Abstract
This chapter will review methodological issues that need to be considered in designing and implementing preventive-oriented interventions. These concerns are not unique to this chapter, as many of the other contributors to this handbook mention methodological principles. The present chapter, however, more comprehensively and exclusively deals with those experimental and methodological concepts which might guide the planning of preventive projects.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Barber, R. M., & Kagey, J. R. (1977). Modification of school attendance for an elementary population. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 10, 41–48.
Bentler, P. M. (1980). Multivariate analysis with latent variables: Causal modeling. Annual Review of Psychology, 31, 419–456.
Besalel-Azrin, V., Azrin, N. H., & Armstrong, P. M. (1977). The student-oriented classroom: A method of improving student conduct and satisfaction. Behavior Therapy, 8, 193–204.
Bloom. B. L. (1984). Community mental health ( 2nd edition ). Brooks/Cole: Monterey, CA.
Campbell, A. (1977). Subjective measures of well-being. In G. W. Albee & J. M. Joffe (Eds.), Primary prevention of psychopathology, Vol. I. The issues (pp. 321–337 ). Hanover, NH: University Press of New England.
Campbell, D. T. (1975). Reforms as experiments. In E. L. Struening & M. Guttentag (Eds.), Handbook of evaluation research (pp. 71–100 ). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Campbell, D. T. (1979). Degrees of freedom and the case study. In T. D. Cook and C. S. Reichardt (Eds.), Qualitative and quantitative methods in evaluation research (pp. 49–67 ). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research. Chicago: Rand McNally.
Chesler, M. A., Bryant, B. I., & Crowfoot, J. E. (1976). Consultation in schools: Inevitable conflict, partisanship, and advocacy. Professional Psychology, 7, 637–645.
Cohen, P. A., Kulik, J. A., & Kulik, C. C. (1982). Educational outcomes of tutoring: A meta-analysis of findings. American Educational Research Journal, 19, 237–248.
Cormier, A., Prefontaine, M., MacDonald, H., & Stuart, R. B. (1980). Lifestyle change on the campus: Pilot test of a program to improve student practices. In P. O. Davidson & J. M. Davidson (Eds.), Behavioral medicine: Changing health lifestyles (pp. 222–255 ). New York: Brunner/Mazel.
Cowen, E. L. (1978). Some problems in community evaluation research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 46, 792–805.
Cowen, E. L., & Gesten, E. L. (1980). Evaluating community programs: Tough and tender perspectives. In M. S. Gibbs, J. R. Lachenmeyer, & J. Sigal (Eds.), Community psychology: Theoretical and empirical approaches (pp. 363–393 ). New York: Gardner Press.
Critelli, J. W., & Neumann, K. F. (1984). The placebo: Conceptual analysis of a construct in transition. American Psychologist, 39, 32–39.
Cronbach, L. (1975). Beyond the two disciplines of scientific psychology. American Psychologist, 30, 116–127.
Davidson, W. S., & Wolfred, T. R. (1977). Evaluation of a community-based behavior modification program for prevention of delinquency: The failure of a success. Community Mental Health Journal, 13, 296–306.
Davison, G. C., & Gagnon, J. H. (1976). Asylums, the token economy, and the metrics of mental life. Behavior Therapy, 7, 528–534.
Dean, A., & Lin, N. (1977). The stress-buffering role of social support. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 165, 403–417.
Deming, W. E. (1975). The logic of evaluation. In E. L. Struening & M. Guttentag (Eds.), Handbook of evaluation research (pp. 53–68 ). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Dohrenwend, B. S. (1978). Social stress and community psychology. American Journal of Community Psychology, 6, 1–14.
Durlak, J. (1983). Social problem-solving as a primary prevention strategy. In R. D. Felner, L. A. Jason, J. N. Moritsugu, & S. S. Farber (Eds.), Preventive psychology: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 31–48 ). New York: Pergamon Press.
Eisenberg, L. (1979). Introduction–Preventive methods in psychiatry: Definition, principles, and social policy. In I. N. Berlin & L. A. Stone (Eds.), Basic handbook of child psychiatry: Prevention and current issues (Vol. 4, pp. 3–8 ). New York: Basic Books.
Flanagan, J. C. (1980). Quality of life. In L. A. Bond & J. C. Rosen (Eds.), Competence and coping during adulthood (pp. 156–177 ). Hanover, NH: University Press of New England.
Fodor, I. E. (1983). Behavior therapy for the overweight woman: A time for reappraisal. In M. Rosenbaum, C. M. Franks, & Y. Jaffe (Eds.), Perspectives on behavior therapy in the eighties (pp. 378–394 ). New York: Springer.
Glass, G. V., McGaw, B., & Smith, M. L. (1981). Meta-analysis in school research. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Gottman, J., & Markman, H. J. (1978). Experimental designs in psychotherapy research. In S. L. Garfield & A. E. Bergin (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (pp. 23–62 ). New York: Wiley.
Harris, R. J. (1975). A primer of multivariate statistics. New York: Academic Press.
Heller, K., & Monahan, J. (1977). Psychology and community change. Homewood, IL: Dorsey Press.
Heller, K., & Swindle, R. W. (1983). Social networks, perceived social support and coping with stress. In R. D. Felner, L. A. Jason, J. N. Moritsugu, & S. S. Farber (Eds.), Preventive psychology: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 87–103 ). New York: Pergamon Press.
Heller, K., Price, R. H., & Sher, K. J. (1980). Research and evaluation in primary prevention: Issues and guidelines. In R. H. Price, R. F. Ketterer, B. C. Bader, & J. Monahan (Eds.), Prevention in mentalhealth: Research, policy, and practice (pp. 285–313 ). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Hobbs, N., & Robinson, S. (1982). Adolescent development and public policy. American Psychologist, 37, 212–223.
Husaini, B. A., Neff, J. A., Newbrough, J. R., & Moore, M. C. (1982). The stress-buffering role of social support and personal competence among the rural married. Journal of Community Psychology, 10, 409–426.
Iscoe, I. (1980). Conceptual barriers to training for the primary prevention of psychopathology. In J. M. Joffe & G. W. Albee (Eds.), Prevention through political action and social change (pp. 110–134 ). Hanover, NH: University Press of New England.
Janis, I. L. (1983). The role of social support in adherence to stressful decisions. American Psychologist, 38, 143–160.
Jason, L. A., & Bogat, G. A. (1983). Preventive behavioral interventions. In R. D. Felner, L. A. Jason, J. N. Moritsugu, & S. S. Farber (Eds.), Preventive psychology: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 128–143 ). New York: Pergamon Press.
Jason, L. A., & Smetak, S. (1983). Altering the design of a nursing home. In M. A. Smyer & M. Gatz (Eds.), Mental health and aging (pp. 215–225 ). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Jason, L. A., Durlak,. A., & Holton-Walker, E. (1984). Prevention of child problems in the schools. In M. C. Roberts & L. Peterson (Eds.), Preveniton of problems in childhood: Psychological research and applications (pp. 311–341 ). New York: Wiley-Interscience.
Jason, L. A., Neal, A. M., & Marinakis, G. (1985). Altering contingencies to facilitate compliance with traffic light systems. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 18, 95–100.
Jessor, R. (1982). Critical issues in research on adolescent health promotion. In T. J. Coates, A. C. Peterson, & C. Perry (Eds.), Promoting adolescent health (pp. 447–465 ). New York: Academic Press.
Kazdin, A. E. (1977a). Artifact, bias, and complexity of assessment: The ABCs of reliability. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 10, 141–150.
Kazdin, A. E. (1977b). Assessing the clinical or applied importance of behavior change through social validation. Behavior Modification, 1, 427 - 452.
Kazdin, A. E. (1980). Implication and obstacles for community extensions of behavioral techniques. In D. S. Glenwick & L. A. Jason (Eds.), Behavioral community psychology: Progress and prospects (pp. 465–470 ). New York: Praeger.
Kiesler, C. A. (1980). Mental health policy as a field of inquiry for psychology. American Psychologist, 35, 1066–1080.
Kiesler, C. A. (1982). Mental hospitals and alternative care. American Psychologist, 37, 349–360.
Kohn, M. (1977). Social competence, symptoms, and underachievements in childhood: A Longitudinal perspective. Washington, DC: V. H. Winston.
Kramer, M. (1982). The continuing challenge: The rising prevalence of mental disorders, associated chronic diseases, and disabling conditions. In M. O. Wagenfeld, P. V. Lemkau, & B. Justice (Eds.), Public mental health (pp. 103–130 ). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Kratochwill, T. R. (1978). Foundations of time-series research. In T. R. Kratochwill (Ed.), Single subject research (pp. 1–100 ). New York: Academic Press.
Kulik, C. C., Schwalb, B. J., & Kulik, J. A. (1982). Programmed instruction in secondary education: A meta-analysis of evaluation findings. The Journal of Educational Research, 75, 133–138.
Laszlo, E. (1975). The meaning and significance of general system theory. Behavioral Science, 20, 9–24.
Lau, R., Kane, R., Berry, S., Ware, J., & Roy, D. (1980). Channeling health: A review of the evaluation of televised health campaigns. Health Education Quarterly, 7, 56–89.
Lewis, M. S. (1978). Nearest neighbor analysis of epidemiological and community variables. Psychological Bulletin, 85, 1302–1308.
Lieberman, M. A., & Bond, G. R. (1979). Problems in studying outcomes. In M. A. Lieberman, L. D. Borman, & Associates (Eds.), Self-help groups for coping with crisis (pp. 323–340 ). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Lieberman, M. A., & Mullan, J. T. (1978). Does help help? The adaptive consequences of obtaining help from professionals and social networks. American Journal of Community Psychology, 6, 499–517.
Linehan, M. M. (1980). Content validity: Its relevance to behavioral assessment. Behavioral Assessment, 2, 147–159.
Linney, J. A., & Reppucci, N. D. (1982). Research design and methods in community psychology. In P. C. Kendall & J. N. Butcher (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in clinical psychology (pp. 535–566 ). New York: Wiley.
Lorion, R. P. (1983). Evaluating preventive interventions: Guidelines for the serious social change agent. In R. D. Felner, L. A. Jason, J. N. Moritsugu, & S. S. Farber, (Eds.), Preventive psychology: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 251–268 ). New York: Pergamon Press.
Lounsbury, J. W., Leader, D. S., Mears, E. P., & Cook, M. P. (1980). An analytic review of research in community psychology. American Journal of Community Psychology, 8, 415–441.
Mannarino, A. P., & Durlak, J. A. (1980). Implementation and evaluation of service programs in community settings. Professional Psychology, 11, 220–227.
Markman, H. J., Floyd, F. J., Stanley, S., & Jamieson, K. (1984). A cognitive/behavioral program for the prevention of marital and family distress: Issues in program development and delivery. In N. Jacobson & K. Hahlweg (Eds.), Marital interaction: Analysis and modifications (pp. 396–428 ). New York: Guilford Press.
Masters, S. L., & Maynard, R. A. (1980). Supported work. A demonstration of subsidized employment. In E. W. Stromsdorfer & G. Farkas (Eds.), Evaluation studies review annual (Vol. 5, pp. 278–301 ). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
McClure, L., Cannon, D., Belton, E., D’Ascoli, C., Sullivan, B., Allen, S., Connor, P., Stone, P., & McClure, G. (1980). Community psychology concepts and research base. American Psychologist, 35, 1000–1011.
McCord, J. (1978). A thirty-year follow-up of treatment effects. American Psychologist, 33, 284–289.
Medway, F. J. (1982). School consultation research: Past trends and future directions. Professional Psychology, 13, 422–430.
Melamed, B. G. (1983). The effects of preparatory information on adjustment of children to medical procedures. In M. Rosenbaum, C. M. Franks, & Y. Jaffe (Eds.), Perspectives on behavior therapy in the eighties (pp. 344–362 ). New York: Springer.
Milsum, J. H. (1980). Lifestyle changes for the whole person: Stimulation through health hazard appraisal. In P. O. Davidson, & S. M. Davidson (Eds.), Behavioral medicine: Changing health lifestyles (pp. 116–150 ). New York. Brunner/Mazel.
Mitchell, R. E., & Trickett, E. J. (1980). Task force report: Social networks as mediators of social support. An analysis of the effects and determinants of social networks. Community Mental Health Journal, 16, 27–44.
Moos, R. H. (1975). Evaluating correctional and community settings. New York: Wiley.
Murray, E. J., & Jacobson, L. I. (1971). The nature of learning in traditional and behavioral psychotherapy. In A. E. Bergin & S. L. Garfield (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavioral change (pp. 709–747 ). New York: Wiley.
Murrell, S. A., & Schulte, P. (1980). A procedure for systematic citizen input to community decision-making. American Journal of Community Psychology, 8, 19–30.
Myers, J. K., Lindenthal, J. J., & Pepper, M. P. (1975). Life events, social integration and psychiatric symptomatology. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 16, 421–427.
Novaco, R. W., & Monahan, J. (1980). Research in community psychology: An analysis of work published in the first six years of the American Journal of Community Psychology. American Journal of Community Psychology, 8, 131–145.
Nunnally, J. C. (1975). The study of change in evaluation research: Principles concerning measurement, experimental design, and analysis. In E. L. Struening & M. Guttentag (Eds.), Handbook of evaluation research (pp. 101–137 ). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Paradise, R. C., & Cooney, N. L. (1980). Methods for assessments of environments. In L. Krasner (Ed.), Environmental design and human behavior (pp. 106–131 ). New York: Pergamon Press.
Plaut, T. F. (1980). Prevention policy: The federal perspective. In R. H. Price, R. F. Ketterer, B. C. Bader, & J. Monahan (Eds.), Prevention in mental health: Research, policy, and practice (pp. 195–205 ). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Poser, E. G. (1983). Principles of behavior change and primary prevention. In M. Rosenbaum, C. M. Franks, & Y. Jaffe (Eds.), Perspectives on behavior therapy in the eighties (pp. 430–445 ). New York: Springer.
Rappaport, J. (1981). In praise of paradox: A social policy of empowerment over prevention. American Journal of Community Psychology, 1, 1–25.
Robins, L. N. (1966). Deviant children grow up. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins.
Roskies, E., & Lazarus, R. S. (1980). Coping theory and the teaching of coping skills. In P. O. Davidson & S. M. Davidson (Eds.), Behavioral medicine: Changing health lifestyles (pp. 38–69 ). New York: Brunner/Mazel.
Rossi, P. H., & Wright, S. R. (1977). Evaluation research: An assessment of theory, practice, and politics. Evaluation Quarterly, 1, 5–51.
Royse, D., & Drude, K. (1982). Mental health needs assessment: Beware of false promises. Community Mental Health Journal, 18, 97–106.
Rutter, M. (1979). Protective factors in children’s responses to stress and disadvantage. In M. W. Kent & J. E. Rolf (Eds.), Primary prevention of psychopathology. Social competence in children (Vol 2, pp. 49–74 ). Hanover, NH: University Press of New England.
Sameroff, A. J., & Chandler, M. J. (1975). Reproductive risk and the continuum of caretaking casuality. In F. D. Horowitz, M. Hetherington, S. Scarr-Salapatek, & G. M. Siegel (Eds.), Review of child development research (Vol. 4, pp. 187–244). University of Chicago Press.
Sarason, S. B. (1978). An unsuccessful war on poverty? American Psychologist, 33, 831–839.
Sarbin, T. R., & Mancuso, J. C. (1975). Failure of a moral enterprise: Attitudes of the public toward mental illness. In D. L. Rosenhan & P. London (Eds.), Theory and research in abnormal psychology (pp. 304–322 ). New York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston.
Saxe, L., & Dougherty, D. (1983). Escalators, ladders, and safety nets: Experiments in providing aid to people in need. In A. Nadler, J. D. Fisher, & B. M. DePaulo (Eds.), New directions in helping (Vol. 3, pp. 293–326 ). New York: Academic Press.
Schnelle, J. F. (1974). A brief report on invalidity of parent evaluations of behavior change. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 7, 341–343.
Selltiz, C., Wrightsman, L. S., & Cook, S. W. (1976). Research methods in social relations ( 3rd ed. ). New York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston.
Shipley, R. H., Butt, J. H., & Horwitz, E. A. (1979). Preparation to reexperience a stressful medical examination: Effect of repetitious videotape exposure and coping style. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 47, 485–492.
Sjoberg, G. (1975). Politics, ethics, and evaluation research. In M. Guttentag & E. L. Struening (Eds.), Handbook of evaluation research (Vol. 2, pp. 29–51 ). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Smith, M. L., & Glass, G. V. (1977). Meta-analysis of psychotherapy outcome studies. American Psychologist, 32, 752–760.
Spielberger, C. D., Piacente, B. S., & Hobfoll, S. E. (1976). Program evaluation in community psychology. American Journal of Community Psychology, 4, 393–404.
Stern, P. C., & Gardner, G. T. (1981). Psychological research and energy policy. American Psychologist, 36, 329–342.
Stokes, T. F., & Baer, D. M. (1977). An implicit technology of generalization. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 10, 349–367.
Susser, M. (1975). Epidemiological models. In E. L. Struening & M. Guttentag (Eds.), Handbook of evaluation research (pp. 497–517 ). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Tornatzky, L. G., & Fergus, E. O. (1982). Innovation and diffusion in mental health: The community lodge. In A. M. Jeger & R. Slotnick (Eds.), Community mental health: A behavioral-ecological perspective (pp. 113–126 ). New York: Plenum Press.
Tryon, W. W. (1982). A simplified time-series analysis for evaluating treatment interventions. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 15, 423–429.
Twain, A. (1975). Developing and implementing a research strategy. In E. L. Struening & M. Guttentag (Eds.), Handbook of evaluation research (pp. 27–52 ). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Tyler, F. B., Pargament, K. I., & Gatz, M. (1983). The resource collaborator role. American Psychologist, 38, 388–398.
Vincent, T. A., & Trickett, E. J. (1983). Preventive intervention and the human context. In R. D. Felner, L. A. Jason, J.N. Moritsugu, & S. S. Farber (Eds.), Preventive psychology: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 67–86 ). New York: Pergamon Press.
Wahler, R. G., & Fox, J. J. (1981). Setting events in applied behavior analysis: Toward a conceptual and methodological expansion. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 14, 327–338.
Weisbrod, B. A., & Helming, M. (1980). What benefit-cost analysis can and cannot do. The case of treating the mentally ill. In E. W. Stromsdorfer & G. Farkas (Eds.), Evaluation studies review annual (Vol. 5, pp. 604–621 ). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Wenar, C. (1984). Commentary: Progress and problems in the cognitive approach to clinical child psychology. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 52, 57–62.
Willems, E. P. (1974). Behavioral technology and behavioral ecology. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 7, 151–165.
Wilson, G. T. (1980). Cognitive factors in lifestyle changes: A social learning perspective. In P. O. Davidson & S. M. Davidson (Eds.), Behavioral medicine: Changing health lifestyles (pp. 3–37 ). New York: Brunner/Mazel.
Winett, R. A., Stefanek, M., & Riley, A. W. (1983). Preventive strategies with children and families: Small groups, organizations, communities. In T. H. Ollendick & M. Hersen (Eds.), Handbook of child psychopathology. New York: Plenum Press.
Winett, R. A., Leckliter, I. N., Chinn, D. E., Stahl, B., & Love, S. Q. (1985). Effects of television modeling on residential energy conservation. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 18, 33–44.
Winkler, R. C., & Winett, R. A. (1982). Behavioral interventions in resource conservations: A systems approach based on behavioral economics. American Psychologist, 37, 421–435.
Wortman, P. M. (1975). Evaluation research. A psychological perspective. American Psychologist, 30, 562–575.
Wrubel, J., Banner, P., & Lazarus, R. S. (1981). Social competence from the perspective of stress and coping. In J. D. Wine & M. D. Smye (Eds.), Social competence (pp. 61–99 ). New York: Guilford Press.
Yokley, J. M., & Glenwick, D. S. (1983). Issues in mounting behavioral programs to increase the immunization of preschool children. Behavioral Counseling and Community Interventions, 3, 43–57.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jason, L.A., Thompson, D., Rose, T. (1986). Methodological Issues in Prevention. In: Edelstein, B.A., Michelson, L. (eds) Handbook of Prevention. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5044-6_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5044-6_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5046-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5044-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive