayton, G.A., and Robertson, A., 1955, Mutation and quantitative variation, Am. Nat. 89:151–158.
Clayton, G.A., and Robertson, A., 1964, The effect of X-rays on quantitative characters, Genet. Res. 5:410–422.
Daniels, S.B., Clark, S.H., Kidwell, M.G., and Chovnick, A., 1987, Genetic transformation of Drosophila melanogaster with an autonomous P element: phenotypic and molecular analyses of long established transformed lines, Genetics 115:711–723.
Eanes, W.F., Wesley, C., Hey, J., Houle, D., and Ajioka, J.W., 1988, The fitness consequences of P element insertion in Drosophila melanogaster,Genet. Res. 52:17–26.
Engels, W.R., 1979, Hybrid dysgenesis in Drosophila melanogaster: rules of inheritance of female sterility, Genet. Res. 33:219–236.
Engels, W.R., 1983, The P family of transposable elements in Drosophila,A. Rev. Genet. 17:315–344.
Engels, W.R., 1986, On the evolution and population genetics of hybrid-dysgenesis-causing transposable elements in Drosophila,Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 312:205–215.
Engels, W.R., and Preston, C.R., 1984, Formation of chromosomal rearrangements by P factors in Drosophila melanogaster,Genetics 107:657–678.
Fitzpatrick, G.J., and Sved, J.A., 1986, High levels of fitness modifiers induced by hybrid dysgenesis in Drosophila melanogaster,Genet. Res. 48:89–94.
Frankham, R., 1980, Origin of genetic variation in selection lines, in: Selection Experiments in Laboratory and Domestic Animals (A. Robertson, ed.), Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough, pp. 56–68.
Harcourt, R., 1987, Molecular and genetic characterisation of a P element insertion in Drosophila melanogaster, Unpublished B.Sc.Agr. thesis, University of Sydney.
Hill, W.G., 1982a, Rate of change in quantitative traits from fixation of new mutations, Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. USA 79:142–145.
Hill, W.G., 1982b, Prediction of response to artificial selection from new mutations, Genet. Res. 40:225–278.
Hollingdale, B., and Barker, J.S.F., 1971, Selection for increased abdominal bristle number in Drosophila melanogaster with concurrent irradiation. I. Populations derived from an inbred line, Theor. & Appl. Genet. 41:208–215.
Junakovic, N., Di Franco, C., Barsanti, P., and Palumbo, G., 1986, Transposition of Copia-like nomadic elements can be induced by heat shock, J. Mol. Evol. 24:89–93.
Keightley, P.D., and Hill W.G., 1983, Effects of linkage on response to directional selection from new mutations, Genet. Res. 42:193–206.
Keightley, P.D., and Hill W.G., 1987, Directional selection and variation in finite populations, Genetics 117:573–582.
Keightley, P.D., and Hill W.G., 1988, Quantitative genetic variability maintained by mutation-stabilising selection balance in finite populations, Genet. Res. 52:33–43.
Kidwell, M.G., Kidwell, J.F., and Sved, J.A., 1977, Hybrid dysgenesis in Drosophila melanogaster: a syndrome of aberrant traits including mutation, sterility and male recombination, Genetics 86:813–833.
Kimura, M., 1985, The neutral theory of molecular evolution, New Scientist 107:43–46.
Kitagawa, O., 1967, The effects of X-ray irradiation on selection response in Drosophila melanogaster,Jap. J. Genet. 42:121–137.
Lande, R., 1975, The maintenance of genetic variability by mutation in a polygenic character with linked loci, Genet. Res. 26:221–235.
Laski, F.A., Rio, D.C., and Rubin, G.M., 1986, Tissue specificity of Drosophila P element transposition is regulated at the level of mRNA splicing, Cell 44:7–19.
Lindsley, D.L., and Grell, E.H., 1968, Genetic Variations of Drosophila melanogaster, Carnegie Institute of Washington, Publication no. 627.
Lynch, M., 1988, The rate of polygenic mutation, Genet. Res. 51:137–148.
Mackay, T.F.C., 1984, Jumping genes meet abdominal bristles: hybrid dysgenesis-induced quantitative variation in Drosophila melanogaster,Genet. Res. 44:231–237.
Mackay, T.F.C., 1985, Transposable element-induced response to artificial selection in Drosophila melanogaster,Genetics 111:351–374.
Mackay, T.F.C., 1986, Transposable element-induced fitness mutations in Drosophila melanogaster,Genet. Res. 48:77–87.
Mackay, T.F.C., 1987a, Transposable element-induced polygenic mutations in Drosophila melanogaster,Genet. Res. 49:225–233
Mackay, T.F.C., 1987b, Transposable element-induced quantitative genetic variation in Drosophila, in: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Quantitative Genetics (B.S. Weir, E.J. Eisen, M.M. Goodman, and G. Namkoong, eds), Sinauer, Sunderland, Mass., pp. 219–235.
McClintock, B., 1978, Mechanisms that rapidly reorganise the genome, in: Stadler Symposium, Vol. 10, (G.P. Reder, ed.), Columbia, Mo., pp. 25–48.
Morton, R.L., 1988, Genetic characterisation of a high bristle line of Drosophila melanogaster produced under selection in a dysgenic cross, Unpublished B.Sc.Agr. thesis, University of Sydney.
Mukai, T., and Yukuhiro, K., 1983, An extremely high rate of deleterious viability mutations in Drosophila possibly caused by transposons in non-coding regions, Jap. J. Genet. 59:316–319.
Nitasaka, E., Mukai, T., and Yamazaki, T., 1987, Repressor of P elements in Drosophila melanogaster: Cytotype determination by a defective P element carrying only open reading frames 0 through 2, Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. USA 84:7605–7608.
O’Hare, K., and Rubin, G.M., 1983, Structures of P transposable elements and their sites of insertion and excision in the Drosophila melanogaster genome, Cell 34:25–35.
Palmer, A.R., and Strobeck, C., 1986, Fluctuating asymmetry: measurement, analysis, patterns, Annu. Rev. Ecol. & Syst. 17:391–421.
Rio, D.C., 1988, P elements in Drosophila melanogaster: their molecular biology and use as vector systems, in: Transposition (A. J. Kingsman, K. F. Chater, and S. M. Kingsman, eds), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 287–300.
Rubin, G.M., Kidwell, M.G., and Bingham, P.M., 1982, The molecular basis of P-M hybrid dysgenesis: the nature of induced mutations, Cell 29:987–994.
Simmons, M.J., Raymond, J.D., Culbert, P., and Laverty, T.R., 1984, Analysis of dysgenesis induced lethal mutations on the X chromosome of a Q strain of Drosophila melanogaster,Genetics 107:49–63.
Simmons, M.J., Raymond, J.D., Johnson, N.A., and Fahey, T.M., 1984, A comparison of mutation rates for specific loci and chromosome regions in dysgenic hybrid males of Drosophila melanogaster,Genetics 106:85–94.
Snyder, M., and Doolittle, W.F., 1988, P elements in Drosophila: selection at many levels, Trends Genet. 4:147–149.
Spradling, A.C., and Rubin, G.M., 1982, Transposition of cloned P elements into Drosophila germ line chromosomes, Science 218:341–347.
Torkamanzehi, A., Moran, C., and Nicholas, F.W., 1988, P element-induced mutation and quantitative variation in Drosophila melanogaster: lack of enhanced response to selection in lines derived from dysgenic crosses, Genet. Res., 51:231–238.
Voelker, R.A., Greenleaf, A., Gyurkovics, H., Wisely, G., Huang, S., and Searles, L., 1984, Frequent imprecise excision among reversions of P element-caused lethal mutations in Drosophila,Genetics 107:279–294.
Yukuhiro, K., Harada, K., and Mukai, T., 1985, Viability mutations induced by P elements in Drosophila melanogaster,Jap. J. Genet. 60:531–537.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Moran, C., Torkamanzehi, A. (1990). P-Elements and Quantitative Variation in Drosophila. In: Barker, J.S.F., Starmer, W.T., MacIntyre, R.J. (eds) Ecological and Evolutionary Genetics of Drosophila . Monographs in Evolutionary Biology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8768-8_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8768-8_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-8770-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-8768-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive