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Molecular Biology and Physiology of Insulin and Insulin-Like Growth Factors pp 249–262Cite as

Regulation of the Glucose Transporter in Animal Models of Diabetes

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 293))

Abstract

Glucose oxidation, a major source of metabolic energy for mammalian cells, depends upon the transport of glucose across the cell surface membrane by specific carrier proteins. Two general classes of glucose transporters are found in mammalian cells. The first category of glucose transporters are the Na+/dependent glucose co-transporters which are found in the brush border membrane of epithelial cells in the small intestine and proximal tubule of the kidney.1 These carriers actively transport glucose from the lumen into the epithelial cell against its concentration gradient by coupling the uphill movement of glucose with the downhill movement of Na+ across its concentration gradient. The necessary Na+ gradient for this transport process is maintained by the Na+/K+ATPase found on the basolateral membrane of these epithelial cells.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Physiology & Biophysics and Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA

    Jeffrey E. Pessin, Jeanne M. Richardson & William I. Sivitz

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  1. Jeffrey E. Pessin
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  2. Jeanne M. Richardson
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  3. William I. Sivitz
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    Mohan K. Raizada

  2. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    Derek LeRoith

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© 1991 Plenum Press, New York

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Pessin, J.E., Richardson, J.M., Sivitz, W.I. (1991). Regulation of the Glucose Transporter in Animal Models of Diabetes. In: Raizada, M.K., LeRoith, D. (eds) Molecular Biology and Physiology of Insulin and Insulin-Like Growth Factors. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 293. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5949-4_23

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5949-4_23

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5951-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5949-4

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