Skip to main content

Glutamate and Anoxic Neuronal Death in Vitro

  • Chapter
Excitatory Amino Acids and Epilepsy

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 203))

Abstract

Identifying the factors responsible for the exquisite sensitivity of the brain to anoxia and ischemia has been very difficult with currently available preparations. During the past three years, our laboratory has utilized two fairly well characterized in vitro preparations to study the effects of anoxia on central mammalian neurons. The experiments described below, which employed cultures of dissociated hippocampal neurons and slices of rat hippocampus, implicate the synaptic release of glutamate (Glu) in the pathophysiology of anoxic neuronal death.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Banker, G., and Cowan, W.M., 1977, Rat hippocampal neurons in dispersed cell culture, Brain Res. 126: 397.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartlett, W.P., and Banker, G.A., 1984, An electron microscopic study of the development of axons and dendrites by hippocampal neurons in culture. H. Synaptic relationships, J. Neurosci. 4:1954.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bosley, T.M., Woodhams, P.L., Gordon, R.D., and Balázs, R., 1983, Effects of anoxia on the stimulated release of amino acid neurotransmitters in the cerebellum in vitro, J. Neurochem. 40:189.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Choi, D.W., 1985, Glutamate neurotoxicity in cortical cell culture is calcium-dependent, Neurosci. Lett. 58:293.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, G., Samaie, M., and Rothman, S., 1985, Blockade of synaptic transmis- sion protects rat hippocampal slice from hypoxia, Ann. Neurol. 18:385.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crunelli, V., Forda, S., and Kelly, J.S., 1983, Blockade of amino acid-induced depolarizations and inhibition of excitatory post-synaptic potentials in rat dentate gyrus, J. Physiol. 341:627.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dingledine, R., 1983, N-methylaspartate activates voltage dependent calcium conductance in rat hippocampal pyramidal cells, J. Physiol. 343:385.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, M.D., Lecar, H., Brenneman, D.E., Fitzgerald, S., and Nelson, P.G., 1982, Electrical development in spinal cord cell culture, J. Neurosci. 2:1052.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kass, I.S., and Lipton, P., 1982, Mechanisms involved in irreversible anoxic damage to the in vitro rat hippocampal slice, J. Physiol. 332:459.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kuffler, S.W., Nicholls, J.G., and Martin, A.R., 1984, From Neuron to Brain. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lynch, G., and Baudry, M., 1984, The biochemistry of memory: a new and specific hypothesis, Science. 274: 1057.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayer, M.L., and Westbrook, G.L., 1984, Mixed-agonist action of excitatory amino acids on mouse spinal cord neurons under voltage clamp, J. Physiol. 354:29.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olney, J.W., 1978, Neurotoxicity of excitatory amino acids, in: Kainic Acid as a Tool in Neurobiology. E.G. McGeer, J.W. Olney, and P.L. McGeer, eds., Raven, New York, p. 95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peacock, J.H., 1979, Electrophysiology of dissociated hippocampal cultures from fetal mice, Brain Res. 169: 247.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peacock, J.H., Rush, D.F., and Mathers, L.H., 1979, Morphology of dissocia-ted hippocampal cultures from fetal mice, Brain Res. 169: 231.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, M.B., Anderson, K.D., Koerner, J.F., 1984, Kynurenic acid as an antagonist of hippocampal excitatory transmission, Brain Res. 309: 119.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg, P.A., Schweitzer, J.S., and Dichter, M.A., 1984, Norepinephrine increases synaptic activity in rat cerebral cortex in dissociated cell culture, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 10:70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rothman, S.M., and Cowan, W.M., 1981, A scanning electron microscope study of the in vitro development of dissociated hippocampal cells, J. Comp. Neurol. 195:141.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rothman, S.M., 1983, Synaptic activity mediates death of hypoxic neurons, Science. 270: 536.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rothman, S., 1984, Synaptic release of excitatory amino acid neurotrans-mitter mediates anoxic neuronal death, J. Neurosci. 4:1884.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rothman, S.M., 1985, The neurotoxicity of excitatory amino acids is produced by passive chloride influx, J. Neurosci. 5:1483.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rothman, S.M., and Samaie, M., 1985, The physiology of excitatory synaptic transmission in cultures of dissociated rat hippocampus, J. Neurophvsiol. 54:701.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rothman, S.M., and Olney, J.W., 1986, Glutamate and the pathophysiology of hypoxic/ischemic brain damage, Ann. Neurol. 19:105.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Segal, M., 1983, Rat hippocampal neurons in culture: responses to electrical and chemical stimuli, J. Neurophvsiol. 50:1249.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Silverstein, F.S., Buchanan, F., and Johnston, M.V., 1985, Hypoxia-ischemia gauses severe but reversible depression of striatal synaptosomal H-glutamate uptake, Ann. Neurol. 18:122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simon, R.P., Swan, J.H., Griffiths, T., and Melarum, B.S., 1984, Blockade of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors may protect against ischemic damage in the brain, Science. 226: 850.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thomson, A.M., West, D.C., and Lodge, D., 1985, An N-methylaspartate receptor-mediated synapse in rat cerebral cortex: a site of action of ketamine?, Nature. 313: 479.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Westbrook, G.C., and Mayer, M.L., 1984, Glutamate currents in mammalian spinal neurons: resolution of a paradox, Brain Res. 301: 375.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1986 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Rothman, S.M. (1986). Glutamate and Anoxic Neuronal Death in Vitro . In: Schwarcz, R., Ben-Ari, Y. (eds) Excitatory Amino Acids and Epilepsy. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 203. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7971-3_52

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7971-3_52

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-7973-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-7971-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics