Abstract
The present way of life in advanced industrial countries, i.e. in Europe, North America, some parts of Asia and in Australia, and the complicated social structure there, impose much heavier demands on mankind than those of just one generation ago. These demands are of both somatic and psychic nature and are caused by the much closer interaction of individuals in the work process, by life in large communities and in close contact with other people, by the daily stress in the traffic and often by some other adverse effects of the environment. In this region of the world, the quantity of food is no longer the decisive environmental factor — as it was in the past and it is still the case in developing countries — but this is now its quality, its properties and its contamination.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
J. Volke, Polarographic and voltammetric methods in pharmaceutical chemistry and pharmacology, Bioelectrochem.Bioenerget., 10: 7 (1983).
G. J. Patriarche, M. Chateau-Gosselin, J. L. Vandenbalck, and P. Zuman, Polarography and related electroanalytical techniques in pharmacy and pharmacology, in: “Electroanalytical Chemistry,” A. J. Bard, ed., 11:141–289, M. Dekker, New York (1979).
M. M. Baizer, ed., “Organic Electrochemistry,” p. 1072, M. Dekker, New York (1973).
A. M. Bond, “Modern Polarographic Methods in Analytical Chemistry,” M. Dekker, New York (1980).
D. Ilkovic and G. Semerano, Increased sensitivity of micro-analytical estimations by a compensation of current, Collec.Czech.Chem.Comm., 4: 176 (1932).
A. J. Bard and L. R. Faulkner, “Electrochemical Methods,” p. 718, J. Wiley and Sons, New York (1980).
Ceskoslovenskÿ lékopis - Pharmacopoea Bohemoslovenica, p.1040, Editio Secunda, Prague (1954); Ceskoslovenskÿ lékopis - Pharmacopoea Bohemoslovenica, 3 volumes, Editio Tertia, Prague (1970).
US Pharmacopoeia XX/National Formulary XV, US Pharmacopoeia Convention, Rockville MD, A general chapter on polarography and individual determination described in detail, p. 801 (1979).
H. Oelschläger, J. Volke, and E. Kurek, Polarographische gehaltsbestimmung des diazepams (Valium Roche), Arch.Pharmazie., 297:431 (1964); H. Oelschläger, E. Kurek, F. I. Sengün, and J. Volke, Polarographische gehaltsbestimmung des chlordiazepoxids (Librium) in seinen arzneiformen, Z.Anal.Chem., 282: 123 (1976).
L. F. Cullen, M. P. Brindle, and G. J. Popariello, Automated polarographic analysis in pharmacy, J.Pharmac.Sci., 62: 1708 (1973).
R. Kalvoda, Adsorptive accumulation in stripping voltammetry, Anal. Chim.Acta, 138: 11 (1982).
W. M. Peterson, Static mercury drop electrode, Amer.Lab., 1 /2: 51 (1980)
L. Novotnÿ, Czech. Pat. A.O. 202 772, Prague (1978)
L. Novotnÿ, Czech. Pat. A.O. 202 316, Prague (1978)
L. Novotny’, The multi-purpose dropping mercury electrode, J. Heyrovskÿ Memorial Congress, Proc. II, Prague, p. 129 (1980).
A. M. Bond, Developments in polarographic (voltammetric) analysis in the 1980’s, J.Electroanal.Chem., 118: 381 (1981).
H. B. Hanekamp, P. Bos, and R. W. Frei, Design and selective application of a dropping mercury electrode amperometric detector in column liquid chromatography, J.Chromatograph., 186: 489 (1979)
H. B. Hanekamp, W. H. Voogt, P. Bos, and R. W. Frei, A pulse polarographic detector for HPLC: Determination of nitrazepam, J.Liq.Chromatograph., 3: 1205 (1982)
K. Bratin, C. L. Blank, I. S. Krull, C. E. Lunte, and R. E. Shroup, Recent advances in LCEC and voltammetry, Intern.Lab., 14: 24 (1984).
H. Oelschläger, J. Volke, and G. T. Lim, Polarographische auswertung von dünnschichtchromatogrammen, Arch.Pharmazie, 298: 213 (1965).
H. Oelschläger, J. Volke, and G. T. Lim, Polarographische auswertung von magnesiumsilikat-dünnschichtchromatogrammen, Arzneimittelforschung, 17: 637 (1967)
J. Volke and H. Oelschläger, Polarographische auswertung von dünnschichtchromatogrammen, “Scientia Pharmaceutica,” 2:105, Butterworths, London (1967).
R. G. Peterson, B. H. Rumack, J. B. Sullivan, and A. Makowski, Amperometric high-performance liquid chromatographic method for narcotic alkaloids, J.Chromatography, 188: 420 (1980).
E. Bishop and W. Hussein, Anodic voltammetry of codeine and dihydrocodeine at rotating disc electrodes of platinum and gold, Analyst, 109: 143 (1984).
H. P. van Bennekom, PhD Thesis, University Leiden (1981).
D. J. Miner, M. J. Skibic, and R. J. Bopp, Practical aspects of LC/EC determinations of pharmaceuticals in biological media, J.Liq. Chromatogr., 6: 2209 (1983).
H. Oelschläger, Advances in electroanalytical methods, in: “Topics in Pharmaceutical Sciences,” D. D. Breimer and P. Speiser, eds., p. 357, Biomedical Press, Elsevier, North-Holland (1981).
A. M. Bond, I. D. Heritage, and H. M. Briggs, Removal of interference in the differential pulse polarographic determination of progestogens, Anal.Chim.Acta, 127: 135 (1981).
T. Shono, T. Toda, and N. Oshino, Preparation of N-dealkylated drug metabolites by electrochemical simulation of biotransformation, Drug Metab.Disposition, 9: 481 (1981).
R. Andreoli, G. Batistuzzi Gavioli, G. Grandi, L. Benedetti, and A. Rastelli, Half-wave potential of sulfa drugs as structural index, J.Electroanal.Chem., 108: 77 (1980).
M. R. Smyth, P. W. Lawellin, and J. D. Osteryoung, Polarographic study of Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2: Application of differential-pulse polarography to the determination of Aflatoxin B1 in various foodstuffs, Analyst, 104: 73 (1979).
F. Palmisano, A. Visconti, A. Bottaligo, P. Lerario, and P. G. Zambonni, Analyst, 106: 992 (1981).
W. F. Smyth, ed., “Electroanalysis in Hygiene, Environmental, Clinical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry,” Elsevier, Amsterdam (1979).
W. F. Smyth, ed., “Polarography of Molecules of Biological Significance,” p.326, Academic Press, London (1979); W. F. Smyth, L. Goold, D. Dadgar, M. R. Jan, and M. R. Smyth, Polarographic and voltammetric methods of environmental analysis, Intern.Anal., 40 (1983).
J. Volke and M. Slamnik, Polarography and related methods in the determination of pesticides, in: “Pesticide Analysis,” K. G. Das, ed., p. 175, M. Dekker, New York (1981).
W. A. MacCrehan, R. A. Durst, Measurement of organomercury species in biological samples by liquid chromatography with differential pulse electrochemical detection, Anal.Chem., 50: 2108 (1978).
J. J. van der Lee, W. P. van Bennekom, and H. J. DeJong, Determination of chloramphenicol at ultra-trace levels by high-performance differential-pulse polarography. Application to milk and meat, Anal.Chim.Acta, 117: 171 (1981).
M. R. Smyth and C. G. B. Frischkorn, Trace determination of some phenolic growth-promoting hormones in meat by high-performance liquid chromatography with voltammetric detection, Z.Anal.Chem., 301: 220 (1980).
E. Lechner, I. Kunder, and H. Klostermeyer, Polarographische bestimmung von diacetyl and diacetyl in butter, Z.LebensmittelUntersuch.Forsch., 173: 372 (1981).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1985 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Volke, J. (1985). Electrochemistry in Drug and Food Control. In: Kalvoda, R., Parsons, R. (eds) Electrochemistry in Research and Development. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5098-9_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5098-9_16
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5100-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5098-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive