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Proglucagon-Derived Peptides in the Neuroendocrine System

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Fuel Homeostasis and the Nervous System

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 291))

Abstract

The proglucagon gene is expressed in a diversity of cell types, most notably the pancreatic A cell, the intestinal L cell, and selected neurons in the hypothalamus and brain stem1–3. Much interest in the pGdp’s has been generated over the past several years with the isolation and sequence analysis of both the gene and the cDNA for proglucagon4–6. Proglucagon was found not only to contain the sequences for glucagon and several large glucagon-containing peptides (glicentin and oxyntomodulin), but was also predicted to give rise by proteolytic cleavage to two glucagon-like peptides (GLP-1 and -2) (Fig. 1). Synthesis and secretion of the proglucagon-derived peptides (pGdp’s) are now known to be subject to tissue-specific regulation, at the levels of gene expression, post- translational processing and peptide secretion. For example, plasma and tissue levels of the intestinal pGdp’s rise 2- to 3-fold in streptozotocin-diabetic rats, while concentrations in the pancreas and brain are not markedly altered7. Furthermore, changes in proglucagon post-translational processing occur in the brain of the developing rat, but not in the pancreas or intestine8. In this review, I will discuss some of the work we have done to elucidate the mechanisms underlying tissue-specific differences in the production of the pGdp’s.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada

    P. L. Baibaker

  2. Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada

    D. J. Drucker

Authors
  1. P. L. Baibaker
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  2. K. M. Stobie
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  3. J. N. Roberge
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  4. E. Y. T. Lui
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  5. D. J. Drucker
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Mladen Vranic

  2. Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

    Suad Efendic

  3. Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Charles H. Hollenberg

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© 1991 Plenum Press, New York

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Baibaker, P.L., Stobie, K.M., Roberge, J.N., Lui, E.Y.T., Drucker, D.J. (1991). Proglucagon-Derived Peptides in the Neuroendocrine System. In: Vranic, M., Efendic, S., Hollenberg, C.H. (eds) Fuel Homeostasis and the Nervous System. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 291. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5931-9_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5931-9_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5933-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5931-9

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