Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Regulation of Growth Factor Receptors by Protein Kinase C

  • Chapter
Molecular and Cellular Biology of Insulin-like Growth Factors and Their Receptors

  • 76 Accesses

Abstract

Insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) all act to stimulate growth in many tissues. All three growth factors must first bind to specific membrane receptors to exert their actions. Upon binding of the appropriate ligand, these growth factor receptors exhibit increased tyrosine kinase activity, which is thought to be the second messenger, or pathway by which they cause some, if not all, of their effects within the cell (Evered et al., 1985; Raizada et al., 1986). Activation of these receptors by ligand binding causes different physiological effects in different cell types. These receptors also differ with regard to regulation of the receptors and/or of events beyond the receptors. As protein kinase C (PKC) has been shown to mimic some of these receptor actions and inhibit others, much attention has been focused on the effects of PKC on the tyrosine kinase receptors in order to determine first whether, and then how, PKC regulates those receptors. The following is a brief review of those studies.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Akers, R. and Routtenberg, A. (1987). Calcium-promoted translocation of protein kinase C to synaptic membranes: Relation to the phosphorylation of an endogenous substrate (protein F1) involved in synaptic plasticity. J. Neurosci. 7:3976–83.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Akers, R., Lovinger, D., Colley, P., Linden, D. and Routtenberg, A. (1986). Translocation of protein kinase C activity may mediate hippocampal long-term potentiation. Science 231:587–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Azhar, S., Butte, J. and Reaven, E. (1987). Calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinases from rat liver: Subcellular distribution, purification and characterization of multiple forms. Bchm. 26:7047–57.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Azhar, S., Butte, J. and Reaven, E. (1988). Identification of isoenzyme forms of hepatic calcium-activated phospholipid-dependent protein kinase in various animal models. Bchm. Bphys. Res. Comm. 155:1017.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baraban, J., Snyder, S. and Alger, B. (1985). Protein kinase C-regulated ionic conductance in hippocampal pyramidal neurons: Electrophysiological effects of phorbol esters. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:2538–42.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baranyi, A., Szente, M. and Woody, C. (1988). Activation of protein kinase C induces long-term changes of postsynaptic currents in neocortical neurons. Brain Res. 440:341–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baskin, D., Bohannon, N. and Figlewicz, D. (1986). Insulin-like growth factor receptors in the brain. In: Insulin, Insulin-Like Growth Factors and Their Receptors in the Central Nervous System. M. Raizada, M. Phillips and D. LeRoith, eds., Plenum Press, New York, pp. 245–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bassas, L., De Pablo, F., Lesniak, M. and Roth, J. (1985). Ontogeny of receptors for insulin-like peptides in chick embryo tissues: early dominance of insulin-like growth factor over insulin receptor in brain. Endocr. 117:2321–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beguinot, L., Hanover, J., Ito, S., Richert, N., Willingham, M. and Pastan, I. (1985). Phorbol esters induce transient internalization without degradation of unoccupied epidermal growth factor receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:2774–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blackshear, P., Witters, L., Girard, P., Kuo, J. and Quamo, S. (1985). Growth factor-stimulated protein phosphorylation in 3T3-L1 cells: Evidence for protein kinase C-dependent and -independent pathways. J. Biol. Chem. 260:13304–15.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bollag, G., Roth, R., Beaudoin, J., Mochly-Rosen, D. and Koshland, D. (1986). Protein kinase C directly phosphorylates the insulin receptor in vitro and reduces its protein tyrosine kinase activity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:5822–4.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boyd, F., Clarke, D., Muther, T. and Raizada, M. (1985). Insulin receptors and insulin modulation of norepinephrine uptake in neuronal cultures from rat brain. J. Biol. Chem. 260:15880–4.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burgess, S., Sahyoun, N., Blanchard, S., Le Vine, H., Chang, K. and Cuatrecasas, P. (1986). Phorbol ester receptors and protein kinase C in primary neuronal cultures: development and stimulation of endogenous phosphorylation. J. Cell Biol. 102:312–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Caron, M., Cherqui, G., Wicek, D., Capeau, J., Bertrand, J. and Picard, J. (1988). Effect of protein kinase C activation and depletion on insulin stimulation of glycogen synthesis in cultured hepatoma cells. Experientia 44:34–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carpenter, G. (1987). Receptors for epidermal growth factor and other polypeptide mitogens. Ann. Rev. Bchm. 56:881–914.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Castagna, M., Takai, Y., Kaibuchi, K., Sano, K., Kikkawa, U. and Nishizuka, Y. (1982). Direct activation of calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase by tumor-promoting phorbol esters. J. Biol. Chem. 257:7847–51.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clarke, D., Boyd, F., Kappy, M. and Raizada, M. (1984). Insulin binds to specific receptors and stimulates 2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake in cultured glial cells from rat brain. J. Biol. Chem. 259:11672–5.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clarke, D., Boyd, F., Kappy, M. and Raizada, M. (1985). Insulin stimulates macromolecular synthesis in cultured glial cells from rat brain. Am. J. Physiol. 249:C484–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cochet, C., Gill, G., Meisenhelder, J., Cooper, J. and Hunter, T. (1984). C-Kinase phosphorylates the epidermal growth factor receptor and reduces its epidermal growth factor-stimulated tyrosine protein kinase activity. J. Biol. Chem. 259:2553–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper, D., Konda, T., Standaert, M., Davis, J., Pollet, R. and Farese, R. (1987). Insulin increases membrane and cytosolic protein kinase C activity in BC3H-1 myocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 262:3633–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Corps, A. and Brown, K. (1988). Insulin-like growth factor I and insulin reduce epidermal growth factor binding to Swiss 3T3 cells by an indirect mechanism that is apparently independent of protein kinase C. FEBS Lett. 233:303–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davis, R. and Czech, M. (1984). Tumor-promoting phorbol diesters mediate phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 259:8545–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davis, R. and Czech, M. (1985). Platelet-derived growth factor mimics phorbol diester action on epidermal growth factor receptor phosphorylation at threonine-654. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:4080–4.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Decker, S. (1984). Effects of epidermal growth factor and 12–0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate on metabolism of the epidermal growth factor receptor in normal human fibroblasts. Mol. Cell. Biol. 4:1718–24.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Draznin, B., Kao, M. and Sussman, K. (1987). Insulin and glyburide increase cytosolic free Ca++ concentration in isolated rat adipocytes. Diabetes 36:174–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Draznin, B., Leitner, J., Sussman, K. and Sherman, N. (1988). Insulin and glucose modulate protein kinase C activity in rat adipocytes. Bchm. Bphys. Res. Comm. 156:570–5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Drummond, A. (1985). Bidirectional control of cytosolic free calcium by thyrotropin-releasing hormone in pituitary cells. Nature 315:752–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Evered, D., Nugent, J. and Whelan, J., eds. (1985). Growth Factors in Biology and Medicine, Ciba Foundation Symp. 116, Pittman Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ginobili de Martinez, M. and Barrantes, F. (1988). Ca2+ and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase activity in rat cerebral hemispheres. Brain Res. 440:386–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Girard, P., Wood, J., Freschi, J. and Kuo, J. (1988). Immunocytochemical localization of protein kinase C in developing brain tissue and in primary neuronal cultures. Dev. Biol. 126:98–107.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gomez, M., Medrano, E., Cafferatta, E. and Tellezlnon, M. (1988). Protein kinase C is differentially regulated by thrombin, insulin and epidermal growth factor in human mammary tumor cells. Exp. Cell. Res. 175:74–80.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gomez-Pinilla, F., Knauer, D. and Nieto-Sampedro, M. (1988). Epidermal growth factor receptor immunoreactivity in rat brain: Development and cellular location. Brain Res. 438:385–90.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grunberger, G. and Gorden, P. (1982). Affinity alteration of insulin receptor induced by a phorbol ester. Amer. J. Physiol. 243:E319–24.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grunberger, G., Lacopetta, B., Carpentier, J. and Gorden, P. (1986). Diacylglycerol modulation of insulin receptor from cultured human mononuclear cells. Diab. 35:1364–70.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hall, F., Fernyhough, P., Ishii, D. and Vulliet, P. (1988). Suppression of nerve growth factor-directed neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells by sphingosine, an inhibitor of protein kinase C. J. Biol. Chem. 263:4460–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Häring, H., Kirsch, D., Obermaier, B., Ermel, B. and Machicao, F. (1986). Tumor-promoting phorbol esters increase the KM of the ATP-binding site of the insulin receptor kinase from rat adipocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 261:3869–75.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heidenreich, K. (1985). The Mr difference between insulin receptors in brain and peripheral tissues is due to variation in carbohydrate content. Diabetes (Suppl.) 34:56A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heidenreich, K., Freidenberg, G., Figlewicz, D. and Gilmore, P. (1986). Evidence for a subtype of insulin-like growth factor I receptor in brain. Reg. Peptides 15:301–10.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heisermann, G. and Gill, G. (1988). Epidermal growth factor receptor threonine and serine residues phosphorylated in vivo. J. Biol. Chem. 263:13152–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hill, J., Lesniak, M., Rojeski, M., Pert, C. and Roth, J. (1986). Receptors for insulin and insulin-related peptides in the CNS: Studies of localization in rat brain. In: Insulin, Insulin-Like Growth Factors and Their Receptors in the Central Nervous System. M. Raizada, M. Phillips and D. LeRoith, eds., Plenum Press, New York, pp. 261–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Honegger, P. (1986). Protein kinase C-activating tumor promoters enhance the differentiation of astrocytes in aggregating fetal brain cell cultures. J. Neurochem. 46:1561–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lacopetta, B., Carpentier, J., Pozzan, T., Lew, D., Gorden, P. and Orci, L (1986). Role of intracellular calcium and protein kinase C in the endocytosis of transferrin and insulin by HL60 cells. J. Cell. Biol. 103:851–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iwashita, S. and Fox, C. (1984). Epidermal growth factor and potent phorbol tumor promoters induce epidermal growth factor receptor phosphorylation in a similar but distinctly different manner in human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 259:2559–67.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs, S. and Cuatrecasas, P. (1986). Phosphorylation of receptors for insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1: Effects of hormones and phorbol esters. J. Biol. Chem. 261:934–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs, S., Sahyoun, N., Saltiel, A. and Cuatrecasas, P. (1983). Phorbol esters stimulate the phosphorylation of receptors for insulin and somatomedin C. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80:6211–13.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaczmarek, L. (1986). Phorbol esters, protein phosphorylation and the regulation of neuronal ion channels. J. Exp. Biol. 124:375–92.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaibuchi, K., Takai, Y. and Nishizuka, Y. (1981). Cooperative roles of various membrane phospholipids in the activation of calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 256:7146–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kappy, M., Sellinger, S. and Raizada, M. (1984). Insulin binding in four regions of the developing rat brain. J. Neurochem. 42:198–203.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kazlauskas, A. and Cooper, J. (1988). Protein kinase C mediates platelet-derived growth factor-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p42. J. Cell Biol. 106:1395–1402.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kikkawa, U., Takai, Y., Minakuchi, R., Inohara, S. and Nishizuka, Y. (1982). Calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase from rat brain: Subcellular distribution, purification and properties. J. Biol. Chem. 257:13341–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kikkawa, U., Ogita, K., Ono, Y., Asaoka, Y., Shearman, M., Fujii, T., Ase, K., Sekiguchi, K., Igarashi, K. and Nishizuka, Y. (1987). The common structure and activities of four subspecies of rat protein kinase C family. FEBS Lett. 223:212–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirsch, D., Obermaier, B. and Häring, H. (1985). Phorbol esters enhance basal D-glucose transport but inhibit insulin stimulation of D-glucose transport and insulin binding in isolated rat adipocytes. Bchm. Bphys. Res. Comm. 128:824–32.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kraft, A. and Anderson, W. (1983). Phorbol esters increase the amount of Ca+ +, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase associated with plasma membrane. Nature 301:621–3.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, L and Weinstein, I. (1978). Tumor-promoting phorbol esters inhibit binding of epidermal growth factor to cellular receptors. Science 202:313–15.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lowe, W., Boyd, F., Clarke, D., Raizada, M., Hart, C. and LeRoith, D. (1986). Development of brain insulin receptors: Structural and functional studies of insulin receptors from whole brain and primary cell cultures. Endocr. 119:25–35.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MacVicar, B., Crichton, S., Burnard, D. and Tse, F. (1987). Membrane conductance oscillations in astrocytes induced by phorbol ester. Nature 329:242–3.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maegawa, H., Olefsky, J., Thies, S., Boyd, D., Ullrich, A. and McClain, D. (1988). Insulin eceptors with defective tyrosine kinase inhibit normal receptor function at the level of substrate phosphorylation. J. Biol. Chem. 263:12629–37.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Masters, B., Shemer, J., Judkins, J., Clarke, D., LeRoith, D. and Raizada, M. (1987). Insulin receptors and insulin action in dissociated brain cells. Brain Res. 417:247–56.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Matthies, H., Palfrey, H., Hirning, L and Miller, R. (1987). Down-regulation of protein kinase C in neuronal cells: Effects on neurotransmitter release. J. Neurosci. 7:1192–1206.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCaffrey, P., Friedman, B. and Rosner, M. (1984). Diacylglycerol modulates binding and phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 259:12502–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mendelsohn, L (1986). Visualization of IGF-2 receptors in rat brain. In: Insulin, Insulin-Like Growth Factors and Their Receptors in the Central Nervous System. M. Raizada, M. Phillips and D. LeRoith, eds., Plenum Press, New York, pp. 269–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mochly-Rosen, D., Basbaum, A. and Koshland, D. (1987). Distinct cellular and regional localization of immunoreactive protein kinase C in rat brain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:4660–4.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morgan, D. and Roth, R. (1987). Acute insulin action requires insulin receptor kinase activity: Introduction of an inhibitory monoclonal antibody into mammalian cells blocks the rapid effects of insulin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:41–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mudd, L and Raizada, M. (1989). Phorbol esters stimulate insulin binding in glial but not neuronal cells from the brain. (In preparation)

    Google Scholar 

  • Mudd, L., Azhar, S. and Raizada, M. (1989a). Differential effects of phorbol esters on protein kinase C translocation, insulin binding and glucose uptake in neurons and glial cells from the brain. (In preparation)

    Google Scholar 

  • Mudd, L., Chung, H. and Raizada, M. (1989b). Differential effects of insulin and dexamethasone on protein kinase C in neuronal and glial cells from the brain. (In preparation)

    Google Scholar 

  • Naccache, P., Molski, T., Borgeat, P., White, J. and Sha’afi, R. (1985). Phorbol esters inhibit the fMet-Leu-Phe- and Leukotriene B4-stimulated calcium mobilization and enzyme secretion in rabbit neutrophils. J. Biol. Chem. 260:2125–31.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neary, J., Norenberg, L and Norenberg, M. (1988). Protein kinase C in primary astrocyte cultures: Cytoplasmic localization and translocation by a phorbol ester. J. Neurochem. 50:1179–84.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishizuka, Y. (1986). Studies and perspectives of protein kinase C. Science 233:305–12.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishizuka, Y. (1988). The molecular heterogeneity of protein kinase C and its implications for cellular recognition. Nature 334:661–4.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ono, Y. and Kikkawa, U. (1987). Do multiple species of protein kinase C transduce different signals? Trends Biochm. Sci. 143:421–3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Orrelano, S., Solski, P. and Heller-Brown, J. (1985). Phorbol ester inhibits phosphoinositide hydrolysis and calcium mobilization in cultured astrocytoma cells. J. Biol. Chem. 260:5236–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patel, J. and Kassis, J. (1987). Concanavalin A prevents phorbol-mediated redistribution of protein kinase C and β-adrenergic receptors in rat glioma C6 cells. Bchm. Bphys. Res. Comm. 144:1265–72.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pelech, S. and Krebs, E. (1987). Mitogen-activated S6 kinase is stimulated via protein kinase C- dependent and independent pathways in Swiss 3T3 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 262:11598–606.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raizada, M., Phillips, M. and LeRoith, D., eds. (1986). Insulin, Insulin-Like Growth Factors and Their Receptors in the Central Nervous System. Plenum Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raizada, M., Morse, C., Gonzales, R., Crews, F. and Sumners, C. (1988). Receptors for phorbol esters are primarily localized in neurons: Comparison of neuronal and glial cultures. Neurochem. Res. 13:51–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Recio-Pinto, E. and Ishii, D. (1988). Insulin and related growth factors: Effects on the nervous system and mechanism for neurite growth and regeneration. Neurochem. Int. 12:397–414.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenfeld, R., Hintz, R. and Dollar, L (1982). Insulin-induced loss of an insulin-like growth factor-I receptor on IM-9 lymphocytes. Diabetes 31:375–81.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rouis, M., Thomopoulos, P., Cherier, C. and Testa, U. (1985). Inhibition of insulin receptor binding by A23187: Synergy with phorbol esters. Bchm. Bphys. Res. Comm. 130:9–15.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Routtenberg, A. (1987). Phospholipid and fatty acid regulation of signal transduction at synapses: Potential role for protein kinase C in information storage. J. Neur. Transm. (Suppl.) 24: 239–45.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Russell, D., Gherzi, R., Johnson, E., Chou, C. and Rosen, O. (1987). The protein-tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin receptor is necessary for insulin-mediated receptor down-regulation. J. Biol. Chem. 262:11833–40.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saito, N., Kikkawa, U., Nishizuka, Y. and Tanaka, C. (1988). Distribution of protein kinase C-like immunoreactive neurons in rat brain. J. Neurosci. 8:369–82.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sawyer, S. and Cohen, S. (1981). Enhancement of calcium uptake and phosphatidyl-inositol turnover by epidermal growth factor in A431 cells. Bchm. 20:6280–6.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shemer, J., Raizada, M., Masters, B., Ota, A. and LeRoith, D. (1987). Insulin-like growth factor I receptors in neuronal and glial cells: characterization and biological effects in primary culture. J. Biol. Chem. 262:7693–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shimizu, Y., Fujiki, H., Sugimura, T. and Shimizu, N. (1986). Mouse 3T3-L1 cell variants unable to respond to mitogenic stimulation of dihydroteleocidin B: Genetic evidence for the synergism of tumor promoters with growth factors. Canc. Res. 46:4027–31.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shoyab, M., DeLarco, J. and Todaro, G. (1979). Biologically active phorbol esters specifically alter affinity of epidermal growth factor membrane receptors. Nature 279:387–91.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sowell, M., Treutelaar, M., Burant, C. and Buse, M. (1988). Minimal effects of phorbol esters on glucose transport and insulin sensitivity in rat skeletal muscle. Diab. 37:499–506.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spach, D., Nemenoff, R. and Blackshear, P. (1986). Protein phosphorylation and protein kinase activities in BC3H-1 myocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 261:12750–3.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Strong, J., Fox, A., Tsien, R. and Kaczmarek, L (1987). Stimulation of protein kinase C recruits covert calcium channels in Aplysia bag cell neurons. Nature 325:714–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sumners, C., Rueth, S., Myers, L, Kalberg, C., Crews, F. and Raizada, M. (1988). Phorbol ester-induced upregulation of angiotensin II receptors in neuronal cultures is potentiated by a calcium ionophore. J. Neurochem. 51:1–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Takada, K., Amino, N., Tetsumoto, T. and Miyai, K. (1988). Phorbol esters have a dual action through protein kinase C in regulation of proliferation of FRTL-5 cells. FEBS Lett. 234:13–16.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takai, Y., Kishimoto, A., Inoue, M. and Nishizuka, Y. (1977). Studies on a cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinase and its proenzyme in mammalian tissue. J. Biol. Chem. 252:7603–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takai, Y., Kishimoto, A., Iwasa, Y., Kawahara, Y., Mori, T. and Nishizuka, Y. (1979). Calcium-dependent activation of a multifunctional protein kinase by membrane phospholipid. J. Biol. Chem. 254:3692–5.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takayama, S., White, M., Lauris, V. and Kahn, R. (1984). Phorbol esters modulate insulin receptor phosphorylation and insulin action in cultured hepatoma cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:7797–801.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takayama, S., White, M. and Kahn, C. (1988). Phorbol ester-induced serine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor decreases its tyrosine kinase activity. J. Biol. Chem. 263:3440–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, C., Taniyama, K. and Kusunoki, M. (1984). A phorbol ester and A23187 act synergistically to release acetylcholine from the guinea pig ileum. FEBS Lett. 175:165–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thomopoulos, P., Testa, U., Gourdin, M., Hervy, C., Titeux, M. and Vainchenker, W. (1982). Inhibition of insulin receptor binding by phorbol esters. E. J. Bchm. 129:389–93.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ushiro, H. and Cohen, S. (1980). Identification of phosphotyrosine as a product of epidermal growth factor-activated protein kinase in A-431 cell membranes. J. Biol. Chem. 255:8363–5.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • van de Werve, G., Zaninetti, D., Lang, U., Vallotton, M. and Jeanrenaud, B. (1987). Identification of a major defect in insulin-resistant tissues of genetically obese (fa/fa) rats: Impaired protein kinase C. Diabetes 36:310–14.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vicentini, L., Virgilio, F., Ambrosini, A., Pozzan, T. and Mendolesi, J. (1985). Tumor promoter phorbol 12-myristate, 13-acetate inhibits phosphoinositide hydrolysis and cytosolic Ca2+ rise induced by the activation of muscarinic receptors in PC12 cells. Bchm. Bphys. Res. Comm. 127:310–17.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, H. and Friedman, E. (1987). Protein kinase C.: regulation of serotonin release from rat brain cortical slices. Eur. J. Pharm. 141:15–21.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, S., Shiverick, K., Ogilvie, S., Dunn, W. and Raizada, M. (1989). Characterization of epidermal growth factor receptors in astrocytic glial and neuronal cells in primary culture. Endocr. 124:240–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wolf, M., Levine, H., May, W., Cuatrecasas, P. and Sahyoun, N. (1985). A model for intracellular translocation of protein kinase C involving synergism between calcium and phorbol ester. Nature 317:546–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wood, J., Girard, P., Mazzei, G. and Kuo, J. (1986). Immunocytochemical localization of protein kinase C in identified neuronal compartments of rat brain. J. Neurosci. 6:2571–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yarden, Y. and Ullrich, A. (1988). Molecular analysis of signal transduction by growth factors. Bchm. 27:3113–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yong, V., Sekiguchi, M. and Kim, S. (1988). Phorbol ester enhances morphological differentiation of oligodendrocytes in culture. J. Neurosci. Res. 19:187–94.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zick, Y., Sagi-Eisenberg, R., Pines, M., Gierschik, P. and Spiegel, A. (1986). Multisite phosphorylation of the oc subunit of transducin by the insulin receptor kinase and protein kinase C. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:9294–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Laura M. Mudd & Mohan K. Raizada

Authors
  1. Laura M. Mudd
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mohan K. Raizada
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    Derek LeRoith

  2. University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    Mohan K. Raizada

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Mudd, L.M., Raizada, M.K. (1989). Regulation of Growth Factor Receptors by Protein Kinase C. In: LeRoith, D., Raizada, M.K. (eds) Molecular and Cellular Biology of Insulin-like Growth Factors and Their Receptors. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5685-1_27

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5685-1_27

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5687-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5685-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation