Abstract
Photovoltaics deals with the conversion of sunlight directly into electrical energy. All of the photovoltaic devices (solar cells) that are discussed here are fabricated from various semiconductor materials. Photovoltaics is thus based on the fact that a solar photon has an energy hV, can generate electrical carriers in the semiconductor, and thus photocurrent.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
K.W. Böer, Solar Energy 19, 525 (1977).
J.P. McKelvey, Solid State and Semiconductor Physics, Harper & Row (1966).
S.M. Sze, Physics of Semiconductor Devices, Wiley (1969).
E.S. Yang, Fundamentals of Semiconductor Devices, McGraw-Hill (1978).
R.A. Smith, Semiconductors, Cambridge University Press (1964).
M.P. Prince, Jour. Appl. Phys. 26, 534 (1955).
C.D. Mathers, Jour. Appl. Phys. 48, 3181 (1977).
A. van der Ziel, Solid State Physical Electronics, Prentice-Hall (1976).
A.G. Milnes and D.L. Feucht, Heterojunctions and Metal-Semiconductor Junctions, Academic Press (1972).
H.J. Hovel, Soler Cells, vol. 11 of Semiconductors and Semi-metals, W.Beer, ed., Academic Press (1975).
D.E. Carlson, IEEE Trans. Elec. Dev ED-24, 449 (1977).
J.M. Woodall and H.J.Hovel, Appl. Phys. Lett. 30 (1977).
J.N. Hartley and W.T.Pawlewicz, Proceedings of the DOE Photo-voltaics Program Semi-Annual Review (Oct. 1977).
R.J. Stirn and Y.C.M. Yeh, Appl. Phys. Lett. 27, 95 (1975).
H.J. Hovel, IBM J. Res. Develop. 22, 112 (1978).
Allen Rothwarf, Technical Report IEC/PV/TR/76/5, Institute of Energy Conversion, University of Delaware (1976).
A.M. Barnett et al., 13th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Washington, D.C. (1978) (p. 419 ).
J.L. Shay et al., 12th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference Proceedings, p. 540 (1976)(IEEE - New York).
L.L. Kazmerski, Second Quarter Report, Grant AER 75-19576A01, University of Maine at Orono (April 1977).
L.C. Burton et al., 19th Annual Electronic Materials Conference, Cornell University (July 1, 1977 ).
C.Y. Wrigley, 12th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference Proceedings, p. 343.
J.M. Woodall and H.J.Hovel, Appl. Phys. Lett. 30, 492 (1977).
Reference 2. Also, S.Wagner et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 26, 229 (1975); J.Shay et al., Jour. Appl. Phys. 47, 614 (1975); M.Bettini et al., Jour. Appl. Phys. 48, 1603 (1977).
M.Bettini et al., Jour. Appl. Phys. 48, 1603 (1977).
A. Yoskikawa and Y. Sakia, Solid-State Electronics 20, 133 (1977).
J.L. Shay, S. Wagner and H.M. Casper, Appl. Phys. Lett. 27, 89 (1975).
K. Yamaguchi et al., Japanese Jour. Appl. Phys. 16, 1203 (1977).
K.S. Sree Harska et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 30, 645 (1977).
J.B. DuBow, D.E. Burk and J.R. Sites, Appl. Phys. Lett. 29, 494 (1976).
R.J. Stirn and Y.C.M. Yeh, Appl. Phys. Lett. 27, 95 (1975).
L.C. Burton et al., Jour. Electrochem. Soc. 123, 1741 (1976).
G. Haacke, Appl. Phys. Lett. 28, 622 (1976); A.Nozik, Phys. Rev. B, 6, 453 (1972).
A.G. Stanley, Appl. Sol. St. Sci. 5, 251 (1976).
R. Hill, Chapter 10 in Active and Passive Thin Film Devices, T.J.Coutts, ed., Academic Press (1978).
A. Rothwarf, Technical Report 72-03478 76/1, Institute of Energy Conversion, University of Delaware (1976).
L.R. Shiozawa et al., Aerospace Research Laboratories Report ARL 69-0155, Clevite Corporation, Cleveland, Ohio (1969).
L.C. Burton, Standard Procedures for CdS-Cu2S Solar Cell Production, University of Delaware Internal Report, Newark, Delaware (1977).
Reference 18, p. 526.
Reference 19, p. 7.
A.G. Milnes and D.L. Feucht, Heterojunctions and Metal-Semiconductor Junctions, Academic Press (1972).
W. Palz et al., Proc. 10th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Palo Alto, CA (IEEE, New York, 1973 ).
T.M. Peterson, Ph.D. Thesis (Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, 1975 ).
L.C. Burton and T.L. Hench, Appl. Phys. Lett. 29, 612 (1976).
S. Martinuzzi et al., Thin Solid Films 51, 211 (1978).
Final Report, NSF/RANN/AER 72-03478 FR/76, Institute of Energy Conversion, University of Delaware (1976).
W.M. Kane et al., J. Electrochem. Soc. 113, 136 (1966); D.Bonnet, Phys. stat, sol. (a) 11, K135 (1972); D.B.Fraser and H.D.Cook. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 11, 56 (1974).
Progress Report E (49-18) - 2538, Institute of Energy Conversion, University of Delaware, p. 17 (1977).
L.C. Burton et al., Proc. 12th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conf., Baton Rouge, LA (1976).
A. Rothwarf, Technical Reports NSF/RANN/SE/GI 34872 A03/TR 75/4 and TR 76/1, Institute of Energy Conversion, University of Delaware (1975 and 1976 respectively).
T.S. teVelde, Proc. 8th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conf., Seattle, WA (1970); Energy Conversion 15, 111 (1975).
W. DeVaney, S. Lorentz and J. Meakin, Proc. Photovoltaic Measurements Workshop, Baton Rouge, LA (1976).
Reference 31,p. 18.
K.L. Chopra et al., phys. stat. sol. (a) 45, 665 (1978).
L.C. Burton et al., Jour. Elec. Mater. 7, 159 (1978).
B. Baron et al., Technical Report IEC/PV/TR/78/6, Institute of Energy Conversion, University of Delaware (1978).
T.S. teVelde and J. Dieleman, Philips Res. Reports. 28, 573 (1973); R.Hill, Chapter 10 of Active and Passive Thin Film Devices, T.J.Coutts, ed. ( Academic Press, 1978 ).
A. Rothwarf, Technical Report NSF/RANN/AER 72-03478 A03/TR 75/3, Institute of Energy Conversion, University of Delaware (1975); A.Rothwarf, Technical Report NSF/RANN/SE/61 34784 A04/TR 76/1, University of Delaware (1976).
Final Report, NSF/RANN/AER 72-03478 A04 FR76, Institute of Energy Conversion, University of Delaware (March 1977).
J. Bougnot et al., International Workshop on CdS Solar Cells, University of Delaware, (1975) (proc. p. 337).
K. Okamoto and S. Kawai, Jap. J. Appl. Phys. 12, 1130 (1973).
T.S. teVelde, Sol. St. Electron. 16, 1305 (1973).
K.W. Böer, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 49, 455 (1978).
Final Report, E(49-18) - 2538 FR77, Institute of Energy Conver-sion, University of Delaware (1977) (p. 15 ); L.C.Burton, Univ. of Delaware Memorandum (September 1978 ).
N. Romeo et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 32, 807 (1978).
Y. Sakurai et al., Jap. J. Appl. Phys. 16, 2115 (1977).
R.H. Bube et al., Jour. Appl. Phys. 48, 3162 (1977).
L.C. Burton, D. Dwight and M. Zeller, Photovoltaic Materials and Device Workshop, Arlington, VA (June 1979).
D.E. Carlson and C.R. Wronski, Appl. Phys. Lett. 28, 671 (1976).
C.R. Wronski, IEEE Trans. Elec. Dev. ED-24, 351 (1977).
J.L. Shay and J.H. Wernick, Ternary Chalcopyrite Semiconductors, Pergamon Press (1975).
M.A. Littlejohn, ERDA National Solar Photovoltaic Program Review Meeting (CONF 760837-P2), p. 890 (1976).
J.L. Shay et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 28, 31 (1976).
J. C. Mikkelson and H. Kildal, Jour. Appl. Phys. 49, 426 (1978).
W.R. Runyan, Semiconductor Measurements and Instrumentation, McGraw Hill (1975).
L. Marton, Methods of Experimental Phyvics, vol. 6, Solid State Physics, Academic Press (1959).
H.W. Brandhorst, ERDA/NASA Report 1022/76/8, Lewis Research Centre, Cleveland, Ohio (1976).
A. Rothwarf and H.C. Hadley, Jr., Technical Report NSF/RANN 72-03478 TR 75/2, Institute of Energy Conversion, University of Delaware (1975).
E.S.Yang, Fundamentals of Semiconductor Devices, McGraw-Hill (1978).
J.J. Oakes et al., Journ. Appl. Phys. 48, 2548 (1977).
S.M. Sze, Physics of Semiconductor Devices, Wiley-Interscience (1969).
O.S. Heavens, Optical Properties of Thin Solid Films, Dover (1965).
J.I. Pankove, Optical Processes in Semiconductors, PrenticeHall (1971).
W. Devaney et al., Photovoltaic Measurements Workshop Proceedings, Baton Rouge, LA (1976).
L.J. vander Pauw, Philips Res. Rept. 13, 1 (1958).
L.C. Burton and H.M. Windawi. Jour. Appl. Phys. 47, 4621 (1976).
L.C. Burton et al., Jour. Electrochem. Soc. 123, 1741 (1976).
E.D. Stokes and T.L.Chu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 30, 425 (1977).
L.C. Burton et al., Photovoltaic Materials and Device Measurement Workshop Proceedings, Arlington, VA (June 1979).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1980 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Burton, L.C. (1980). Photovoltaics. In: Riazuddin (eds) Physics and Contemporary Needs. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7624-8_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7624-8_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-7626-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-7624-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive