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Biological Psychiatry, Higher Nervous Activity pp 77–84Cite as

Trait, State, HPA Activity in Depression

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Abstract

Presently the only trait variables that we have in affective disorder are the family history or the history of a mania. In unipolar depression it is possible to have a family history of depression or family history of alcoholism. Most patients are sporadic because they would have no family history at all.

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References

  1. Winokur, G.. 1982, The development and validity of familial subtypes in primary unipolar depression. Pharmacopsychiatrica, 15:142–146.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Iowa College of Medicine, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA

    George Winokir & Bruce Pfohl

  2. Dept. of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA

    Barry Sherman

Authors
  1. George Winokir
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  2. Bruce Pfohl
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  3. Barry Sherman
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Académie de Paris, Université René Descartes, Paris, France

    P. Pichot

  2. University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

    P. Berner , R. Wolf  & K. Thau ,  & 

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© 1985 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Winokir, G., Pfohl, B., Sherman, B. (1985). Trait, State, HPA Activity in Depression. In: Pichot, P., Berner, P., Wolf, R., Thau, K. (eds) Biological Psychiatry, Higher Nervous Activity. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8329-1_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8329-1_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-8331-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-8329-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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