Abstract
Disordered function of the basal ganglia may lead to a wide spectrum of motor abnormalities, depending upon the nature of the precipitating factor. Thus, for example, destruction of the subthalamic nucleus produces hemiballismus, degeneration of the neostriatum induces chorea, and interruption of dopaminergic nigostriatal transmission gives rise to parkinsonism. The origin of abnormal activity in other conditions, such as athetosis and dystonia, remains speculative but almost certainly involves the basal ganglia, most likely the neostriatum.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Auker, C.R., Meszler, R.M. and Carpenter, D.O., 1983, Apparent discrepancy between single-unit activity and [14C] deoxyglucose labelling in optic tectum of the rattlesnake, J. Neuropysiol., 49:1504.
Bankiewicz, K.S., Oldfield, E.H., Chiueh, C.C., Doppman, J.L., Jacobowitz, D.M. and Kopin, I.J., .1986, Hemiparkinsonism in monkeys after unilateral internal carotid artery infusion of l-methyl-4-phenyl-l,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), Life Sci., 39:7.
Bird, E.D. and Iversen, L.L., 1974, Huntington’s chorea. Postmortem measurement of glutamic acid decarboxylase, choline acetyltransferase and dopamine in basal ganglia, Brain, 97:457.
Burns, R.S., Chiueh, C.C., Markey, S.P., Ebert, M.H., Jacobowitz, D.M.and Kopin, I.J., 1983, A primate model of parkinsonism: selective destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra by N-methyl-4-phenyl-l,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 80:4546.
Carpenter, M.B., Batton, R.R., Carleton, S.C. and Keller, J.T., 1981a, Interconnections and organization of pallidal and subthalamic nucleus neurons in the monkey, J. comp. Neurol., 197:579.
Carpenter, M.B., Carleton, S.C., Keller, J.T. and Conte, P., 1981b, Connections of the subthalamic nucleus in the monkey, Brain. Res., 224:1
Carpenter, M.B. and Sutin, J., 1983, “Human Neuroanatomy,” Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.
Carpenter, M.B., Whittier, J.R. and Mettler, V.A., 1950, Analysis of choreoid hyperkinesia in the rhesus monkey: surgical and pharmacological analysis of hyperkinesia resulting from lesions in the subthalamic nucleus of Luys, J. comp. Neurol., 92:293.
Cooper, I.S., 1969, “Involuntary Movement Disorders,” Hoeber Medical Division, Harper and Row, New York.
Crossman, A.R. and Jackson, A., 1984, A new experimental model of choreoathetosis in the primate, J. Physiol., 350:36.
Crossman, A.R., Mitchell, I.J. and Sambrook, M.A., 1985, Regional brain uptake of 2-deoxyglucose in N-methyl-4-phenyl-l,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced parkinsonism in the macaque monkey, Neuropharmacology, 24:587.
Crossman, A.R., Sambrook, M.A. and Jackson, A., 1980, Experimental hemiballismus in the baboon produced by injection of a gammaaminobutyric acid. antagonist into the basal ganglia, Neurosci. Letts., 20:369.
Crossman, A.R., Sambrook, M.A. and Jackson, A., 1984, Experimental hemichorea/hemiballismus in the monkey. Studies on the intracerebral site of action in a drug-induced dyskinesia, Brain, 107:579.
DeLong, M.R. and Georgopoulos, A.P., 1981, Motor functions of the basal ganglia, in: “Handbook of Physiology”, Section 1, Volume II, Part 2, V.B. Brooks, ed., American Physiological Society, Bethesda.
DeVito, J.L. and Anderson, M.E., 1982, An autoradiographic study of efferent connections of the globus pallidus in Macaca mulatta, Exp. Brain Res., 46:107.
Feger, J. and Crossman, A.R., 1984, Identification of different subpopulations of neostriatal neurones projecting to globus pallidus or substantia nigra in the monkey: a retrograde fluorescence doublelabelling study, Neurosci. Letts., 49:7.
Fonnum, F., Grofova, I. and Rinvik, E., 1978, Origin and distribution of glutamate decarboxylase in the nucleus subthalamicus of the cat, Brain Res., 153:370.
Fox, C.A., Rafols, J.A. and Cowan, W.M., 1975, Computer measurements of axis cylinder diameters of radial fibers and “comb” bundle fibres, J. comp. Neurol., 159:201.
Garcia-Rill, E., 1986, The basal ganglia and the locomotor regions, Brain Res. Rev., 11:47.
Hammond, C., Shibazaki, T. and Rouzaire-Dubois, B., 1983, Branched output neurons of the rat subthalamic nucleus: electrophysiological study of the synaptic effects on identified cells of the two main target nuclei, the entopeduhcular nucleus and the substantia nigra, Neuroscience, 9:511.
Jackson, A. and Crossman, A.R., 1984, Experimental choreoathetosis produced by injection of a gamma-aminobutyric acid antagonist into the lentiform nucleus in the monkey, Neurosci. Letts., 46:41
Kim, R., Nakano, K., Jayaraman, A. and Carpenter M.B., 1976, Projections of the globus pallidus and adjacent structures: an autoradiographic study in the monkey, J. comp. Neurol., 169:263.
Langston, J.W. and Ballard, P., 1984, Parkinsonism induced by l-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP): Implications for treatment and the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease, Can. J. neurol. Sci., 11:160.
Mata, M., Fink, D. J., Gainer, H., Smith, C.B., Davidsen, L., Savaki, H., Schwartz, W.J. and Sokoloff, L., 1980, Activity-dependent energy metabolism in rat posterior pituitary primarily reflects sodium pump activity, J. Neurochem., 34:213.
McGeer, P.L., McGeer, E.G. and Fibiger, H.C., 1973, Choline acetylase and glutamic acid decarboxylase in Huntington’s chorea. A preliminary study, Neurology, 23:912.
Mitchell, I.J., Cross, A.J., Sambrook, M.A. and Crossman, A.R., 1985a, Sites of the neurotoxic action of l-methyl-4-phenyl-l,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine in the monkey include the ventral tegmental area and the locus coeruleus, Neurosci. Letts., 61:195
Mitchell, I. J., Cross A.J., Sambrook, M.A. and Crossman, A.R., 1986a, N-methyl-4-phenyl-l,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced parkinsonism in the monkey: neurochemical pathology and regional brain metabolism, J. neural. Transm., Suppl. XX:41.
Mitchell, I. J., Cross, A.J., Sambrook, M.A. and Crossman, A.R., 1986b, Neural mechanisms mediating l-methyl-4-phenyl-l,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced parkinsonism in the monkey: relative contributions of the striatopallidal and striatonigral pathways as suggested by 2-deoxyglucose uptake, Neurosci. Letts., 63:61.
Mitchell, I.J., Jackson A., Sambrook, M.A. and Crossman, A.R., 1985b, Common neural mechanisms in experimental chorea and hemiballismus in the monkey. Evidence from 2-deoxyglucose autoradiography, Brain Res., 339:346.
Mitchell, I.J., Sambrook, M.A. and Crossman, A.R., 1985c, Subcortical changes in the regional uptake of [3H]-2-deoxyglucose in the brain of the monkey during experimental choreiform dyskinesia elicited by injection of a gamma-aminobutric acid antagonist into the subthalamic nucleus, Brain, 108:421.
Nauta, H.J.W. and Cole, M., 1978, Efferent projections of the subthalamic nucleus: an autoradiographic study in monkey and cat, J. comp. Neurol., 180:1.
Nauta, W.J.H. and Mehler, W.R., 1966, Projections of the lentiform nucleus in the monkey, Brain Res., 1:3.
Needham, G.A., Soden, P.D., Sambrook, M.A. and Crossman, A.R., 1983, A remotely operated pump for intracerebral micro-injection in the primate, J. Neurosci. Meth., 7:281.
Rouzaire-Dubois, B., Hammond, C., Hamon, B. and Feger, J., 1980,Pharmacological blockade of the globus pallidus-induced inhibitory response of subthalamic cells in the rat, Brain Res., 200:321.
Schwartz, W.J., Smith, C.B., Davidsen, L., Savaki, H. and Sokoloff, L., 1979, Metabolic mapping of functional activity in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system of the rat, Science, 205:723
Sokoloff, L., Reivich, M., Kennedy, C., Des Rosiers, M.H., Patlack, C.S., Pettigrew, K.D., Sakurada, O. and Shinohara, M., 1977, The [14C] deoxyglucose method for the measurement of local cerebral glucose utilization: theory, procedure and normal values in the conscious and anesthetized albino rat, J. Neurochem, 28:897.
Szabo, J., 1967, The efferent projections of the putamen in the monkey, Exp. Neurol., 19:463.
Szabo, J., 1970, Projections from the body of the caudate nucleus in the rhesus monkey, Exp. Neurol., 27:1
Tsubokawa, T. and Sutin, J., 1972, Pallidal and tegmental inhibition of oscillatory slow waves and unit activity in the subthalamic nucleus, Brain Res., 41:101.
Van der Kooy D. and Hattori, T., 1980, Single subthalamic nucleus neurones project to both the globus pallidus and substantia nigra in rat,J. comp. Neurol., 192:751.
Van der Kooy, D., Hattori, T., Shannak, K. and Hornykiewicz, O., 1981, The pallido-subthalamic projection in rat: anatomical and biochemical studies, Brain Res., 204:253.
Vincent, S. R., Kimura, H. and McGeer, E.G., 1982, A histochemical study of GABA-transaminase in the efferents of the pallidum, Brain Res., 241:162.
Whittier, J.R., 1947, Ballism and the subthalamic nucleus (nucleus hypothalamicus; corpus Luysi), Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., 58:672.
Whittier, J.R. and Mettler, F.A., 1949, Studies on the subthalamus of the rhesus monkey. II. Hyperkinesia and other physiologic effects of subthalamic lesions, with special reference to the subthalamic nucleus of Luys, J. comp. Neurol., 90:319.
Yoshida, M., Rabin, A. and Anderson, M., 1972, Monosynaptic inhibition of pallidal neurons by axon collaterals of caudato-nigral fibers, Exp. Brain Res., 15:333.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1987 Plenum Press, New York
About this paper
Cite this paper
Crossman, A.R. et al. (1987). Basal Ganglia Mechanisms Mediating Experimental Dyskinesia in the Monkey. In: Carpenter, M.B., Jayaraman, A. (eds) The Basal Ganglia II. Advances in Behavioral Biology, vol 32. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5347-8_26
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5347-8_26
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5349-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5347-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive