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Metabolism of Halogenated Compounds—Biodehalogenation

  • Chapter
Biochemistry of the Elemental Halogens and Inorganic Halides

Part of the book series: Biochemistry of the Elements ((BOTE,volume 9A+B))

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Abstract

The metabolism of halogenated hydrocarbons in vivo is initiated predominantly by two classes of enzymes—the cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenases and the glutathione S-transferases. These enzymes, in general, convert nonexcretable lipophilic compounds ultimately to hydrophilic metabolites that can be eliminated in urine and/or bile. For example, oxidative replacement of halogen with hydroxyl followed by glucuronide formation is a major pathway for detoxification and excretion. On the other hand, processes initiated by these enzymes are often responsible for conversion of a relatively harmless substrate into a more toxic or carcinogenic intermediate. Bioactivation of xenobiotics to toxic and/or carcinogenic metabolites has been the subject of extensive research and will be discussed in this chapter. The role of deiodinases in thyroid hormone function was discussed in some detail in Chapter 6. This will be reconsidered briefly in this chapter in the context of biodehalogenation mechanisms. Metabolism and detoxification of special classes of halogenated compounds (pesticides, TCDD, etc.) will also be considered.

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  1. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    Kenneth L. Kirk

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© 1991 Plenum Press, New York

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Kirk, K.L. (1991). Metabolism of Halogenated Compounds—Biodehalogenation. In: Biochemistry of the Elemental Halogens and Inorganic Halides. Biochemistry of the Elements, vol 9A+B. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5817-6_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5817-6_9

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