Abstract
The significance of kinetics in the ordering process in metal oxide gels and gel-monoliths during densification is discussed. Cry stallinity of TiO2 gels after different thermal treatments were examined by x-ray diffraction and electron diffraction techniques. The sequence of phase transformation was noncrystalline gel anatase + rutile. Crystallinity of gel powders and gel-monoliths of two compositions in the Na2O-Ba2O3-SiO2 system were examined after thermal treatment at different temperatures above the Tg. Results indicate that the crystallization rates are controlled by the composition and the catalytic activity of Na+ ions associated with hydroxy1 ions in rupturing the Si-O-Si bonds. Porous gel-monoliths are transformed into transparent monocrystalline glass by appropriate heat treatment just above Tg.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
H. Dislich, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. (Engl.), 10 [6], 363–70 (1971).
K. Kamiya, S. Sakka, and I. Yamanaka, pp. 13–14 in Tenth Inter. Congress on Glass, Part II, edited by M. Kunugi, M. Tashiro, and N. Saga, Ceramic Soc. of Japan, Kyoto, 1974.
S. P. Mukherjee, J. Zarzycki, and J. P. Traverse, J. Mater. Sci., 11 [2], 341–55 (1976).
S. P. Mukherjee, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 42, 477–88 (1980).
C. J. Brinker and S. P. Mukherjee, J. Mater. Sci., 16, 1980–88 (1981).
B. E. Yoldas, J. Appl. Chem. Biotechnol., 23, 803–09 (1973).
I. M. Brown and K. S. Mazdiyasni, J. Amer. Ceram. Soc., 53 [11] 590–94 (1970).
S. P. Mukherjee and J. C. Debsikdar, presented at the 84th Annual Meeting of Amer. Ceram. Soc., Cincinnati, OH, May 2–5 1981.
H. Murayawa, K. Kobayashi, M. Koishi, and K. Meguro, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 32 [3], 470–76 (1970).
S. P. Mukherjee, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 48, 177–84 (1982).
J. Zarzycki, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 48, 105–16 (1982).
C. Mougey, J. Francois-Rossetti, and B. Imelik, pp. 266–84 in Structure and Properties of Porous Materials, edited by D. H Everett and F. S. Stone, Academic Press, NY, 1958.
S. Kondo, F. Fujiwara, and M. Muroya, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 55 [2], 421–30 (1976).
P. Cloos, A. J. Leonard, J. P. Moreau, H. Herbillon, and J. J. Fripiat, Clay and Clay Minerals, 17, 279–87 (1969).
S. P. Mukherjee and J. Zarzycki, J. Amer. Ceram. Soc., 62, 1–2 (1979).
J. Phalippou, M. Prassas, and J. Zarzycki, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 48, 17–30 (1982).
S. P. Mukherjee, pp. 321–31 in Materials Processing in the Reduced Gravity Environment of Space, edited by G. E. Rindone, North-Holland, NY, 1982.D. C.
Bradley, R. Gaze, and W. Wardlaw, J. Chem. Soc., 3977 (1955).
A. Mathews, Am. Mineral., 61, 419–24 (1976).
W. S. Fyfe, F. J. Turner, and J. Verhoogen, Geol. Soc. Am. Mem., 73, 259 (1958).
R. A. Robie and D. R. Waldbaum, U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull., 1259, 256 (1968).
A. S. Campbell and W. S. Fyfe, Am. Mineral., 45, 464–68 (1960).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1984 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mukherjee, S.P. (1984). Inorganic Oxide Gels and Gel-Monoliths: Their Crystallization Behavior. In: Davis, R.F., Palmour, H., Porter, R.L. (eds) Emergent Process Methods for High-Technology Ceramics. Materials Science Research, vol 17. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8205-8_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8205-8_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-8207-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-8205-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive