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Altered Excitation-Contraction Coupling in Hypertension: Role of Plasma Membrane Phospholipids and Ion Channels

  • Chapter
Regulation of Smooth Muscle Contraction

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 304))

Abstract

Established hypertension is characterized by an elevation of peripheral resistance (Frohlich, 1973). A variety of in vivo studies in human as well as animal models of hypertension have demonstrated augmented responsiveness of arterial smooth muscle to contractile agents (Triggle, 1989). However, identification of the cellular mechanisms responsible for this increased responsiveness has proven elusive. Most older in vitro studies of maximum contractile responses as well as of the sensitivity of isolated vascular smooth muscle to agonists failed to reveal augmented responses in hypertensive arteries (Cox, 1989; Mulvany, 1989; Triggle, 1989). Folkow proposed the hypothesis that increased arterial wall thickness which impinged on the lumen was responsible for an increased geometric component of peripheral resistance as well as the augmented in vivo smooth muscle responsiveness to agonists in hypertension (Folkow, 1973). The latter was thought to be the result of an amplifying effect of the increased wall thickness being translated into augmented resistance responses to smooth muscle activation (Folkow, 1973). This hypothesis was generally accepted as a reconciliation of the results reported up to the mid 1970s.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bockus Research Institute, The Graduate Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA

    Robert H. Cox

  2. Department of Physiology, Medical College of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19129, USA

    Thomas N. Tulenko

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  1. Robert H. Cox
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  2. Thomas N. Tulenko
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Bockus Research Institute, The Graduate Hospital, USA

    Robert S. Moreland

  2. The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Robert S. Moreland

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© 1991 Plenum Press, New York

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Cox, R.H., Tulenko, T.N. (1991). Altered Excitation-Contraction Coupling in Hypertension: Role of Plasma Membrane Phospholipids and Ion Channels. In: Moreland, R.S. (eds) Regulation of Smooth Muscle Contraction. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 304. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6003-2_22

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6003-2_22

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

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