Skip to main content

Abstract

Sample preparation is the first step in the mycological analysis of foods. It is obvious that sample preparation needs to be standardized if comparable results are to be obtained in different laboratories.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • JARVIS, B., SEILER, D. A. L. OULD, ANGELA, J. L. and WILLIAMS, A. P. 1983 Observations on the enumeration of moulds in food and feeding stuffs. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 55, 325–336.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • KILSBY, D. C. and PUGH, M. E. 1981 The relevance of the distribution of micro-organisms within batches of food to the control of microbiological hazards from foods. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 51, 345–354.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • ANDREWS, W. H., WILSON, C. R., POELMA, P. L., ROMERO, A., RUDE, R. A., DURAN, A. P., McCLURE, F. D. and GENTILE, D. E. 1978 Usefulness of the Stomacher in a microbiological regulatory laboratory. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 35, 89–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • DOWDY, S. and WEARDEN, S. 1983 Statistics for Research. New York: John Wiley and Sons.

    Google Scholar 

  • EMSWILER, B. S., PIERSON, C. J. and KOTULA, A. W. 1977 Stomaching vs. blending. Food Technology, Champaign. 31, 40–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • TUTTLEBEE, J. W. 1975 The Stomacher–its use for homogenization in food microbiology. Journal of Food Technology 10, 113–122.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • U. S. FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION. 1980 Bacteriological Analytical Manual, 5th ed. 1980 supplement. Washington, D. C.: Association of Official Analytical Chemists.

    Google Scholar 

  • JARVIS, B., SEILER, D. A. L., OULD, ANGELA J. L. and WILLIAMS, A. P. 1983 Observations on the enumeration of molds in food and feedstuffs.Journal of Applied Bacteriology 55, 325–336.

    Google Scholar 

  • SANSING, G. A. and CIEGLER, A. 1973 Hass propagation of conidia from several Aspergillus and Penicillium species. Applied Microbiology 26, 830–831.

    Google Scholar 

  • SPECK, M. L. (ed). 1976 Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods. Washington, D. C.: American Public Health Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • STEEL, R. G. and TORRIE, J. H. 1980 Principles and Procedures of Statistics, a Biometrical Approach. 2nd edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co. p. 235.

    Google Scholar 

  • TAN, S. Y., MAKCY, R. B. and STROUP, W. W. 1983 Colony forming unit enumeration by a plant-MPN method. Journal of Food Protection 46, 836–841.

    Google Scholar 

  • SHARPE, A. N. and JACKSON, A. K. 1972 Stomaching; A new concept in bacteriological sample preparation. Applied Microbiology 24, 175–178.

    Google Scholar 

  • ANON. 1981 Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 15th ed. Washington, D.C.: American Public Health Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • GERHARDT, P. 1981 Diluents and biomass measurements. In Manual of Methods for General Bacteriology ed. Gerhardt, P. Ch. 25, pp. 504–507. Washington, D.C.: American Society for Microbiology.

    Google Scholar 

  • GILLILAND, S. E., BUSTA, F. F., BRINDA, J. J. and CAMPBELL, J. E. 1976 Aerobic Plate Count. In Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods ed. Speck, M.L. Ch. 4, pp. 107–131. Washington, D.C.: American Public Health Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • JENSON, J. P., HUHTANEN, C. N. and Bell, R. H. 1978 Culture media and preparation. In Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products, 14th edition ed. Harth, E.H. Ch. 4, pp. 55–75. Washington, D.C.: American Public Health Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • U. S. FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION 1980 Bacteriological Analytical Manual, 5th ed., 1980 supplement. Washington, D.C.: Association of Official Analytical Chemists.

    Google Scholar 

  • FISHER, D. J., HOLLOWAY, P. J. and RICHMOND, D. V. 1982 Fatty acid and hydrocarbon constituents of the surface and wall lipids of some fungal spores. Journal of General Microbiology 57, 51–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • FISHER, D. J. and RICHMOND, D. V. 1970 The electrophoretic properties and some surface components of Penicillium conidia. Journal of General Microbiology 64, 205–214.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • JARVIS, B. 1978 Methods for detecting fungi in foods and beverages. In Food and Beverage Mycology. ed. Beuchat, L.R. pp. 471–504. Westport, CT: AVI Publ. Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • BOOTH, C. 1971 Introduction to General Methods. In Methods in Microbiology, Vol. 4, ed. by Booth, C., London: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • EBC 1981 EBC Analytica Microbiologica: Part II. Journal of Institute of Brewing 87, 303–321.

    Google Scholar 

  • JARVIS, B. 1978 Methods for detecting fungi in foods and beverages. In Food and Beverage Mycology, ed. by Beuchat, L. R. Westport, CT: Avi Publ. Co.

    Google Scholar 

  • VOGEL, A. I. 1961 A Textbook of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis Including Elementary Instrumental Analysis, 3rd ed., London: Longman.

    Google Scholar 

  • BOOTH, C. 1971 Introduction to general methods. In Methods in MicrobiologyVol. 4. ed Booth, C. pp 1–47. London and New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • FRISVAD, J.C. 1983 A selective and indicative medium for groups of Penicillium viridicatum producing different mycotoxins in cereals. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 54, 409–416.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • GAMS, W. AA., H. A. VAN DER, PLAATS-NITERINK, A. J. VAN DER, SAMSON, R. A. and STALPERS, J. A. 1980 CBS Course of Food Mycology. 2nd ed. Baarn: Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures. 109 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • MISLIVEC, P. B. and BRUCE, V. R. 1977 Incidence of toxic and other mold species and genera in soybeans. Journal of Food Protection 40, 309–312.

    Google Scholar 

  • PEPPER, E. A. 1961 The Microflora of Barley, Their Isolation, Characterization, Etiology, and Effects on Barley. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University. ( Thesis).

    Google Scholar 

  • PORTER, R. H. 1944 Testing the quality of seeds for farm and garden. Iowa Agricultural Experimental Station Research Bulletin 344, 495–586.

    Google Scholar 

  • WALLACE, H. A. M. and SINHA, R. N. 1962 Fungi associated with hot spots in farm stored grain. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 42, 130–141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • BLASER, P. and SCHMIDT-LORENZ, W. 1981 Aspergillus flavus kontamination von nussen, mandeln und mais mit bekannten aflatoxin-gehalten. Lebensmittel Wissenschaft und Technologie 14, 252–259.

    Google Scholar 

  • FILTENBORG, O. and FRISVAD, J. C. 1980 A simple screening-method for toxigenic moulds in pure cultures. Lebensmittel Wissenschaft und Technologie 13, 128–130.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • FRISVAD, J. C. 1983 A selective and indicative medium for groups of Penicillium viridicatum producing different mycotoxins in cereals. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 54, 409–416.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • LILLEHOJ, E. B. and ELLING, F. 1963 Environmental factors that facilitate ochratoxin contamination of agricultural commodities. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica 33, 113–128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • LILLEHOJ, E. B. and GORANSSON, B. 1980 Occurence of ochratoxin-and citrininproducing fungi on developing Danish barley grain. Acta Pathologies et Microbiologica Scandinavica Section B 88, 133–137.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • NESHEIM, A., HARDIN, N. F., FRANCIS, 0. J. and LANGHAM, W. S. 1973 Analysis of ochratoxin A and B and their esters in barley, using partition and thin layer chromatography. 1. Development of the method. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists 56, 817–821.

    Google Scholar 

  • SANSING, G. A. and CIEGLER, A. 1973 Mass propagation of conidia from several Aspergillus and Penicillium species. Applied Microbiology 26, 830–831.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • STEEL, R. G. and TORRIE, J. H. 1980 Principles and Procedures of Statistics, A Biometrical Approach. 2nd edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co. 235 pp.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1986 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Jarvis, B. et al. (1986). Sample Preparation. In: King, A.D., Pitt, J.I., Beuchat, L.R., Corry, J.E.L. (eds) Methods for the Mycological Examination of Food. NATO ASI Series, vol 122. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8453-3_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8453-3_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-8455-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-8453-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics