Abstract
Kindled seizure susceptibility, as indicated by the incidence of interictal discharge (IID) and the development of kindled convulsion with an ‘all-or-none’ response to threshold stimulation, is known to persist in amygdaloid (AM) kindled cats for more than 12-months without applying stimulation.1 Many antiepileptic drugs such as Phenobarbital (PB), Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, Valproic Acid and Primidone have been shown to exert either a prophylactic effect on kindling or an anticonvulsive effect on established kindled seizure.2–8 However, the question of whether medication with these drugs can reverse the once established kindled seizure susceptibility remains unanswered.
Supported by grants from Medical Research Council of Canada to JAW
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
J. A. Wada, M. Sato, and M. E. Corcoran, Persistent seizure susceptibility and recurrent spontaneous seizures in kindled cats. Epilepsia, 15: 465–478 (1974).
J. A. Wada, T. Osawa, M. Sato, A. Wake, M. E. Corcoran, and A. S. Troupin, Acute anticonvulsant effects of Diphenylhydantoin, Phenobarbital and Carbamazepine: a combined electro-clinical and serum level study in amygdaloid kindled cats and baboons. Epilepsia, 17: 77–88 (1976).
J. A. Wada, M. Sato, A. Wake, J. R. Green, and A. S. Troupin, Prophylactic effects of Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, and Carbamazepine examined in kindling cat preparations. Arch. Neurol., 33: 426–434 (1976).
J. A. Wada, Pharmacological prophylaxis in the kindling model of epilepsy. Arch. Neurol., 34: 389–395 (1977).
J. A. Wada, Kindling, antiepileptic drugs, seizure susceptibility and a warning. In: “Epilepsy updated: causes and treatment,” P. Robb, ed., Miami, Symposia Specialists Inc. (1980).
V. Leviel and R. Naquet, A study of Valproic Acid on the kindling effect. Epilepsia 18: 229–233 (1977).
N. Kakegawa, An experimental study on the modes of appearance and disappearance of suppressive effect of antiepileptic drugs on kindled seizure. Psychiat. Neurol. Jpn., 88: 81–98 (in Japanese) (1986).
T. Hiyoshi, S. Suzuki, K. Yagi, and M. Seino, On the anticonvulsive effect of Primidone: an experimental study through overkindling of cat. Jpn. J. Psychiat. Neurol., 40: 505–506 (1986).
T. Tanaka, and R. Naquet, Kindling effect and sleep organization in cats. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol., 39: 449–454 (1975).
G. Rondouin, M. Baldy-Moulinier, and P. Passouant, The influence of hippocampal kindling on sleep organization in cats. Effects of alphamethylparatyrosine. Brain Res., 181: 413–424 (1980).
M. N. Shouse and M. B. Sterman, Sleep and kindling: II. Effects of generalized seizure induction. Exp. Neurol. 71: 563–580 (1981).
M. N. Shouse and M. B. Sterman, “Kindling” a sleep disorder: degree of sleep pathology predicts kindled seizure susceptibility in cats. Brain Res., 271: 196–200 (1983).
H. Cohen, J. Thomas, and W. C. Dement, Sleep stages, REM deprivation and electroconvulsive threshold in the cat. Brain Res., 19: 313–317 (1970).
M. Sato and T. Nakashima, Kindling: Secondary epileptogenesis, sleep and catecholamines. Can. J. Neurol. Sc., 2: 439–446 (1975).
R. Kawahara and J. A. Wada, Effect of REM sleep deprivation on amygdaloid kindling in cats. Jpn. J. EEG/EMG., 11: 176–184 (in Japanese) (1983).
M. N. Shouse, State disorders and state-dependent seizures in amygdalakindled cats. Exp. Neurol., 92: 601–608 (1986).
M. N. Shouse and M. B. Sterman, Acute sleep deprivation reduces amygdala-kindled seizure threshold in cats. Exp. Neurol., 78: 716–727 (1982).
R. Kawahara, I. Okubo, T. Tanaka, H. Takeshita, and T. Inomaru, The effect of three anticonvulsants on REM sleep and generalized seizure in amygdaloid-kindled cats. Jpn. J. EEG/EMG., 15: 273–281 (in Japanese) (1987).
H. B. Cohen, R. F. II. Duncan, and W. C. Dement, The effect of diphenylhydantoin on sleep in the cat. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol., 24: 401–408 (1968).
T. Hiyoshi, N. Mori, and J. A. Wada, Feline amygdaloid kindling and sleep. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol., 73: 254–259 (1989).
T. Hiyoshi and J. A. Wada, Feline amygdaloid kindling and sleep-waking pattern: observation on daily 22-hour polygraphic recording. Epilepsia, (in press).
T. Hiyoshi and J. A. Wada, Nine-month phenobarbital administration failed to reverse amygdaloid kindled seizure susceptibility in cats (submitted).
R. Ursin and M. B. Sterman, “A manual for recording and scoring of sleep and waking stages in the adult cat.” Brain Information Service/Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles (1981).
J. A. Wada and M. Sato, Generalized convulsive seizures induced by daily electrical stimulation of the amygdala in cats. Neurology, 24: 565–574 (1974).
T. Hiyoshi and J. A. Wada, Midline thalamic lesion and feline amygdaloid kindling. I. Effect of lesion placement prior to kindling. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol., 70: 325–338 (1988).
M. B. Sterman, T. Knauss, D. Lehmann, and C. D. Clemente, Circadian sleep and waking patterns in the laboratory cat. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol., 19: 509–517 (1965).
R. Ursin, The two stages of slow wave sleep in the cat and their relation to REM sleep. Brain Res., 11: 347–356 (1968).
R. Ursin, The effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan and L-tryptophan on wakefulness and sleep patterns in the cat. Brain Res., 106: 105–115 (1976).
E. A. Lucas and M. B. Sterman, The polycyclic sleep-wake cycle in the cat: Effects produced by sensorimotor rhythm conditioning. Exp. Neurol., 42: 347–368 (1974).
H. B. Cohen and W. C. Dement, Sleep: suppression of rapid eye movement phase in the cat after electroconvulsive shock. Science, 154: 396–398 (1966).
W. Dement, The effect of dream deprivation. Science, 131: 1705–1707 (1960).
W. Dement, P. Henry, H. Cohen and J. Ferguson, Studies on the effect of REM deprivation in humans and in animals. Res. Publ. Ass. Nerv. Ment. Dis., 45: 456–468 (1967).
W. C. Stern and P. J. Morgane, Theoretical view of REM sleep function: Maintenance of catecholamine systems in the central nervous system. Behavioral Biology, 11: 1–32 (1974).
I. Oswald and R. G. Priest, Five weeks to escape the sleeping-pill habit. Brit. Med. J., 2: 1093–1095 (1965).
E. Hartmann, The effect of four drugs on sleep patterns in man. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.), 12: 346–353 (1968).
D. J. Hinman and M. Okamoto, Sleep patterns in cats during chronic low-dose barbiturate treatment and withdrawal. Sleep, 7: 69–76 (1984).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hiyoshi, T., Wada, J.A. (1990). Can Kindling-Induced Sleep Pathology be Corrected by Phenobarbital?. In: Wada, J.A. (eds) Kindling 4. Advances in Behavioral Biology, vol 37. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5796-4_22
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5796-4_22
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5798-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5796-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive