Abstract
TRH is a tripeptide which was discovered in the context of hypothalamic-thyroid function but which is now known to be widely distributed throughout the CNS (Jackson, 1982). The majority of TRH in the CNS is extrahypothalamic and its regional concentrations are highly variant (Kubek et al., 1977).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Asberg, M., Thoren, P., Traskman, L., Bertilsson, L. and Ringberger, V., Serotonin depression — a biochemical subgroup within the affective disorders?, Science 191: 478–480 (1976).
Babington, R. G. and Wedeking, P. W., Blockade of tardive seizures in rats by electroconvulsive shock, Brain Res. 88: 141–144 (1975).
Balcom, G. J., Lenox, R. H. and Meyerhoff, J., Regional γ-aminobutyric acid levels in rat brain determined after microwave fixation, J. Neurochem. 24: 609–613 (1975).
Barton, J. L., Mehta, S. and Snaith, R. P., The prophylactic value of extra ECT in depressive illness, Acta Psychiat. Scand. 49: 386–392 (1973).
Brandon, S., Cowley, P., McDonald, C., Neville, P., Palmer, R. and Wellstood-Eason, S., Electroconvulsive therapy: Results in depressive illness from the Leicestershire trial, Br. Med. J. 288: 22–25 (1984).
Breese, G. R., Mueller, R. A., Mailman, R. B. and Frye, G. P., Effects of TRH on central nervous system function. In Lombardini, J. B. and Kenny, A. D., Eds. The Role of Peptides and Amino Acids as Neurotransmitters, Alan R. Liss, N. Y., pp. 99–116 (1981).
Fink, M., Convulsive Therapy: Theory and Practice, Raven Press, NY, p. 46 (1979).
Frankel, F. H. (ed.), Report No. 14 of The Amer. Psychiat. Assn. Task Force on Convulsive Therapy, APA, Washington, DC. (1978).
Freeman, C. P. L., Basson, J. V. and Crighton, A., Double-blind controlled trial of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and simulated ECT in depressive illness, Lancet i: 738–740 (1978).
Hong, J. S., Gillin, J. C., Yang, H.-Y. T. and Costa, E., Repeated electroconvulsive shocks and the brain content of endorphins, Brain Res. 177: 273–278 (1979).
Itil, T. M., Patterson, C. D., Polvan, N., Bigelow, A. and Bergey, B., Clinical and CNS effects of oral and I. V. thyrotropin-releasing hormone in depressed patients, Diseases of Nervous Syst. 36: 529–536 (1975).
Jackson, I. M. D., Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone, New Eng. J. Med., 306: 145–155 (1982).
Johansson, O., Hokfelt, T., Pernow, B., Jeffcoate, S. L., White, N., Steinbusch, H. W. M., Verhofstad, A. A. J., Emson, P. C. and Spindel, E., Immunohistochemical support for three putative transmitters in one neuron: coexistence of 5-hydroxytryptamine, substance P-and thyrotropin releasing hormone-like immunoactivity in medullary neurons projecting to the spinal cord, Neurosci. 6: 1857–1881 (1981).
Johnstone, E. C., Deakin, J. F. W., Lawler, P., Frith, C. D., Stevens, M., McPherson, K. and Crow, T. J., The Northwick Park electroconvulsive therapy trial, Lancet ii: 1317–1320 (1980).
Kastin, A. J., Ehrensing, R. H., Schalch, D. S. and Anderson, M. S., Improvement in mental depression with decreased thyrotropin response after administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone, Lancet ii: 740–742 (1972).
Kirkegaard, C., The thyrotropin response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone in endogenous depression, Psychoneuroendocrinology 6: 189–212 (1981).
Kubek, M. J. and Morzorati, S. L., Effect of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) kindled seizures on TRH levels in specific areas of the rat brain, Abstr. Soc. for Neurosci. 11: 884 (1985).
Kubek, M. J., Meyerhoff, J. L., Hill, T. G., Norton, J. A. and Sattin, A., Effects of subconvulsive and repeated electroconvulsive shock on thyrotropin-releasing hormone in rat brain, Life Sci. 36: 315–320 (1985).
Kubek, M. J. and Sattin, A., Effect of electroconvulsive shock on the content of thyrotropin-releasing hormone in rat brain, Life Sci. 34: 1149–1152 (1984).
Kubek, M. J., Lorincz, M. A. and Wilber, J. F., The identification of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) in hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic loci of the human nervous system, Brain Res. 126: 196–200 (1977).
Lamborn, J. and Gill, D., A controlled comparison of simulated and real ECT., Br. J. Psychiatry 133: 514–519 (1978).
Lerer, B. and Sitaram, N., Clinical strategies for evaluating ECT mechanisms — pharmacological, biochemical and psychophysiological approaches, Progr. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiat. 7: 309–333 (1983).
Lighten, C., Marsden, C. A., Bennett, G. W., Minchin, M. and Green, A. R., Decrease in levels of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in the N. accumbens and lumbar spinal cord following repeated electroconvulsive shock, Neuropharmacol. 23: 963–966 (1984).
Loosen, P. T., The TRH-induced TSH response in psychiatric patients: A possible neuroendocrine marker, Psychoneuroendocrinology 10: 237–260 (1985).
Loosen, P. T. and Prange, A. J., Jr., Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH): A useful tool for psychoneuroendocrine investigation, Psychoneuroendocrinology 5: 63–80 (1980).
Matsuishi, T., Yano, E., Inanaga, K., Terasawa, K., Ishihara, O., Shiotsuki, Y., Katafuchi, Y., Aoki, N. and Yamashita, F., A pilot study on the anticonvulsive effects of a thyrotropin-releasing hormone analog in intractable epilepsy, Brain & Development 5: 421–428 (1983).
Morimoto, K., Moriwake, T., Akiyama, T., Sato, M. and Otsuki, S., Anticonvulsant effect of a novel TRH analogue (DN-1417) on amygdaloid kindled seizure, Brain and Nerve 35: 189–195 (1983).
Perumal, A. S. and Barkai, A. I., Beta-adrenergic receptor binding in different regions of rat brain after various intensities of electroshock, Neurosci. Res. 7: 289–296 (1982).
Post, R. M., Putnam, F. W. and Contel, N. R., Electroconvulsive shock inhibits amygdala kindling, Abstr. Soc. for Neurosci. 7: 587 (1981).
Prange, A. J., Jr., Wilson, I. C., Lara, P. D., Alltop, L. B. and Breese, G. R., Effects of thyrotopin-releasing hormone in depression, Lancet ii: 999–1002 (1972).
Rose, R. M. (Chairman), Consensus Development Conference Statement: Electroconvulsive Therapy, Vol. 5, No. 11, Office of Med. Appl. of Res., NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA, Chapt. 1. (1985).
Sachar, E. J. and Baron, M., The biology of affective disorders, Ann. Rev. Neurosci. 2: 505–518 (1979).
Sattin, A., Hill, T. G., Meyerhoff, J. L. and Kubek, M. J., Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) remains elevated in limbic regions for 1–2 weeks following electroconvulsive shock (ECS), Abstr. Soc. for Neurosci. 11: 622 (1985).
Small, J. G. and Small, I. F., Clinical results: Indoklon vs. ECT, Semin. Psychiat. 4: 13–26 (1972).
van Praag, H. M., New evidence of serotonin-deficient depression, Neuropsychobiol. 3: 56–63 (1977).
Walczak, D., Meyerhoff, J., Bates, V. E., Lynch, T. and Kubek, M. J., Effect of partial and fully generalized kindled seizures on thyrotropin releasing hormone levels in specific cortical and subcortical regions of rat brain, Abstr. Soc. for Neurosci. 9: 485 (1983).
West, E. D., Electroconvulsive therapy in depression: A double-blind controlled trial, Br. Med. J. 282: 355–357 (1981).
Yarbrough, G. G., On the neuropharmacology of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH), Progr. Neurobiol. 12: 291–312 (1979).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1987 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sattin, A. (1987). A Possible Role for Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone (TRH) in Antidepressant Treatment. In: Ehrlich, Y.H., Lenox, R.H., Kornecki, E., Berry, W.O. (eds) Molecular Mechanisms of Neuronal Responsiveness. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 221. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7618-7_39
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7618-7_39
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-7620-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-7618-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive