Abstract
Planning education for less developed countries suffers from several interrelated problems, of which three are particularly significant. First, despite recent advances, most less developed countries still lack adequate educational resources, including universities, graduate programs, faculty, research facilities, and professional organizations, to educate and train their own planners. A number of publications have examined aspects of such inadequacies, particularly in regional development curricula and have advanced remedial proposals (Friedmann, 1967 and 1973; Dunham and Hilhorst, 1970 and 1971; Perloff, 1971; Kuklinski, 1971; Celestin, 1972; United Nations, 1972; Dix, 1980a). Fundamental to such inadequacies in less developed countries is the allocation of relatively small budgets to higher education in general, compared with defense spending, for example, and to the field of planning in particular (Amirahmadi, 1987a). Research on this aspect of the problem with planning education in less developed countries remains largely underdeveloped.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alden, J., Morgan, R., 1974, “Regional Planning: A Comprehensive View,” John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Amirahmadi, H., 1987a, Planning education for the Third World: Problems and prospects, presented at the International Conference on Spatial Thinking in Economic and Technical Education, October 10–18, 1987, Cracow-Lodz, Poland.
Amirahmadi, H., 1987b, A theory of ethnic collective movement and its application to Iran, Ethnic and Racial Studies, 10 (4):363–391.
Amirahmadi, H., 1987c, Regional Planning in a Post-Revolutionary Society: the Islamic Republic of Iran from 1979 to 1986, presented at the 10th Pacific Regional Science Association, July 6–8, 1987, Pusan, Republic of Korea.
Amirahmadi, H., 1986, Regional planning in Iran: A survey of problems and policies, The Journal of Developing Areas, 20 (4): 501–530.
Beauregard, R.A., and Holcomb, B., 1983, Enterprise zones: The non-manipulation of economic space, Urban Geography, 4(1):1–21.
Bhagwati, J.N., ed., 1981, “The New International Economic Order: The North-South Debate,” MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Bhagwati, J., ed., 1977, “Brain Drain and Income Taxation,” Pergamon, New York.
Brown, A.J., and Burrows, E.M., 1979, “Regional Economic Problems: Comparative Experiences of Some Market Economies,” Allen & Unwin, London.
Canter, J., 1967, American higher education for students of the developing world, in: “Higher Education and the International Flow of Manpower: Implications for the Developing World,” Proceedings of the National Conference, April 13–14, 1967 University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
Celestin, A., 1972, Survey of the possibilities of training regional planners for the Third World, in: United Nations, 1972, Report on Symposium on European Cooperation in Training Regional Planners from Developing Countries, September 1971, Stockholm, UN Document SOA/ESDP/1971/4,New York.
Chopra, S.K., 1986, “Brain Drain and How to Reverse It,” Lancer International, New Delhi.
Dewar, D., Todes, A., and Watson, V., 1986, “Regional Development and Settlement Policy,” Allen and Unwin, London.
Dix, A., 1980a, Two conferences on planning education: Liverpool 1987 and Tunis 1980. Ekistics, 285 (Nov/Dec):443–449.
Dix, A., 1980b, Planning education for developing countries: A reveiw and some proposals for a policy, Ekistics, 285(Nov/Dec): 396–403.
Dunham, D.M., and Hilhorst, J.G.M., eds., 1971, “Issues in Regional Planning,” Institute of Social Studies, The Hague.
Dunham, D.M., and Hilhorst, J.G.M., 1970, International education for regional planning in developing countries, Development and Change, 2(3):45–50.
El-Shakhs, S., 1982, Regional development and national integration, in:“Urban Policy Under Capitalism,” N.I. Fainstein and S.S. Fainstein, eds., Sage Publications, Beverly Hills, CA.
Fanon, F., 1963, “The Wretched of the Earth”, Grove Press, New York.
Freire, P., 1968, “Pedagogy of the Oppressed, ” the Seabury Press, New York.
Friedmann, J., and Alonso, W., eds., 1975, “Regional Policy: Readings in Theory and Applications,” MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Friedmann, J., 1973, “Urbanization, Planning and National Development,” Sage Publications, Beverly Hills, CA.
Friedmann, J.R., 1967, Education for regional planning in developing countries in: Regional Studies, 2:131–138
Ghosh, P.K., eds., 1984, “Development Co-operation and Third World Development,” Greenwood Press, Westport, CT.
Gillingwater, D., and Hart, D.A., eds., 1978, “The Regional Planning Process,” Saxon House, London.
Glaser, W., 1978, “The Brain Drain: Emigration and Return,” Pergamon Press, New York.
Glasson, J., 1983, “An Introduction to Regional Planning,” 2nd ed., Hutchinson, London.
Goldsmith, W.W., 1982, Enterprise zones in the United States: Lessons from international experience, Journal of Planning Education and Research, 2(1): 5–10.
Gore, C., 1984, “Regions in Question: Space, Development Theory, and Regional Policy,” Methuen, London.
Gruebel, H.A., and Scott, A., 1977, “Brain Drain: Determinants, Measurements, and Welfare Effects,” Wilfred Laurier, Canada.
Hall, P., 1982, “Urban & Regional Planning.” Allen and Unwin, London.
Hamada, K., 1981, Taxing the brain drain: A global point of view, in: “The New International Economic Order: The North-South Debate,” J.N. Bhagwati, ed., pp. 125–144.
Hansen, N.M., ed., 1974, “Public Policy and Regional Economic Development: The Experience of Nine Western Countries,” Ballinger, Cambridge, MA.
Healey, P., 1980, The development of planning education in the UK and its relevance as a model for other countries, Ekistics 285 (Nov/Dec):416–420.
Hirschman, A., 1958, “The Strategy of Economic Development,” Yale University Press, Stamford, CT.
Hodge, A., 1980, On linking planning knowlege and action in the classroom, Ekistics, 285(Nov/Dec):459–463.
Holland, S., 1976, “Capital versus the Regions,” St. Martin’s Press, New York.
Hoover, E.M., 1975, “An Introduction to Regional Economics,” Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
Illich, I., 1971, “Deschooling Sociey,” Harrow Books, New York.
Isard, W., 1956 “Location and the Spcae Economy,” MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Krueckeberg, D., 1984, Planning and the new depression in the social sciences, Journal of Planning Education and Research, 3 (2):78–86.
Krueckeberg, D., 1985, The tuition of American planning: From dependency towards self-reliance, Town Planning Review, 56(4): 421–441.
Kuklinski, A., ed., 1981, “Polarized Development and Regional Policies,” Mouton, The Hague.
Kuklinski, A.R., 1971, Education in regional planning, in: “Issues in Regional Planning,” D.M. Dunham and J.G.M. Hllhorst, eds, pp.28–43.
Lakshmana Rao, 1979, “Brain Drain & Foreign Students,” St. Martin’s Press, New York.
Lim, G.C., 1988, Taxonomy and theory of spatial, sectoral and distributional policies, Environment and Planning, 6:225–236.
Lim, G.C., ed. 1983, “Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects,” Allanheld & Osmum, Totowa, NJ.
Losch, A., 1952, “The Economics of Location,” Yale University Press, Stamford, CT.
Monballyu, M., 1980, WES regional planning course for Indonesian officials, Ekistics, 225(Nov/Dec):441–442.
Mondale, W.F., 1967, The Brain Drain: Implications for Educational and Public Policy, in: “Higher Education”, pp.81–88.
Myrdal, G., 1957, “Economic Theory and Underdeveloped Regions,” Duckworth, London.
Oberlander, H.P., 1962, Planning Educaton for Newly Independent Countries, Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 28(2): 116–123.
Oh, T.K., 1977, “The Asian Brain Drain: A Factual and Casual Analysis,” R. & E.Research Associates, San Francisco.
Perks, W.T., 1980, Planning education: One way or another, Ekistics, 285(Nov/Dec):421–427.
Perloff, H.S., 1971, Education for regional planning in less developed countries, in: “Issues in Regional Planning,” D.M. Dunham and J.G.M. Hilhorst, eds., pp. 15–27.
Perloff, H.S., 1969, Regional planning in less-developed countries, in: “Regional Planning: Challenge and Prospects,” M.M. Hufschmidt, ed., Praeger, New York.
Quie, A.H. 1967, Implications (of Brain Drain) for Educational and Public Policy, in: “Higher Education”, pp.89–100.
Richardson, H.W., 1979, “Regional Economics,” University of Chicago Press, Urbana, IL.
Rodwin, L., 1981, “Cities and City Planning,” Plenum Press, NY„ pp.210–226.
Rodwin, L., 1980, Training for urban studies in Third World countries, Ekistics, 285 (nov/Dec):404–410.
Rondinelli, D.A. 1985, “Applied Methods of Regional Analysis: The Spatial Dimensions of Development Policy,” Westview Press, Boulder, CO.
Sack, R.D., 1980, “Conceptions of Space in Social Thought: A Geographic Perspective,” University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN.
Serageldin, I., 1980, Thoughts for the education of Muslim planners of the future, Ekistics, 285 (Nov/Dec):428–432.
Shabbir Cheema, A., and Rondinelli, D.A., eds., 1983, “Decentralization and Development: Policy Implementation in Developing Countries,” Sage, Beverly Hills, CA.
Shaull, R., 1968, Foreword, in: “Pedagogy of the Oppressed,” P. Freire, pp. 9–15.
Smith, B.C., 1985, “Decentralization: The Territorial Dimension of the State,” Allen & Unwin, Winchester, MA.
Smith, N., 1984, “Uneven Development: Nature, Capital and the Production of Space,” Basil Blackswell, Oxford, U.K.
Stohr, W.B., and Taylor, F.D.R., eds., 1981, “Development from Above or Below: The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries,” John Wiley and Sons, New York.
United Nations, 1972, Report on Sympsium on European Cooperation in Training Regional Planners from Developing Countries, September 1971, Stockholm, UN Document SOA/ESDP/1971/4, New York.
Vanhove, N., and Klassen, L.H., eds. 1980, “Regional Polciy: A European Approach,” Allanheld and Osmun, NJ.
Ward, F.C., 1967, “From Manpower to Mankind (The West and The Rest),” in: “Higher Education,” pp.9–45.
Yuill, D., Devin, A., and Hull, C., eds., 1980, “Regional Policy in the European Community,” St. Martins Press, NY.
Zahlan, A.B., ed., 1981, The Problematique of the Arab Brain Drain,in: “The Arab Brain Drain,” A.B. Zahlan, ed., Ithaca press (published for the United Nations), London, pp. 1–19.
Zetter, R. 1980, Imported or indigenous planning education: Some observations on the needs of developing countries, Ekistics, 285 (Nov/Dec):410–415.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Amirahmadi, H. (1990). Incongruities Between the Theory and Perception of Regional Development in Less Developed Countries: Toward Bridging the Gap. In: Sanyal, B. (eds) Breaking the Boundaries. Urban Innovation Abroad. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5781-0_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5781-0_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5783-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5781-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive