Abstract
Mesangial cells are intercapillary cells of the kidney glomerulus, serving both smooth muscle and immune effector functions (1–3). Since the first report of contraction of cultured rat mesangial cells by the vasoactive peptides, angiotensin II (ANG II) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) (2,4), considerable interest focused on the hypothesis that mesangial cells may regulate glomerular blood flow and filtration in synergism with afferent and efferent resistances, by altering capillary surface area and hence the ultrafiltration coefficient, Kf (5,6). Changes of capillary surface area might result from mechanical stretching and constriction of vessel walls by surrounding mesangial cells or intraglomerular shunting of blood flow as a result of segmental occlusion of certain loops. Although no definitive evidence of such function has been provided thus far, a number of observations link the mesangial cell to a regulatory role on glomerular hemodynamics, including reports of selective changes of Kf upon induction of glomerular immune injury (7) or infusion of vasoactive agents (8–10). Further support to the concept of mechanical properties of the mesangium comes from studies in freshly isolated rat and human glomeruli, which are rapidly contracted by ANG II, as evaluated by different techniques (11,12).
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Mené, P., Simonson, M.S., Dunn, M.J. (1989). Prostaglandins, Thromboxane and Leukotrienes in the Control of Mesangial Function. In: Dunn, M.J., Patrono, C., Cinotti, G.A. (eds) Renal Eicosanoids. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 259. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5700-1_8
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