Abstract
Transmitting engine power to the drawbar in agricultural and other off-highway vehicles is achieved through traction devices, namely wheels and tracks. Of the three principal ways of transmitting tractor-engine power into useful work—power takeoff, hydraulic, and drawbar—the least efficient and most used method is the drawbar. Basic configurations of wheels and tracks are modified to meet special operating conditions in various parts of the world. The predominate traction device is the pneumatic tire. The majority of this chapter deals with the theory and operating parameters of pneumatic tires for agricultural tractors. Terminology used in this chapter conforms, when possible, to ASAE Standard: ASAE S296.2.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ashmore, C., J. L. Turner, and E. C. Burt. “Predicting Tractive Performance of Logskidder Tires.” ASAE Paper 85-1579, 1985.
Bailey, A. C., and E. C. Burt. “Performance of Tandem, Dual, and Single Tires.” Trans. of ASAE, vol. 24, no. 5, 1981, p. 1103.
Burt, E. C., et al. “Combined Effects of Dynamic Load and Travel Reduction on Tire Performance.” Trans. of ASAE, vol. 22, no. 1, 1979, p. 40.
Dwyer, M. J. Some Aspects of Tyre Design and Their Effect on Agricultural Tractor Performance. Institution of Mechanical Engineers, England, 1975.
Dwyer, M. J. “The Tractive Performance of Wheeled Vehicles.” J. Terramechanks, vol. 21, no. 1, 1984, p. 19.
Dwyer, M. J., and G. Pearson, “A Field Comparison of the Tractive Performance of Two-and Four-Wheel Drive Tractors.” J. Agric. Eng’g Res., vol. 21, 1976, pp. 77–85.
Ellis, R. W. “Agricultural Tire Design Requirements and Selection Considerations.” ASAE Distinguished Lecture Series (Tractor Design No. 3), Dec. 13, 1977.
Freitag, D. R. “A Dimensional Analysis of the Performance of Pneumatic Tires on Soft Soils.” USAE Waterways Experiment Station, Technical Rep. No. 3-688, Aug. 1965.
Freitag, D. R. “Soil Dynamics as Related to Traction and Transport.” Proceedings of International Conference on Soil Dynamics, vol. 4, Auburn, AL, June 1985.
Reed, I. F., A. W. Cooper, and C. A. Reeves. “Effects of Two-Wheel and Tandem Drives on Traction and Soil Compacting Stresses.” Trans. of ASAE, vol. 2, no. 1, 1959, p. 22.
Tanaka, T. “Operation in Paddy Fields: State-of-the-Art Report.” J. Terramechanics, vol. 21, no. 2, 1984, p. 153.
Taylor, J. H. “Lug Spacing Effect on Traction of Pneumatic Tractor Tires.” Trans. of ASAE, vol. 17, no. 2, 1974, p. 195.
Taylor, J. H., E. C. Burt, and A. C. Bailey. “Radial Tire Performance in Firm and Soft Soils.” Trans. of ASAE, vol. 19, no. 6, 1976, p. 1062.
Taylor, J. H., et al. “Multipass behavior of a pneumatic tire in tilled soils.” Trans. of ASAE, vol. 25, no. 5, 1982, p. 1229.
Turnage, G. W. “Tire Selection and Performance Prediction for Off-Road Wheeled-Vehicle Operations.” Proceedings of Fourth International Conference of the International Society for the Terrain Vehicle Systems, vol. 1, Stockholm, Sweden, Apr. 1972.
Wismer, R. D., and H. J. Luth, “Off-road Traction Prediction for Wheeled Vehicles.” Trans. of ASAE, vol. 17, no. 1, 1974, p. 8.
Suggested Reading
Agricultural Engineers Yearbook, American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 1985.
Bailey, P. H. “The Comparative Performance of Some Traction Aids.” J. Agric. Eng’g Res. (England), vol. 1, no. 1, 1956.
Barger, E. L., and J. Roberts. “Effect of Tire Wear on Tractor Performance.” Agric. Engr., vol. 20, May 1939, pp. 191–194.
Bekker, M. G. Theory of Land Locomotion. The University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, 1956.
Burt, E. C., R. L. Schafer, and J. H. Taylor, “Similitude of a Model Traction Device: Part I—Prediction of the Dynamic Traction Ratio, Part II—Prediction of Wheel Sinkage. Trans. of ASAE, vol. 17, no. 4, 1974, p. 662.
Caterpillar Performance Handbook, 3d ed. Caterpillar Tractor Company. Peoria, IL, Jan. 1973.
Davidson, J. B., E. V. Collins, and E. G. McKibben. “Tractive Efficiency of the Farm Tractor.” Iowa Agric. Expt. Sta. Res. Bull, vol. 189, Sept. 1935.
Deere & Co. Fundamentals of Service—Tires and Tracks. John Deere Service Publications, Moline, IL, 1970.
Domier, K. W., D. H. Friesen, and J. S. Townsend. “Traction Characteristics of Two-Wheel Drive, Four-Wheel Drive and Crawler Tractors.” Trans. of ASAE, vol. 14, no. 3, 1971, p. 520.
Dwyer, M. J., D. W. Evernden, and M. McAllister. Handbook of Agricultural Tyre Performance, 2d ed. National Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wrest Park, Silsoe, Bedford, England, Apr. 1976.
Firestone Tire and Rubber Company. Agricultural Tire Engineering Data, 1966.
Freitag, D., R. L. Schafer, and R. D. Wismer. “Similitude Studies of Soil Machine Systems.” Trans. of ASAE, vol. 13, no. 2, 1970, p. 201.
Gee-Clough, D. “The Special Problem of Wetland Traction and Flotation.” J. Agric. Eng’g Res., vol. 32, 1985, pp. 279–288.
Gill, W. R., and G. E. Vandenberg. “Soil Dynamics in Tillage and Traction.” Agriculture Handbook No. 316. Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1967.
Karafiath, L. L., and E. A. Nawatzki. Soil Mechanics for Off-Road Vehicle Engineering. TransTech Publications, Rockport, MA, 1978.
Lambe, T. W., and R. V. Whitman. Soil Mechanics. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1978.
Langhaar, H. L. Dimensional Analysis and Theory of Models. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1978.
McKibben, E. G., and J. B. Davidson. “Effort of Inflation Pressure on the Rolling Resistance of Pneumatic Implement Tires.” Agric. Engr., vol. 21, Jan. 1940, pp. 25–26.
McKibben, E. G., and J. B. Davidson. “Effect of Outside and Cross-sectional Diameters on the Rolling Resistance of Pneumatic Implement Tires.” Agric. Engr., vol. 21, Feb. 1940, pp. 57–58.
Murphy, G. Similitude in Engineering. Ronald Press, New York, 1950.
Rubber Manufacturers Association. Care and Service of Farm Tires. Rubber Manufacturers Association, Washington, DC, 1973.
Soehne, W. “Kraftubertranung Zwischen Schepperreiffen und Ackerboden (Stress Transmission Between Tractor Tires and Soils).” Grundl. Landtech., vol. 3, 1952, pp. 75–78.
Southwell, P. H. “An Investigation of Traction and Traction Aids.” Trans. of ASAE, vol. 7, no. 2, 1964, p. 190.
Taylor, James H. “Lug Angle Effect on Traction Performance of Pneumatic Tractor Tires.” Trans. of ASAE, vol. 16, no. 1, 1973, p. 16.
Taylor, James H. “Comparative Traction Performance of R-1, R-3, and R-4 Tractor Tires.” Trans. of ASAE, vol. 19, no. 1, 1976, p. 14.
Vandenberg, G. E., and W. R. Gill. “Pressure Distribution Between a Smooth Tire and the Soil.” Trans. of ASAE, vol. 5, no. 2, 1962, p. 105.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1989 Van Nostrand Reinhold
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Liljedahl, J.B., Turnquist, P.K., Smith, D.W., Hoki, M. (1989). Traction. In: Tractors and their Power Units. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6632-4_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6632-4_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-6634-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-6632-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive