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Peripheral Membrane Proteins

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Biological Membranes

Abstract

The founding principle behind structural biology is that form equals function. Nowhere is this relation more apparent than in proteins that operate in environments in which aqueous and lipophilic phases meet. This biphasic environment strongly influences both the structure and function of these proteins. Membrane proteins can be classified as integral or peripheral, depending upon the nature of the protein-membrane association. For proteins in the former category, the membrane is an integral part of their structures, which are greatly perturbed by disruption of the membrane by detergents. The extent of interaction with the lipid bilayer is usually obvious by simple inspection of the protein structure because of what is known about lipid physical chemistry, i.e., that there is a large energy cost to burying uncompensated polar or charged protein residues in a strongly hydrophobic milieu. For example, the membrane-embedded portions of transmembrane proteins, such as bacterial reaction centers and porins, are localized by the extensive hydrophobic regions, which are frequently bordered by aromatic side-chains, found on the surfaces of these proteins. For these transmembrane proteins, whose functional roles are to transfer energy or substances from one aqueous pool to another across a nonaqueous barrier, the membrane serves to organize the protein structure. In contrast to integral membrane proteins, those classified as peripheral can be released from their membrane attachment through gentler means, without disruption of either membrane or protein structure.

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Authors
  1. Barbara A. Seaton
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  2. Mary F. Roberts
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, 152 Davey Laboratory, 16802, University Park, PA, USA

    Kenneth M. Merz Jr.

  2. Groupe de Recherche en Transport Membranaire (GRTM) Départements de physique et de chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3C 3J7

    Benoît Roux

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© 1996 Birkhäuser Boston

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Seaton, B.A., Roberts, M.F. (1996). Peripheral Membrane Proteins. In: Merz, K.M., Roux, B. (eds) Biological Membranes. Birkhäuser Boston. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8580-6_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8580-6_12

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Boston

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-8582-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-8580-6

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