Skip to main content

International Health Criteria Documents and Guidelines for Electromagnetic Fields

  • Chapter
Book cover Electromagnetic Interaction with Biological Systems
  • 140 Accesses

Abstract

Due to the growing concerns about safety of NIR exposure and the expanding uses of NIR in medicine, science and technology, the Inter-national Radiation Protection Association (IRPA) organized a session on non-ionizing radiation (NIR) during the 3rd International IRPA Congress in Washington, D.C., in 1973. As a follow-up to the discussions during this meeting, the Executive Council of IRPA instituted a study group to review the needs and the international situation in the field of NIR protection. Based on the recommendations of this group, the IRPA constitution was amended during the 4th Congress in Paris, France, in 1977, to include NIR protection, and the International Non-Ionizing Radiation Committee (IRPA/INIRC) was established. IRPA charged the Committee with the tasks of assessing the present knowledge on biological and health effects of NIR, developing criteria documents, health protection recommendations, and exploring ways and means for furthering NIR protection activities in cooperation with other interested bodies. During the past ten years an international framework was established for this purpose, and is presented schematically in Fig.l.

Member International Non-Ionizing Radiation Committee of the International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA/INIRC)

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 1982, American national standards safety levels with respect to human exposure to radiofrequency electro-magnetic fields, 300 kHz to 100 GHz. IEEE, New York, N.Y., ANSI C95. 1. 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernhardt, J.H., 1979, The direct influence of electromagnetic fields on nerve and muscle cells in man within the frequency range of 1 Hz and 30 MHz. Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 16: 309–329.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernhardt, J.H., 1988, The establishment of frequency dependent limits for electric and magnetic fields and evaluation of indirect effects. Radiat.Environ. Biophys. 27: 1–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chou, C.-K., and Guy, A.W., 1985, Research on nonionizing radiation: Physical aspects in extrapolating infrahuman data to man. In: Monahan, J.C., and D’Andrea, J.A. (eds), Behavioral Effects of Microwave Radiation Absorption. HHS Publ. FDA 85–8238, U.S. D.H.E.W., PHS, FDA, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Rockville, MD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Czerski, P. 1986, The developent of biomedical approaches andconcepts of radiofrequency radiation protection. J.Microwave Power 21: 9–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 1984, Biological Effects of Radiofrequency Radiation. Elder, J.A., and Cahill, D.F. (eds). EPA-600/8–83/026F. U.S.EPA, Research Triangle Park, N.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hjeresen, D.L., Francendese, A., and O’Donnell, J.M., 1988, Microwave attenuation of ethanol-induced hypothermia: Ethanol tolerance, time course, exposure duration, and dose response studies. Bioelectromagnetics 9: 63–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • IRPA/INIRC, 1984, Interim guidelines on limits of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 100 kHz to 300 GHz. Health Physics 46: 975–984.

    Google Scholar 

  • IRPA/INIRC, 1988, Guidelines on limits of exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 100 kHz to 300 GHz. Health Physics 54: 115–123.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lai, H., Horita A., Chou C.-K., and Guy, A.W. 1987, Microwave irradiation and actions of psychoactive drugs: A review. IEEE Eng.Med.Biol. 6: 31–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Monahan, J.C., Kues, H.A., McLeod, D.S., D’Anna, S.A., and Lutty, G.A.,1988, Lowering of microwave exposure threghold for induction of primate ocular effects by timolol maleate. 10 Ann. Mtg of the Bioelectromagnetics Society, Stamford, CT, abstr. p. 48.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP), 1986, Biological Effects and Exposure Criteria for Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields. NCRP Report No 86. NCRP, Bethesda, MD.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Czerski, P., Bernhardt, J.H. (1989). International Health Criteria Documents and Guidelines for Electromagnetic Fields. In: Lin, J.C. (eds) Electromagnetic Interaction with Biological Systems. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8059-7_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8059-7_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-8061-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-8059-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics