Abstract
The structural biopolymer chitin (generally defined as a homopolymer of β-1–4 linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine) has recently gained a wider audience do to academic and industrial interests in seeking applications of shell fisheries wastes for medical, water purification and agricultural uses (Muzzarelli, 1977; Mien and Rodriguez-Kabana,1982; Cabib, 1987). Depolymerases have a central role in each of these studies, whether from the perspective of product preservation or from the point of view of targeted enzymatic attack. Berger and Reynolds (1958) described the chitinase of Streptomyces griseus as an endolytic chitinase having the definitive property of releasing the disaccharide N,N’-diacetylchitobiose (chitobiose) as the ultimate end product. Chitobiase then hydrolyzes one mole of chitobiose producing two moles of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Berger, L.R., and Reynolds, D.M.. (1958). The chitinase system of a strain of Streptomyces griseus. Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 29, 522–534.
Cabib, E. (1987). The synthesis and degradation of chitin. In: “Advances in Enzymology and Related Areas of Molecular Biology” Vol. 59. pp.522–534 ( A. Meister, ed.), John Wiley and Sons, London.
Dweltz, N.E. (1961). The structure of a-chitin. Biochem. Biophys. Acta., 51, 283–294.
Falk, M., Smith, P.O., McLachlan, J. and McInnes, A.G. (1966). Studies on chitan (ß-(1–4)-linked 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucan) fibers of the diatom Thalassiosira fluviatilis Hestedt: Proton magnetic resonance, infrared, and X-ray studies. Can. J. Chem., 44, 2269–2281.
Hirano, S.. Ohe, Y. and Ono, H. (1976). Selective n-acetylation of chitosan. Carbohydr. Res., 47, 315–320.
McLachlan, J., McInnes, A.G. and Falk, M. (1965). Studies on the chitan (chitin: poly-N-acetylglucosamine) fibers of the diatom Thalassiosira fluviatilis Hustedt. Can. J. Bot., 43, 707–713.
Mien, I. H., and Rodriguez-Kabana, R. (1982). Survey of the nematicidal properties of some organic materials available in Alabama as amendments to soil for control of Meloidogyne arenaria. Nematropica. 12, 235–246.
Molano, J., Duran, A. and Cabib, E. (1977). A rapid and sensitive assay for chitinase using tritiated chitin. Anal. Biochem. 83, 648–656.
Muzzarelli, R.A. (1977). Chitin. Pergamon Press, New York. 309 pages.
Robbins, W.R., Albright, C. and Benfield, B. (1988). Cloning and expression of a Streptomyces plicatus chitinase (chitinase-63) in Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem., 263, 443–447.
Sims, A. P., Kopetzk, E., Schulz, B. and Barnett, J.A. (1984). The use of phenolic glycosides for studying the aerobic or anaerobic transport of disaccharides into yeasts. J. Gen. Microbiol. 130, 1933–1940.
Smucker, R.A., and Dawson, R. (1986). Products of photosynthesis by marine phytoplankton: chitin in TCA “protein” precipitates. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 104, 143–152.
Smucker, R.A., and Kim, C.K. (1984). Effects of phosphate on Streptomyces griseus chitinase production. In: “Chitin, Chitosan and Related Enzyme”, pp. 397–405 ( J. Zikakis, ed.), Academic Press, Inc., Orlando, Florida.
Smucker, R.A., Warnes, C.E. and Haviland, C.J. (1986). Chitinase production by a freshwater pseudomonad. In: “Biodeterioration VI”, pp. 549–553 (C. Llewellyn and C. E. O’Rear, eds.), International Mycological Institute, Farnham House, Farnham Royal, Slough SL2 3BN. UK.
Takiguchi, Y., and Shimahara, K. (1988). N.N-diacetylchitobiose production from chitin by Vibrio anguillarum strain E-383a. Let. Appl. Microbiol. 6, 129–131.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1989 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Smucker, R.A., Warnes, C.E. (1989). Differential Mode of Chitinase Hydrolysis of Chitin and Chitan. In: O’Rear, C.E., Llewellyn, G.C. (eds) Biodeterioration Research 2. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5670-7_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5670-7_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5672-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5670-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive