Abstract
Aldose reductase (alditol: NADP+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.21, AR) reduces glucose to sorbitol. The accumulation of sorbitol has been implicated in the secondary complication of diabetes, including retinopathy, cataracts, neuropathy and nephropathy (Kinoshita, et al., 1990; Kador, 1988; Dvornik, 1987; Kinoshita, 1974). Blocking the accumulation of sorbitol with a number of aldose reductase inhibitors has proven to be effective in preventing or retarding several clinical complications associated with diabetes in galactosemic and diabetic animal models (Kinoshita, et al., 1990; Robison, et al., 1989; Kador, et al., 1988; Fukushi, Merola and Kinoshita, 1983; Yue, et al., 1982). Aldose reductase inhibitors have also shown promise in clinical studies (Sakamoto, et al., 1986; Judzewitsch, et al., 1983).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Chung, S. and La Mendola, J., 1989, Cloning and sequencing determination of human placental aldose reductase gene, J. Biol. Chem., 264:14775.
Dvornik, D., 1987, Complications of chronic diabetes in man and their relation to hyperglycemia, in: An Approach to the Prevention of Diabetic Complications, D. Porte, ed., McGraw-Hill, New York.
Fukushi, S., Merola, L.O. and Kinoshita, J.H., 1980, Altering the course of cataracts in diabetic rats, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 19:313.
Grundmann, U., Bohn, H., Obermeier, R. and Amann, E., 1990, Cloning and prokaryotic expression of a biologically active human placental aldose reductase, DNA and Cell Biology ,9:149.
Hermann, R.K., Kador, P.F. and Kinoshita, J.H., 1983, Rat lens aldose reductase: rapid purification and comparison with human placental aldose reductase, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. ,37:467.
Judzewitsch, R.G., Jaspan, J.B., Polonsky, K.S., Weinberg, C.R., Halter, J.B., Halar, E., Pfeifer, M.A., Vukadinovac, C., Bernstein, L., Schneider, M., Liang, K-Y, Gabbay, K.., Rubenstein, A.H. and Porte, D., Jr, 1983, Aldose reductase inhibition improves nerve conduction velocity in diabetic patients, N. Eng. J. Med. ,308:119.
Kador, P.F., 1988, The role of aldose reductase in the development of diabetic complications, Medicinal Research Reviews ,8:325.
Kador, P.F., Akagi, Y., Terubayashi, H., Wyman, M. and Kinoshita, J.H., 1988, Prevention of pericyte ghost formation in retinal capillaries of galactose-fed dogs by aldose reductase inhibitors, Arch. Ophthalmol. ,106:1099.
Kador, P.F., Carper, D. and Kinoshita, J.H., 1981, Rapid purification of human placental aldose reductase, Anal. Biochem. ,114:53.
Kinoshita, J.H., Datiles, M.B., Kador, P.F. and Robison, W.G., 1990, Aldose reductase and diabetic eye complications, in: Diabetes Mellitus:Theory and Practice, H. Rifkin and D. Porte, Jr., eds., Elsevier, New York.
Kinoshita, J.H., 1974, Mechanisms initiating cataract formation, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. ,13:713.
Nishimura, C., Matsuura, Y., Kokai, Y., Akera, T., Carper, D., Morjana, N., Lyons, C., and Flynn, T.G., 1990, Cloning and expression human aldose reductase, J. Biol. Chem. ,265:9788.
Robison, G.W.,Jr., Nagata, M., Laver, N., Hohman, T and Kinoshita, J.H., 1989, Diabetic-like retinopathy in rats prevented with an aldose reductase inhibitor, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. ,30:2285.
Sakamoto, N., Kinoshita, J.H., Kador, P.F. and Hotta, N., eds., Polyol Pathway and Its Role in Diabetic Complications: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Polyol Pathway and Its Role in Diabetic Complications, Kashikojima, Japan, 28–30 October, 1986, pp. 1–584, Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam.
Sato, S. and Kador, P.F., 1990, NADPH-dependent reductases of the dog lens, Exp. Eye Res. ,50:629.
Sawada, H., Hamatake, M., Hara, A., Nakagawa, M. and Nakayama, T., 1989, Inhibition of human placenta aldose reductase by tannic acid, Chem. Pharm. Bull. ,37:1662.
Shiono, T., Sato, S., Reddy, V.N., Kador, P.F. and Kinoshita, J.H., 1987, Purification and properties of rat lens aldose reductase, Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. ,232:317.
Old, S.E., Sato, S., Kador, P.F. and Carper, D.A., 1990, In vitro expression of rat lens aldose reductase in Escherichia coli ,Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. ,USA. ,in press.
Vander Jagt, D.L., Stangebye, L.A., Hunsaker, L.A., Eaton, R.P. andSibbitt, W.L., 1988, Purification of aldose reductase from human placenta and stabilization of the inhibitor binding site, Biochem. Pharm. ,37:1051.
Yue, D.K., Hanwell, M.A., Satchell, P.M. and Turtle, J.R., 1982, The effect of aldose reductase inhibition on motor nerve conduction velocity in diabetic rats, Diabetes 31:789.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Carper, D., Sato, S., Old, S., Chung, S., Kador, P.F. (1990). In Vitro Expression of Human Placental Aldose Reductase in Escherichia Coli . In: Weiner, H., Wermuth, B., Crabb, D.W. (eds) Enzymology and Molecular Biology of Carbonyl Metabolism 3. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 284. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5901-2_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5901-2_16
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5903-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5901-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive